最新刊期
卷 47 ， 期 3 ， 2026
- 摘要：Quasi-two-dimensional （quasi-2d） perovskites are promising gain media for micro-nano lasers， yet their uncontrolled crystallization and abundant low-n phases often hinder optical gain and device performance. In this work， we introduce ethyl acetate （EA） as a green antisolvent to fabricate high-quality quasi-2D PEA0.4MAPbBr3 films. The EA-treated films exhibit superior morphology， enhanced crystallinity， and notably inhibited low n-phases. These improvements yield a prolonged photoluminescence lifetime of 26.3 ns and a substantially extended gain lifetime of 129 ps. Consequently， the optimized film exhibits a markedly reduced amplified spontaneous emission （ASE） threshold of 5.6 μJ·cm-2 and a high net modal gain of 935 cm-1. Leveraging these enhanced gain properties， we successfully demonstrate a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser （VCSEL） based on a dielectric Bragg reflector microcavity， which delivers single-mode lasing at 528.3 nm and a high quality factor of ~5 886. This work presents a green-solvent-engineering strategy for high-performance perovskite lasers， advancing their prospects for scalable photonic integration.关键词：quasi-2D perovskite;green antisolvent;gain properties;perovskite lasers2890|822|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Cover Story
- 摘要：Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles （LnNPs） have long been regarded as electrically inactive due to their insulating hosts. A recent strategy enables electrical activation by introducing exciton-forming organic ligands as energy mediators， achieving efficient and color-tunable visible and near-infrared LnLEDs. This breakthrough overcomes the insulation bottleneck and opens new opportunities for high-color-purity displays and infrared photonic devices.关键词：Lanthanide nanocrystals;electroluminescence;Molecular excitons;energy transfer;High-color-purity displays;Near-infrared emission2528|717|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Research Highlight
- 摘要：Cystatin C（Cys C） is an important biomarker for evaluating and monitoring renal function and is widely used for early screening of kidney disease. Fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay is a convenient approach for rapid and quantitative Cys C testing， yet its analytical performance is often constrained by the brightness and stability of conventional signal labels. Here， we report a water-stable perovskite quantum dot（PQD）-based fluorescent bioprobe for use in Cys C LFIA. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles（MSNs） were employed as nanocarriers， enabling in situ formation of CsPbBr3 quantum dots within the mesopores while a SiO2 sealing layer was simultaneously constructed. The resulting CsPbBr3@MSNs@SiO2 probes exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yield（PLQY≈93%） and excellent water stability（>120 h）， providing robust signal output for LFIA readout. Based on this bioprobe， a fluorescent LFIA strip was fabricated for quantitative Cys C detection， demonstrating good specificity and a clear concentration-dependent response. This work offers a bright and water-stable labeling strategy for point-of-care testing of renal function-related biomarkers and expands the utility of metal halide PQDs in bioanalysis and LFIA-based diagnostics.关键词：perovskite quantum dots;Cystatin C;Lateral flow immunoassay;fluorescence;Point-of-care testing2315|812|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：Aptamer-based sandwich immunosensors are an emerging analytical platform that combines the high specificity recognition of aptamers with the high sensitivity of immunoassays. Due to their advantages of excellent selectivity and low detection limits， these biosensors hold great potential for use in bioanalytical applications. This review outlines the key strategies underlying such biosensors， including aptamer selection， sandwich structure construction， and nanomaterial-enhanced signal amplification， and surveys recent advances in their bioanalytical application for the detection of small molecules， proteins， and pathogenic microorganisms. Current challenges and promising future directions for the field are also discussed.关键词：aptamer;nanomaterials;sandwich immunosensor;bioanalysis2231|763|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：The increasing performance demands on white-light-emitting diodes （white-LEDs） necessitate the development of novel luminescent materials. Here， a new type of luminescent borate glass for white-LEDs applications was fabricated， based on Sn2+ single doping and Sn2+/Sm3+ co-doping. The obtained glasses exhibit favorable luminescence properties. Under ultraviolet excitation， the Sn2+ singly doped glass shows a broad and tunable blue emission band spanning from 300 nm to 500 nm. Co-doping Sm3+， which provides characteristic red-orange emission， enables efficient energy transfer from Sn2+ to Sm3+ ions （with a transfer efficiency of 41.71% in 2% Sm3+ co-doped glass sample）， allowing for effective color tuning from blue to white light. Furthermore， temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements confirm the excellent thermal recoverability of these luminescent glasses， highlighting their promising potential for application in high-performance white-LEDs.关键词：Sn2+;luminescent properties;Sm3+;energy transfer;white-LEDs2087|393|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Invited Paper
- 摘要：Metal halides have attracted worldwide attention as exceptional optoelectronic materials. Over the past decade， research on metal halides has yielded remarkable progress， and their color-conversion applications have shown considerable promise for commercialization. With the reporting of self-trapped exciton （STE） emission in perovskites， the application of metal halides as broadband emitting materials in the lighting field has gained increasing interest. Herein， we provide a comprehensive review of metal halide STE emitters， especially for lighting applications. We begin with highlighting the ideal spectral characteristics and corresponding performance metrics for lighting. This is followed by a systematic summary of the mechanisms， optimization strategies， and recent advances of STE emission in metal halides. Finally， we outline the major challenges and prospective trends for metal halide STE emitters. This review aims to offer valuable insights into metal halide STE emitters and their lighting applications for facilitating the future commercialization.关键词：self-trapped exciton;metal halide;lighting;optoelectronic applications2070|649|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Invited Review
- 摘要：Mid-infrared （MIR） lasers， owing to their high beam quality and super robustness， are widely used in fields from surgery， environmental monitoring， and material processing to laser radar. However， their development is greatly limited by the lack of optical gain materials with both high rare earth doping content and excellent mechanical resistibility. Here， highly Er3+-doped Ga2S3-La2S3-Na2S3 chalcogenide glasses （ChGs） up to 10% in Er2S3 concentration are obtained. The resulting glass shows high glass transition temperature （492 ℃） and large Vickers hardness （3.37 GPa）， which is substantially greater than those of other ChGs. The intensity of 2.7 µm emission drastically increases with increasing Er3+ content and reaches a maximum at 7.5% Er2S3. Moreover， the absorption and emission cross-section at 2.7 µm are 10.6×10-21 cm2 and 15.7×10-21 cm2 at 7.5% Er2S3， respectively. The above research results provide a straightforward and effective strategy for the development of high gain rare earth doped MIR laser materials.关键词：mid-infrared emission;Chalcogenide glass;highly Er3+ doping;superior mechanical property1117|473|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：White organic light-emitting diodes （WOLEDs） are promising candidates for solid-state lighting and full-color display due to their advantages such as energy conservation， thinness， lightness and flexible display. Traditional WOLEDs mostly adopt multi-layer architectures that stack primary-color emitters （red， green， and blue） to achieve white emission. However， these devices suffer from complicated fabrication and high manufacturing costs. Therefore， solution-processed single emissive layer WOLEDs have attracted extensive research attention. In this study， an ultra-small organic fluorescent molecule （4，7-bis（thiophen-2-yl） benzo［c］［1，2，5］thiadiazole， TBT） composed solely of a thiadiazole acceptor and a thiophene donor was designed and synthesized， which exhibits a broad yellow-orange emission ranging from 450 nm to 650 nm， with a peak at 560 nm. By blending TBT with poly（N-vinylcarbazole） （PVK） and 1，3-bis（5-（4-tert-butylphenyl）-1，3，4-oxadiazol-2-yl）benzene （OXD-7） in a single emissive layer， we obtain cool-white， pure-white， and warm-white electroluminescence covering 400-650 nm. The optimized device delivers a maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.3% and a peak luminance of 4 000 cd/m². Owing to its low-cost and simple synthesis， solution processability， and high efficiency， this ultra-small fluorescent molecule provides a feasible approach for low-cost lighting and display applications.关键词：Fluorescent molecules;solution processing;light-emitting diodes;single-emitting layer;white electroluminescence1094|358|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：Luminescent solar concentrators （LSCs） have attracted significant attention due to their potential in large-area building-integrated photovoltaics. To realize efficient LSC， it is necessary to overcome the reabsorption losses while maintaining a high photoluminescence quantum yield （PLQY） and broad-spectrum absorption. Organic-inorganic two-dimensional hybrid perovskite materials， such as （PEA）2PbBr4 （PEA+=C8H12N+）， have shown promising prospects in low-cost optoelectronic devices. It is crucial for LSC to independently regulate the absorption and emission properties by using the doping strategies. However， the inherent small Stokes shift of intrinsic two-dimensional perovskites leads to severe reabsorption losses， which limit the efficiency of LSC. In this work， Mn2+ doped two-dimensional Mn∶（PEA）2PbBr4 was successfully prepared via a high-temperature solid-state method. Its optical properties were investigated， and device performance for application in LSCs was evaluated. The results demonstrated that Mn2+ doping induces a large Stokes shift of up to 310 nm with the absorption peak at ~300 nm and the emission peak at ~610 nm. The perovskite materials were embedded into a polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） polymer matrix at varying mass fractions （0.15%-0.75%） to fabricate Mn∶（PEA）2PbBr4@PDMS thin films. Photovoltaic performance tests revealed that the 0.60% Mn∶（PEA）2PbBr4@PDMS film delivered the optimal performance， achieving an external optical efficiency （ηopt） of 7.57% and a maximum power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 1.246% under standard AM1.5G illumination.关键词：Mn∶（PEA）2PbBr4;luminescent solar concentrators;photovoltaics;solar energy;two-dimensional perovskites1255|313|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Editor's Choice
- 摘要：In this work， five kinds of crystals were successfully synthesized using the Czochralski method for the first time， namely Dy∶Ca3Li0.275Nb1.775Ga2.95O12 （CLNGG）， Dy，Tb∶CLNGG， Dy，Eu∶CLNGG， Tb∶CLNGG， and Eu∶CLNGG. A detailed investigation of spectral features and energy transfer mechanisms in such crystals was conducted by analyzing their optical absorption spectra， excitation and emission spectra， and fluorescence decay curves at ambient temperature. Calculations based on the Judd-Ofelt theory further elucidated these features. The results demonstrate that in the Dy3+ system， co-doping with Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions not only enhances the emission cross-sections in the yellow wavelength region but also improves the fluorescence quantum efficiency. These improvements are particularly beneficial for achieving efficient yellow light output from Dy3+. Additionally， the studies confirm the occurrence of reciprocal energy transfer between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions in Dy，Tb∶CLNGG crystals， whereas unidirectional energy transfer from Dy³⁺ to Eu³⁺ occurs in Dy，Eu∶CLNGG crystals. Based on the obtained research results， Dy，Tb∶CLNGG and Dy，Eu∶CLNGG crystals could be utilized as compelling and potential laser media for diode-pumped all-solid-state yellow lasers.关键词：Crystal growth;CLNGG crystal;Dy3+，Tb3+/Eu3+∶CLNGG;Yellow emission;Spectral features;Energy transfer processes1330|346|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：Extreme environments such as space optical communication and nuclear power plants impose strict requirements on the reliability and stability of photonic integrated devices. Traditional silicon-based waveguides face a serious risk of performance degradation in the above scenarios， mainly due to their inherent insufficient radiation resistance and chemical sensitivity. For this purpose， this paper designs and studies a new type of optical waveguide based on Ta2O5 with radiation resistance and chemical stability. The waveguide structure was designed and optimized based on classical electromagnetic theory， and experiments verified that the waveguide has low loss and ideal optical mode limitation capability. In addition， its preparation process is compatible with existing semiconductor technologies and has good integration potential. It can be further fabricated into FP （Fabry-Pérot cavity） waveguides， grating waveguides and other mode-selecting devices to achieve the transmission and control of photons. This research provides a high-performance and highly reliable waveguide scheme for optical communication and sensing systems that can operate stably in special environments such as strong irradiation and high corrosion， demonstrating broad application prospects.关键词：Tantalum pentoxide;Multilayer dielectric film;optical waveguide;Pattern analysis1035|351|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Synthesis and Properties of Materials
- 摘要：Metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes （PeLEDs） are attracting intense academic and industrial interest for next-generation high-definition displays because of their readily tunable emission and the cost advantages offered by solution processability. Spin-coating is currently the most widely used route to deposit perovskite films， yet it suffers from high-boiling toxic solvents， uncontrolled crystallization and poor large-area uniformity. Vacuum thermal evaporation circumvents these limitations： it is solvent-free， environmentally benign， allows angstrom-level thickness and rate control， and is fully compatible with existing organic light-emitting diodes （OLED） fabrication lines， making it the most promising technique for scaling PeLED to large-area panels. Here we review the three principal vacuum thermal evaporation protocols-single evaporation， sequential evaporation and co-evaporation-used to deposit perovskite films. We then summarize recent strategies and progress in achieving high-performance red， green， and blue PeLEDs through compositional engineering， interface optimization， and device architecture design. Finally， we outline the remaining challenges and future research directions that must be addressed to commercialize vacuum thermal evaporation based PeLED technology.关键词：perovskite light-emitting diodes （PeLEDs）;Vacuum thermal evaporation;fabrication process;Material strategy;Interface engineering1502|421|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：This paper reports on an ultrashort pulse femtosecond fiber laser based on mode-locking with a two-segment spliced erbium-doped fiber. The laser consists of a seed source， a two-stage fiber amplifier， and a pulse compression section. The seed source is a single-walled carbon nanotube （SWCNT） mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser， which uses a two-segment spliced erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium. This design effectively achieves intracavity dispersion management and spectral broadening by introducing complementary dispersion. In the amplifier section， the first-stage fiber amplifier employs forward pumping， while the second-stage uses bidirectional pumping. The amplified pulses are compressed using only 2.0 m of single-mode fiber， ultimately producing femtosecond pulses with a spectral bandwidth of 78.39 nm， a pulse width of 49 fs （fitted with a Sech² profile）， a maximum average output power of 145.5 mW after the two-stage amplification， a corresponding peak power of 65.3 kW， and a single-pulse energy of 3.20 nJ.关键词：Erbium-doped fiber laser;Carbon nanotube mode-locking;Spectral broadening1642|348|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：Wide band gap perovskite solar cells demonstrate significant potential for indoor photovoltaic applications， yet their performance and stability still face challenges. The two-dimensional/three-dimensional （2D/3D） hybrid perovskite approach is regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the overall performance of wide bandgap perovskite devices. This study introduces a 2D/3D hybridperovskite structure based on methylenediammonium ions （MDA2+）， aiming to improve the photovoltaic performance of wide-bandgap perovskites under indoor lighting conditions. The research reveals that MDA2+ can interact with lead ions， iodide ions， and bromide ions in the perovskite precursor solution， inducing the formation of quasi-2D perovskite phases and thereby constructing a 2D/3D hybrid perovskite system. Compared to conventional 3D perovskites， this hybrid structure effectively optimizes the crystallization process of perovskite films， promotes charge carrier transport， and significantly suppresses non-radiative recombination. Leveraging these advantages， the MDA2+-modified 2D/3D hybrid perovskite solar cells achieve a synergistic improvement in open-circuit voltage and fill factor， delivering an indoor power conversion efficiency of 43.39% and demonstrating excellent operational stability under continuous maximum power point tracking. This study not only provides new insights for the development of high-performance indoor photovoltaic devices， but also highlights the broad prospects of the 2D/3D hybrid strategy in advancing perovskite optoelectronic devices toward practical applications.关键词：Two-dimensional/three-dimensional （2D/3D） hybrid perovskite;Methylenediammonium ion （MDA²⁺）;Wide-bandgap perovskite;Indoor photovoltaics;stability1171|227|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Device Fabrication and Physics
- 摘要：Metal oxide memristors have garnered significant attention in fields such as non-volatile memory， intelligent sensing， and neuromorphic computing due to their wide material availability， low cost， and compatibility with CMOS processes. However， their practical implementation and application value remain constrained by inherent limitations including substantial threshold voltage fluctuations， poor switching stability， and inadequate cycling endurance. This paper employs ZnO as the resistive switching layer and introduces a 2 nm-thick ultrathin aluminum oxide insulating modification layer via atomic layer deposition. This effectively regulates the growth and fusing process of conductive filaments within the device， significantly enhancing switching stability while elevating the current switching ratio to over 10⁴ and markedly reducing threshold voltage fluctuation. Under voltage bias， the device can simulate biological neuron characteristics such as integrate-and-fire behavior， self-leakage， and refractory periods， with ignition timing controllable via voltage pulse amplitude. Furthermore， irradiation with 365 nm ultraviolet light further reduces the threshold voltage and shortens the ignition time of the device. Leveraging the opto-electrical co-regulation properties of the device， a 64×64 memristor array was constructed to successfully achieve feature extraction and sharpening of optical input trajectories. This research provides an effective strategy for advancing neuromorphic computing.关键词：memristors;ultra-thin Alumina;neuron;photoelectric co-regulation1383|492|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：This work developed a novel PUF fluorescent anti-counterfeiting strategy by using hexabromocyclododecane （HBCD） as the bromine source precursor. Under UVC ultraviolet lamp stimulation， HBCD undergoes bond cleavage and dehalogenation to release Br⁻ ions， driving the in-situ formation of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals. In this anti-counterfeiting system， polymer cavities generated via PS/PEG phase separation serve as the microscopic cryptographic keys within the PUF fluorescent label， while KSiF₄∶Mn⁴⁺ （KSF） phosphor act as positional references within the cavities. This design enables an organic integration of macroscopic patterns with microstructural features： （1） macroscopically， the label remains invisible under daylight， yet exhibits a distinct green fluorescent pattern under 365 nm UV excitation； （2） microscopically， the PUF key-comprising randomly distributed polymer pores and uniquely positioned KSF crystals—can be directly observed using smart electronic devices equipped with portable macro lenses. The stochastic microstructure formed by the incompatibility-driven phase separation between PS and PEG imparts an exceptionally high level of security to the label， effectively addressing the vulnerability of conventional static fluorescent anti-counterfeiting tags to counterfeiting.关键词：CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals;anti-counterfeiting;PUF;Light driven2112|525|0更新时间：2026-04-14
- 摘要：Green fluorescent carbon quantum dots （Green fluorescent carbon dots， G-CDs） were successfully synthesized via an ethanol-based solvothermal method using o-phenylenediamine and malonic acid as precursors. The structural properties of the G-CDs， the recognition mechanism toward doxycycline hydrochloride （DOX）， and their photocatalytic degradation performance were systematically investigated through transmission electron microscopy， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy， and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that G-CDs exhibit excellent fluorescence properties， with a high fluorescence quantum yield of up to 87.12%， and demonstrate strong resistance to interference from various ions and other non-tetracycline contaminants. Based on the photo-induced electron transfer mechanism， G-CDs undergo fluorescence quenching upon interaction with DOX， enabling specific detection of DOX in real water samples. A strong linear correlation between fluorescence intensity and DOX concentration was observed within the range of 0-100 μmol/L， with a low detection limit of 91.92 nmol/L. Furthermore， the photocatalytic degradation of DOX by G-CDs exhibits a significant ethanol solvent effect， achieving a maximum degradation rate of 76.06%. It maintains a degradation rate of 62.38% after four consecutive cycles， demonstrating good recyclability. This study presents a bifunctional fluorescent sensing material that combines a low detection limit with high photocatalytic efficiency， featuring ethanol-dependent degradation behavior. These findings provide new insights into the design of multifunctional materials for antibiotic pollution control and highlight the potential application of such systems in environmental monitoring and remediation.关键词：carbon quantum dots;doxycycline hydrochloride;specific recognition;photocatalytic degradation;solvent effect1249|310|0更新时间：2026-04-14
Luminescence Applications and Interdisciplinary Fields
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