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Recent Progress on Low-dimensional Perovskite Photodetectors
Invited Review | Updated：2021-06-18
|
Recent Progress on Low-dimensional Perovskite Photodetectors
- Chinese Journal of Luminescence Vol.42, Issue 6, (2021)
- Affiliations：College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing,China,401331;College of Optoeletronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing,China,400065;State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics and CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics(SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),Shanghai,China,201800;Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou,China,310024
- Author bio：
- Funds：National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975023;61925507;61875211;62005296;51775070);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB2200500);Guangdong Province International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Projects(2020A505100011);Guangdong Province International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Projects(XDB16030400);Program of Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0522);Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN201900515);Project of Chongqing Normal University Foundation(19XWB014;20XLB034)
- DOI：10.37188/CJL.20210033 CLC： O482.31;TN202
Published：01 June 2021，
Received：20 January 2021，
Revised：08 February 2021，
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Cite this article
Jie YANG, Ming-yu PI, Ding-ke ZHANG, et al. Recent Progress on Low-dimensional Perovskite Photodetectors. [J]. Chinese Journal of Luminescence 42(6):755-773(2021)
Jie YANG, Ming-yu PI, Ding-ke ZHANG, et al. Recent Progress on Low-dimensional Perovskite Photodetectors. [J]. Chinese Journal of Luminescence 42(6):755-773(2021) DOI： 10.37188/CJL.20210033.
Recent Progress on Low-dimensional Perovskite Photodetectors
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"data": "。然而，基于这些材料的光电探测器通常需要昂贵的、严格的工艺和操作条件，因而阻碍了其商业化应用。因此，寻找成本更加低廉、工艺更加简单的候选材料，进一步提高光电探测器的性能，降低成本，简化制作过程，具有重要意义。"
}
]
},
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿最早来源于1839年矿物学家Gustav Rose发现的CaTiO"
},
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"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "矿物结构，后来以俄罗斯地质学家L.A. Perovski的名字命名。通常情况下，钙钛矿具有"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "ABX"
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]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的化学通式，其中，"
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{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为一价有机/无机阳离子(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA"
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{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "),CH(NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2)2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-(FA"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "),Cs"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "等),"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "B"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为二价金属阳离子(Pb"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ",Sn"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2+"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ",Ge"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "等),"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为一价卤素阴离子(Cl"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ",Br"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ",I"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "等)"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "11",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R11",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "11"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "15",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R15",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "15"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R11",
"R12",
"R13",
"R14",
"R15"
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"text": "11-15",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。通过连接角共享的八面体["
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BX"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "来构建三维钙钛矿网络，同时"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "阳离子填充于8个八面体单元之间以平衡电荷，如"
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{
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"data": {
"text": "图1",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F1",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图1"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "所示。自2009年Miyasaka等首次将金属卤化物钙钛矿应用于敏化太阳能电池以来，短短几年内基于钙钛矿材料电池的效率从4%跃升至25%以上"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "16",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R16",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "16"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ","
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "17",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R17",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "17"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "19",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R19",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "19"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R17",
"R18",
"R19"
],
"text": "17-19",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。除此之外，金属卤化物钙钛矿由于低成本、溶液可加工性以及低温合成，在一系列光电器件中得到了广泛的应用，如光电探测器、发光二极管(LEDs)、晶体管和激光等"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "20",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R20",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "20"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "25",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R25",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "25"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R20",
"R21",
"R22",
"R23",
"R24",
"R25"
],
"text": "20-25",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
]
},
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"id": "F1",
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"label": [
{
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"data": "图1"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "三维钙钛矿晶体结构示意图"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.1"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Crystal structure diagram of three-dimensional perovskite"
}
]
}
],
"subcaption": [],
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"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "三维金属卤化物钙钛矿材料独特的晶体结构使其拥有众多奇特的化学和物理性质，并且基于三维钙钛矿材料的光电器件表现出优异的性能和低廉的制造成本"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
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"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "26",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R26",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "26"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "29",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R29",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "29"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R26",
"R27",
"R28",
"R29"
],
"text": "26-29",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。然而，三维钙钛矿材料在高温、高湿度以及光照下容易受到破坏"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
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"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "30",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R30",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "30"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "34",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R34",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "34"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R30",
"R31",
"R32",
"R33",
"R34"
],
"text": "30-34",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，所以长期稳定性差以及铅毒性是阻碍其走向实际应用的两个主要因素。为了克服这些问题，研究人员开发出大量新型低维钙钛矿材料，针对不同的器件配置将其加入活性层中，得到与三维钙钛矿相媲美的性能并表现出显著增强的温湿稳定性"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "35",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R35",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "35"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "37",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R37",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "37"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R35",
"R36",
"R37"
],
"text": "35-37",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。值得注意的是，这里所说的低维钙钛矿是根据八面体["
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BX"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的连通性划分的，一般分为二维(2D)钙钛矿、一维(1D)钙钛矿以及零维(0D)钙钛矿。由于价带顶和导带底主要由"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "B"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "和"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "离子贡献，这表明钙钛矿的能带以及独特的光电性质取决于 ["
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BX"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "八面体的连通性"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "38",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R38",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "38"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "43",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R43",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "43"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R38",
"R39",
"R40",
"R41",
"R42",
"R43"
],
"text": "38-43",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。研究表明，从二维钙钛矿中去除一个有机分子(如苯乙胺碘盐(PEAI))所需的能量要高于从三维钙钛矿中去除一个有机分子(如甲基碘化铵(MAI))所需能量，从而使有机分子的解吸率降低6个数量级"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "37",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R37",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "37"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。此外，一些无铅低维钙钛矿以及衍生物(如Sn、Cu、Bi基化合物)被提出作为解决铅毒性潜在的候选对象"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "44",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R44",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "44"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "47",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R47",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "47"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R44",
"R45",
"R46",
"R47"
],
"text": "44-47",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。最近，大量研究表明低维钙钛矿在解决光电探测器的稳定性以及铅毒性问题方面取得了显著的成就。本文综述了近年来低维钙钛矿材料光电探测器的研究进展，与传统的3D钙钛矿光电探测器相比，低维钙钛矿光电探测器的稳定性更强，毒性更低。并且低维钙钛矿的结构更加灵活，尤其是2D Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)钙钛矿材料，通过改变无机层的层数，可以有效调节其光学以及电学性能，且其无三维半导体在基底选择方面需要晶格适配的问题，对于构建新型光电子器件具有重要意义。本综述首先介绍了低维钙钛矿材料的晶体结构及其特征;其次讨论了用于表征器件性能的重要参数以及几种普遍使用的光电探测器的结构;随后概述了低维钙钛矿光电探测器的研究进展;最后对其目前面临的挑战进行阐述，并对低维钙钛矿光电探测器的未来前景进行了展望。"
}
]
}
]
},
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"title": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "2 低维钙钛矿材料结构及光电性能"
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"id": "s2"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "二维钙钛矿材料，包括RP相、Dion-Jacobson相和双钙钛矿相，因其独特的晶体结构特征和在能量相关领域的应用前景而引起了人们的广泛关注。其中，RP相钙钛矿具有更高的长期稳定性以及更优越的光电器件性能，这里我们主要针对二维RP钙钛矿进行介绍。二维钙钛矿材料通常是由较大的有机阳离子将三维钙钛矿沿特定的晶面进行剥落而得到的薄片和层"
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"data": "["
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"data": [
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"data": {
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"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R48",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "48"
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]
}
},
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"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "50",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R50",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "50"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R48",
"R49",
"R50"
],
"text": "48-50",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，其晶体结构如"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图2",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F2",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图2"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "所示。["
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BX"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "八面体在其拐角处通过分层或波纹板的形式相互结合，因其二维层状结构可以限制激子，故可使材料禁带宽度变大。这种钙钛矿是类似于K"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NiF"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "材料的RP型钙钛矿，一般公式为"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "'"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "B"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，其中"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A'"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为融入无机框架中的一价小阳离子，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "'为无机层之间的一价有机阳离子(通常是带有长烷基链的大配体，如C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " (NMA"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")、C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(PEA"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")或C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BA"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")等),"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "B"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为二价金属阳离子，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为卤素，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为绝缘有机层"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "'之间的金属卤化物层的数量"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "37",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R37",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "37"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ","
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "52",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R52",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "52"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "53",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R53",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "53"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R52",
"R53"
],
"text": "52-53",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=1代表单层二维钙钛矿，表现出很强的结构畸变和明显的量子约束效应。随着"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的增大，量子约束变弱，带隙减小，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=∞对应于三维钙钛矿。制备2D RP钙钛矿材料的方法有溶液旋涂法、气相合成法、机械剥离法、温度冷却法等。其中溶液旋涂法简单、成本低，特别是低温操作，是制备RP钙钛矿薄膜最常用的方法，即将金属卤化物和有机卤化物按一定化学计量比溶解在特定的溶剂中，然后将制备的前驱体旋涂于衬底上。在这种简单的技术中，首先通过离心力去除过量的前驱体溶液，使底物上的剩余溶液蒸发析出固体钙钛矿，退火后得到完全结晶的钙钛矿薄膜。在最近的几篇综述文章中可以找到其他制备2D RP钙钛矿材料的方法介绍"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "54",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R54",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "54"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "56",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R56",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "56"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R54",
"R55",
"R56"
],
"text": "54-56",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。大量研究表明，2D RP钙钛矿通过调节层厚或成分可实现带隙可调、载流子迁移率各向异性、优异的光吸收和发射性能以及较高的材料稳定性"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "57",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R57",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "57"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "59",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R59",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "59"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R57",
"R58",
"R59"
],
"text": "57-59",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。2016年，Kanatzidis等发现(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿材料表现出可调谐的带隙，这是由于钙钛矿间隔层的降维导致的量子限域效应"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "58",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R58",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "58"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。同年，Ma课题组报告了一系列2D钙钛矿(RNH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Br"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
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}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，通过改变维数"
},
{
"name": "italic",
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"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，实现了从深蓝色到亮绿色的可调发射"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
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"data": [
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"name": "xref",
"data": {
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}
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}
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "所示。与形貌上的金属卤化物钙钛矿一维纳米线不同，一维钙钛矿是在分子水平上具有一维结构的大块晶体。此前，大量的研究表明降低钙钛矿材料的结构维度将有利于自陷激子能级的产生，从而引起宽光谱发射"
},
{
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "60",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R60",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "60"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ","
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "64",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R64",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "64"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。根据这一理论，一维卤化物钙钛矿可能会成为制备高效白光发射材料的新星"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "65",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R65",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "65"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "66",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R66",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "66"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R65",
"R66"
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"text": "65-66",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。2017年，Ma等制备了Mn掺杂的一维钙钛矿C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "14"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，实现了显色指数和光致发光量子效率分别高达87和28%的宽光谱暖白光发射"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
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"data": "["
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{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "67",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R67",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "67"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。2018年，Dong课题组报道了一种新型的一维钙钛矿材料C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "14"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbCl"
},
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "68",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R68",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "68"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "，其中，有机阳离子"
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"data": "八面体组成的一维长链包裹并隔离，由此产生了强量子限域作用和自陷激子能级，实现了激发波长依赖的较宽光谱发射。因此，一维钙钛矿纳米材料是一种极具潜力的单组分白光材料，为研究宏观量子材料奠定了良好的基础。"
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"data": "一维钙钛矿晶体结构示意图"
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"data": "63"
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]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
]
},
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"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.3"
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],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Crystal structure diagram of one-dimensional perovskite"
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"text": "63",
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"data": "零维钙钛矿主要特点是 ["
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"data": "6"
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},
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"data": "八面体被有机或无机一价阳离子完全隔离，如同蜂窝里的蜜蜂，有序排列而互不影响，晶体结构如"
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"data": {
"text": "图4",
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},
{
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"data": "所示。早期报道的零维钙钛矿的化学式通常为"
},
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"data": "A"
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"data": "BX"
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"data": "6"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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"data": {
"text": "70",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R70",
"data": [
{
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"data": "70"
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}
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},
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"data": "，孤立的["
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"data": "BX"
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]
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"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
},
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4-"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "八面体使得零维钙钛矿具有独特和优异的光电性能"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "71",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R71",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "71"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "74",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R74",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "74"
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]
}
}
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"R72",
"R73",
"R74"
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"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
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"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。2017年， Mohammed等通过反向微乳液法制备了零维钙钛矿Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "纳米晶"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "74",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R74",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "74"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
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"data": "，并对其光学性能进行了详细的研究，其胶状溶液以及薄膜状态的PLQY分别高达65%和54%。同年，Ma等报道了一系列零维无铅钙钛矿(C"
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}
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},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
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{
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"data": "14"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
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"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sn"
},
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"data": [
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"data": "X"
}
]
},
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"data": [
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "("
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"data": [
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"data": "X"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=Br,I)单晶"
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"data": "，其光致发光量子产率高达95%，增强的发光机理主要是由于较大的激子结合能有效提高了其辐射复合效率。"
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"data": "Crystal structure diagram of zero-dimensional perovskite"
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"data": "总之，低维钙钛矿独特的结构在光电器件领域具有天然的优势:强激子局域效应引起的大斯托克斯位移使得发光自吸收和热猝灭得到有效降低;高激子结合能和有机阳离子的疏水性使其具有良好稳定性;单一发光材料的超宽光谱有利于获得纯白色的色度;并且，重金属Pb含量的降低减小了对环境的污染和破坏。因此，进一步展开对低维钙钛矿材料光电性能和器件应用的研究具有重要意义，同时为新型光电子材料以及光电器件的应用奠定了基础。"
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"data": [
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"data": "为了定量地测量和比较光电探测器的整体性能，一系列的参数被开发出来，以便对所报道的光电探测器的光电性能进行清晰和准确的比较。"
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"data": "开关比("
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"data": "I"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")表示一定光照强度、光波长以及偏置电压下的光电流("
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},
{
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"data": ")与暗电流("
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]
},
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")之比，主要取决于有源层的光电转换和电荷输运。为了增加开/关比，应该增加光电流和/或减少暗电流。确定开关比的前提，必须考虑到入射功率、波长和偏置电压。"
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"data": "信噪比(SNR)"
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"data": "K"
}
]
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"name": "sub",
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{
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"data": ":器件最低可检测辐射能量的强度主要由噪声决定，"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SNR"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "必须大于1，以便区分信号功率与噪声。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "噪声等效功率("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "P"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NE"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")定义为单位带宽中"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "K"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SNR"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=1所需的最小入射光功率，这说明在光电探测器中"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "P"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NE"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "越低，越容易检测到较弱的光信号。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "响应度("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "R"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")主要用于表征探测器对光信号的探测能力，定义为输出电信号与入射光功率的比值，即"
}
]
},
{
"name": "dispformula",
"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(2)"
}
],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
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"name": "math",
"data": {
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{
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"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF3"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "其中，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "P"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "S"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "分别为光电流、暗电流、入射光强度、器件有效面积。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "比探测率("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "D"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "*"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")是反应器件灵敏度的重要参数，定义为"
}
]
},
{
"name": "dispformula",
"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(3)"
}
],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "math",
"data": {
"graphicsData": {
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},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF4"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "其中，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "S"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为器件的有效面积，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "P"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NE"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为噪声等效功率，Δ"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "f"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为电频宽。如果光电探测器的噪声主要由散粒噪声引起，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "D"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "*"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "可以简化为"
}
]
},
{
"name": "dispformula",
"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(4)"
}
],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "math",
"data": {
"graphicsData": {
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}
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF5"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "显然，光电探测器的暗电流越低，探测微弱光信号的灵敏度就越高。此外，光电探测器还需要具有低缺陷密度和低热复合(发射)率的高质量半导体薄膜或晶体材料，以减少工作过程中的漏电流，从而可以同时获得较小的"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "外量子效率(EQE)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "η"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "EQE"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "定义为收集到的电子数与入射光子数的比值，即"
}
]
},
{
"name": "dispformula",
"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(5)"
}
],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "math",
"data": {
"graphicsData": {
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},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF6"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "其中，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "R"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为响应度，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "h"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为普朗克常量，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "c"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为光速，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "e"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为电子电荷，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "λ"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为入射光波长。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "响应速度反映了器件跟随光信号快速变化的能力，主要与电荷捕获/脱捕获以及复合过程密切相关。通常用上升/下降时间("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "r"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "f"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")来表征光电探测器的响应速度，定义为光响应从其峰值的10%/90%上升/下降到90%/10%所需的时间间隔。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "线性动态范围(LDR)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "P"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "LDR"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "定义为光电流或电压与入射光信号成线性关系的光功率范围，可以表示为"
}
]
},
{
"name": "dispformula",
"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(6)"
}
],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "math",
"data": {
"graphicsData": {
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},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF7"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "其中"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "max"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "min"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "分别为最大光电流和最小光电流。同时探测弱光以及强光信号需要较高的LDR。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "增益("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "G"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")定义为光生载流子寿命与载流子渡越两电极的时间之比。可以表示为"
}
]
},
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"data": {
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(7)"
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],
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
},
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"data": {
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},
{
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"data": " "
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " "
}
],
"id": "DF8"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "其中，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "τ"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "lifetime"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为大部分载流子寿命，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "τ"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "transit"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为载流子渡越两电极的时间，因此只有载流子寿命大于载流子渡越时间，光激发载流子在重组前才可以通过电极间距。"
}
]
}
]
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"data": {
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3.2 光电探测器结构"
}
],
"level": "2",
"id": "s3b"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "根据器件结构以及工作机制的不同，光电探测器可以分为光伏型、光电导型以及光电晶体管型光电探测器，如"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图5",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F5",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图5"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "所示。一般而言，由于光敏薄膜的厚度较薄，光伏型光电探测器以及垂直结构光电导型光电探测器的载流子的传播距离小，从而显示出较低的驱动电压和快速的时间响应。然而，其通常需要设计构造透明电极和精细的界面层等复杂且昂贵的制备工艺。与垂直结构光电导型光电探测器相比，具有有效的PN、PIN或肖特基结的光伏型光电探测器，由于结势垒的存在，光产生的电子空穴对很容易分离，然后转移到相反的电极上。器件通常具有较低的暗电流、较小的噪声等效功率和较大的线性动态范围。然而，它们的外部量子效率较低，低于100%，主要是因为具有阻挡/整流触点的光伏型光电探测器在反向偏压下，一个被吸收的光子最多只能产生一个电子-空穴对，不会有额外电荷注入。与垂直结构探测器相比，横向结构探测器由于其较大的电极间距，器件表现出较高的驱动电压以及较慢的响应速度，这可能导致相对较低的检出率和较窄的LDR。然而，由于光生电子-空穴在传输过程中存在不平衡，其中一种载流子被捕获，另一种继续移动，在外部电压下漂移和循环，直到与相反的载流子结合，因此横向结构探测器表现出高增益、较高的光电流以及高EQE(可以大于100%)。特别地，对于光电晶体管，它能够感知光照强度，从而改变发射极和集电极之间的电流。此外，通过栅极电压控制器件中的电场，可以有效分离光生电子空穴对。因此，与光伏型光电探测器相比，光电晶体管灵敏度较高。"
}
]
},
{
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"data": {
"id": "F5",
"caption": [
{
"lang": "zh",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图5"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿光电探测器结构示意图"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.5"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Architectures schematic of perovskite-based photodetectors"
}
]
}
],
"subcaption": [],
"note": [],
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"data": [
{
"name": "sectitle",
"data": {
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4 低维钙钛矿光电探测器"
}
],
"level": "1",
"id": "s4"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "铅卤钙钛矿是一种新型的光电材料，由于其光吸收系数大、载流子扩散长度长和载流子寿命长，被广泛应用于各种光电器件中"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "22",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R22",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "22"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ","
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "25",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R25",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "25"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ","
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "76",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R76",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "76"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。早在2014年，Xie等通过将钙钛矿前驱体溶液旋涂到具有ITO图案的柔性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)柔性基底上，首次设计了基于三维铅卤钙钛矿CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图6(a)~(b)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F6",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图6(a)~(b)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")，在多次弯曲后光电流没有明显的变化，表现出优异的灵活性和稳健性"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "77",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R77",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "77"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。与此同时，Yang等设计了“Glass/FTO/PEDOT∶PSS/CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/PCBM/HTLs/Al”型光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图6(c)~(e)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F6",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图6(c)~(e)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")，通过使用共轭聚合物(BCP和PFN)作为空穴运输层(HTLs)，器件表现出较低的噪声、较快的响应速度以及较高的比探测率"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "78",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R78",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "78"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。这一突破引发了人们对钙钛矿光电探测器的研究兴趣。经过灵活运用界面工程以及能带工程，在短短几年内，三维铅卤钙钛矿的光响应性能得到了极大的提升，并实现了具备大面积、环境稳定、柔性、超灵敏、宽光谱响应特征的光电探测器"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "blockXref",
"data": {
"data": [
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "79",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R79",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "79"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "80",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R80",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "80"
}
]
}
}
],
"rid": [
"R79",
"R80"
],
"text": "79-80",
"type": "bibr"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。至今，三维铅卤钙钛矿在高性能光电探测器中仍然占据主导地位，但长期温湿稳定性差以及环境不友好仍然是阻碍其实际应用的主要挑战。低维钙钛矿材料由于固有的稳定性和组成的多样性，其作为光敏层被广泛应用于光电探测器中，以克服在三维铅卤钙钛矿装置中的稳定性或毒性问题。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "fig",
"data": {
"id": "F6",
"caption": [
{
"lang": "zh",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图6"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)MAPbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "基光电探测器结构图;(b)在365 nm和780 nm光照下，柔性光电探测器在不同曲率下的"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "曲线"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "77",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R77",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "77"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(c)混合钙钛矿CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器结构图;(d)不同结构的CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
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"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器的电流-电压曲线;(e)不同暗电流下测得的暗电流噪声"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "78",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R78",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "78"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.6"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Schematic of the MAPbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-based photoconductor. (b)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " curves of the flexible hybrid photodetector when bent with different curvatures under 365 nm and 780 nm illumination, respectively"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "77",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R77",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "77"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (c)Device structure of the hybrid perovskite CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetector. (d)Current density-voltage curves of photodetectors with different structures. (e)Measured dark current noise at different dark currents"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "78",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R78",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "78"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "."
}
]
}
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"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4.1 低维钙钛矿光电探测器"
}
],
"level": "2",
"id": "s4a"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "低维卤化物钙钛矿由于其独特的光电性质以及比三维钙钛矿更高的稳定性，近年来在光电探测器方面得到了广泛的研究。2016年，Zhou等报道了三种不同层数的2D层状结构的钙钛矿材料:(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=1，单层钙钛矿),(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=2，两层钙钛矿)和(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "=3，三层钙钛矿)，如"
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图7(a)~(c)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F7",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图7(a)~(c)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。基于这些2D层状结构钙钛矿材料的光电探测器显示出可调谐的光响应以及较短的响应时间(毫秒)。特别地，基于三层2D钙钛矿材料的光电探测器在输出电流、响应率、光导率和响应时间等方面都优于其他两种材料，其开关比高达10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，主要归因于其具有更小的光学带隙和更紧凑的微观结构"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "81",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R81",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "81"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。相较于薄膜以及大块晶体，钙钛矿纳米线由于其各向异性和小尺寸效应而表现出独特的光电特性，其光生载流子沿其轴向高效传输，有利于改善光电探测器的电荷提取效率。2018年，Feng等利用2D层状钙钛矿(BA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶纳米线阵列制造出超灵敏的光电探测器"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "82",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R82",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "82"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。在一系列纳米线中，绝缘有机阳离子和导电无机框架沿纳米线层层组装，形成超晶格结构，使得晶体内部产生高电阻，在晶体边缘产生高导电性。利用这些结构，实现了响应率超过1.5×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、探测率超过7×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "15"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones的高性能光电探测，优异的器件性能来源于层状钙钛矿中自由载体边缘传导和电阻跳变屏障的高效组合。 这在当时报道的已知钙钛矿光电探测器中，是灵敏度最高的纳米线光电探测器，高出传统硅光电二极管检测器性能2~3个数量级。Fu等通过反溶剂辅助再结晶法制备了超薄尺寸的2D (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "((PPA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "))钙钛矿纳米片("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图7(d)~(f)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F7",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图7(d)~(f)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "83",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R83",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "83"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。基于高质量(PPA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿的光电探测器表现出了优异的性能，包括极低的暗电流(1.5 pA)、快速响应/恢复率(850 μs/780 μs)和高探测能力(1.2×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones)。2020年，Liu等研究了1D钙钛矿(DME)PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶的光响应性能"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "84",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R84",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "84"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。在20 V偏压下，光电探测器显示出较高的响应率(132.3 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")和增益(437.3)，以及较快的响应速度，器件的响应和恢复时间分别为105 ms和117 ms。此外，开关状态在多个周期内保持稳定的电流水平。然而，基于1D 钙钛矿光电探测器的响应度低于3D或2D钙钛矿结构，相对较低的响应度可能是由于1D钙钛矿材料较大的激子结合能导致载流子迁移率较低，或1D钙钛矿材料与电极之间接触较差，需要开展更多的研究来解决这一问题。"
}
]
},
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"id": "F7",
"caption": [
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"lang": "zh",
"label": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "图7"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)不同层状结构的2D钙钛矿材料示意图;(b)不同层状结构钙钛矿光电探测器在30 V偏压下的光电流-入射光强度曲线;(c)不同层状结构的钙钛矿光电探测器在不同电压下的"
},
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
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{
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"data": [
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"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "比"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "81",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R81",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "81"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(d)在515 nm光照下，(PPA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器在不同光功率密度下的(电流-电压)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Ⅰ-Ⅴ"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "曲线，插图:钙钛矿光电探测器的示意图;(e)比探测率与光功率密度之间的线性关系;(f)光电探测器的瞬态光响应"
},
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "83",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R83",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "83"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
]
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{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.7"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Schematics of different layer-structured 2D perovskite materials. (b)Photocurrent-incident light intensities curves under the bias of 30 V for different layer-structured perovskite photodetectors. (c)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
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{
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"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "ratio at different voltages for different layer-structured perovskite photodetectors"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "81",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R81",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "81"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
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}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (d)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Ⅰ-Ⅴ"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " curves of the fabricated (PPA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetectors under 515 nm illumination with different light power density. Inset: schematic diagram of the perovskite photodetector. (e)Linear relationship between the specific detectivity and light power density. (f)Transient photoresponse of the photodetector"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "83",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R83",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "83"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "."
}
]
}
],
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"note": [],
"graphics": [
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"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "尽管这些以铅为基础的混合材料具有卓越的半导体特性，但人们对其毒性的严重担忧已成为限制其大规模应用的绊脚石。为了消除钙钛矿光电器件中的有毒铅，一些无铅候选产品为钙钛矿光电探测应用提供了更环保的选择。无铅钙钛矿的开发是高性能光电器件的迫切需要。2017年，Chen等通过一步旋涂法制备了2D无铅钙钛矿(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "薄膜，并将其应用于光电探测器中("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图8(a)~(b)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F8",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图8(a)~(b)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "85",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R85",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "85"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。器件在可见光下表现出超高的响应率(1.9×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")。其开关比和EQE分别为100和(4.9×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")%。然而，尽管锡(Sn)基钙钛矿光电探测器表现出优异的性能，但是Sn"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "在空气中很容易被氧化成更稳定的Sn"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4+"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，从而限制了其商业化应用。最近，锑或铜基钙钛矿材料的出现解决了卤化铅钙钛矿有关的毒性问题。2018年，Pradhan等制备了环境稳定型的2D全无机Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿纳米线("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图8(c)~(f)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F8",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图8(c)~(f)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "86",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R86",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "86"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。基于Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "纳米线光电探测器表现出高灵敏度的光响应，其上升时间("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "r"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")/下降时间("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "t"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "f"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")、响应度、比探测率和EQE分别为0.13 s/0.23 s、3 616 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、1.25×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones和10959%。2020年，Tang课题组采用反溶剂辅助再结晶法制备了一种极其稳定的新型1D无铅钙钛矿CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "薄膜，并系统地研究了基于CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "薄膜深紫外光电探测器的光响应性能("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图8(g)~(h)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F8",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图8(g)~(h)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "87",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R87",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "87"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。器件表现出较好的恢复性和较高的开关比(~22)，其响应度、比探测率和外量子效率分别为22.1 mA·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、1.2×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "11"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones、10.3%。同年，Fang等通过反溶剂蒸气辅助法成功制备了高质量的1D CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶微米棒，并系统地研究了其光电探测性能("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图8(i)~(j)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F8",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图8(i)~(j)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "88",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R88",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "88"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。器件展示出稳定的紫外-可见宽带光响应(300~700 nm)、较高的响应度10.0~52.0 mA·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、比探测率(1.8~9.3)×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "和EQE(2.3%~19%)，以及快速的响应时间(0.19/14.7 ms)，优于报道的大多数全无机无铅钙钛矿光电探测器。此外，Luo等报道了一种基于0D无铅钙钛矿Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "晶体薄膜深紫外光探测器。结果表明，器件对波长为405 nm的可见光几乎不敏感，但对深紫外和紫外光照射均有明显的响应"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "62",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R62",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "62"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。其中，上升/下降时间为26.2 ms/49.9 ms,"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "比率可高达127，响应率为64.9 mA·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，比探测率为6.9×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "11"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones。类似上述低维铅基钙钛矿材料，较低的响应率可能是由于0D钙钛矿材料更高的激子结合能导致了电子-空穴对的分离。但其长期稳定性得到明显提升，0D无铅钙钛矿Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "器件在空气环境中储存一个月后仍能保持其光响应性，而稳定性是钙钛矿光电探测器商业化应用的重要影响因素。以上结果证实了低维钙钛矿光电探测器在未来的光电器件中具有很大的潜力。"
}
]
},
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"data": {
"id": "F8",
"caption": [
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"lang": "zh",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图8"
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],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿光电探测器示意图;(b)器件在蓝光照射下的开关比和光响应性与"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "g"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的关系"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "85",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R85",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "85"
}
]
}
},
{
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(c)Cs"
},
{
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器装置示意图;(d)在黑暗和光照射下，Cs"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器电流与电压的关系，插图显示了光学视场下的光电探测器;(e)~(f)光电探测器的光响应以及上升/下降时间"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "86",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R86",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "86"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(g)~(h)CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器的"
},
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"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
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]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "light"
}
]
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/I"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "比值和比探测率与光功率密度的关系"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "87",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R87",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "87"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
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"name": "text",
"data": ";(i)CsCu"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶光电探测器结构示意图;(j)光电探测器的响应度和比探测率与光波长的关系"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "88",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R88",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "88"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
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"data": "Fig.8"
}
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"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Schematic representation of (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "5"
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]
},
{
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"data": "C"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " perovskite photodetector. (b)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "g"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " dependent the light to dark current ratios and photoresponsivity for the device under blue light irradiation"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "85",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R85",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "85"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (c)Schematic representation of the Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetector device. (d)Current "
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{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "versus"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " voltage of Cs"
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"name": "sub",
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetector in dark and under light irradiation. Inset shows the photodetector under the optical image. (e)-(f)Photoresponse behavior and rise/fall time of photodetector "
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "86",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R86",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "86"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
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"data": ". (g)-(h)"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "text",
"data": "light"
}
]
},
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"data": "/I"
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]
},
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "dark"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " ratio and specific detectivity "
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "versus"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " the light density of the CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
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"data": "3"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetector, respectively"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "87",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R87",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "87"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
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"data": ". (i)Schematic diagram of the CsCu"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " single crystal photodetector. (j)Responsivity and specific detectivity "
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "versus"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " the light power density of the photodetector"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "88",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R88",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "88"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
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{
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"data": "."
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}
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"id": "s4b"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "由两种或两种以上具有不同功能的材料组成的异质结构有望表现出单一材料系统无法表现的物理现象，并能极大地扩展其在光电器件领域的应用功能"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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{
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"data": {
"data": [
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"data": {
"text": "89",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R89",
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"type": "bibr"
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"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。要充分发掘其潜在的应用，对异质结构的合理设计和可控合成是必不可少的。2019年，Wang等通过溶液法制备了(C"
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]
},
{
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"data": "PbI"
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"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "/(C"
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"data": "4"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
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"data": "(CH"
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶异质结构，具有厘米大小、高相纯度、可控制的厚度和结深度。高晶体质量以及高稳定性适用于窄带双频光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图9(a)~(b)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F9",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图9(a)~(b)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "91",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R91",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "91"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。窄带光电探测器拥有较强的颜色分辨能力，在医学传感、军事以及生物成像等方面具有重要作用。基于这种异质结构的光电探测器表现出低暗电流(~10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-12"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A)、高开关电流比(~10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")和较窄的双频带光谱响应。较高的光响应性能归因于异质结构的结晶质量高以及在平面外方向上的巨大电阻。除了二维钙钛矿异质结光电探测器之外，基于二维材料/钙钛矿异质结的光电探测器也得到广泛的研究，其结合了二维材料的高载流子迁移率和钙钛矿材料优越的光学性能，在具备同样甚至更高的探测性能的同时，其器件稳定性也得到了改善。2016年，Tan等首次制造了由石墨烯源漏电极和2D (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶组成的新型光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图9(c)~(e)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F9",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图9(c)~(e)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "92",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R92",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "92"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。对于单个晶体的器件制备，采用大面积单层石墨烯薄膜作为有效的覆盖层，保护这些二维钙钛矿晶体不被水或丙酮溶解，有效克服了二维钙钛矿晶体在溶剂中的不稳定性问题，且不影响二维钙钛矿晶体的光学性能。制备的光电导光电探测器表现出极低的暗电流(10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A)和较高的开/关电流比(10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")。通过设计石墨烯叉指电极来扩大有效吸收截面，2D钙钛矿探测器实现了高达2 100 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的光响应率。如此高效的光响应可能归因于2D钙钛矿晶体对石墨烯电极的强吸附以及载流子的收集增强。更多地，单层过渡金属硫族化合物(TMDs)具有与石墨烯相似的性质，且其直接带隙的性质弥补了石墨烯零带隙的缺陷，这为其在光电器件上的应用带来了巨大的潜力。2019年，Fu等设计了有机-无机杂化2D RP钙钛矿("
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BA"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "异质结构混合光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图9(f)~(g)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F9",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图9(f)~(g)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "93",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R93",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "93"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。相对于纯2D RP钙钛矿，该混合光电探测器的光响应度(10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A·W "
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")和比探测率(4×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones)分别提高了6个数量级和2个数量级，这表明钙钛矿和MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "界面上的电荷分离非常容易。研究结果将为二维钙钛矿光电子应用研究开辟一个新的领域。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "fig",
"data": {
"id": "F9",
"caption": [
{
"lang": "zh",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图9"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "异质结构光电探测器结构示意图;(b)异质结构器件在黑暗中和不同波长光照下的"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "曲线"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "91",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R91",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "91"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(c)~(d)带有石墨烯叉指式电极的2D (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "光电探测器结构示意图和SEM图像;(e)器件在黑暗和在不同强度的470 nm光照下的"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "曲线"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "92",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R92",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "92"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(f)~(g)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BA"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "和"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BA"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "异质结构光电探测器在不同漏极电压下的光响应度与光照强度的关系"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "93",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R93",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "93"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.9"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Schematic illustration of the (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/(C"
},
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(CH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " heterostructure photodetector. (b)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " curves of the heterostructural device in the dark and under light illumination with different wavelength "
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "91",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R91",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "91"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (c)-(d)Schematic illustration and SEM image of the 2D (C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbBr"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " photodetector with interdigital graphene electrodes. (e)"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " curves of the device in the dark and under 470 nm light illumination with different intensities"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
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},
{
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]
},
{
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"data": "I"
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},
{
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"data": "/MoS"
},
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " heterostructure photodetector "
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "versus"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " the illumination intensity at different drain voltages"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "93",
"type": "bibr",
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"data": [
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "基于环保型的理念，低维无铅钙钛矿异质结构光电探测器得到了广泛关注。Fang等首次报道了基于MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(n型)和无铅二维钙钛矿(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(p型)异质结构的光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图10(a)~(c)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F10",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图10(a)~(c)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "94",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R94",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "94"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。无铅2D钙钛矿(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "薄片从合成的大块单晶中剥离，并表现出p型行为。该异质结器件能够感应可见光和近红外波长范围内的可调谐响应峰。通过引入几层石墨烯薄片，可以进一步提高光电探测器的性能，3 V偏压下的光响应度为1 100 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。此外，其整流效果优异，整流比为500，响应速度快(34 ms/38 ms)，可与3D钙钛矿/2D材料光电探测器相媲美甚至更高。此外，在许多用于构建钙钛矿异质结的半导体材料中，氧化锌是一种很有前途的候选材料，因为它具有良好的光学和电学特性，包括较宽的直接带隙(3.37 eV)、大激子结合能(60 meV)、高载流子迁移率和出色的环境稳定性"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "95",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R95",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "95"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，在制备钙钛矿异质结光电探测器方面具有很大的潜力。2020年，Shao等制备了一种基于Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/ZnO异质结的高性能紫外-可见(UV-Vis)双带光电探测器"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "96",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R96",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "96"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。通过调节偏置电压的极性，光电探测器可以在两种工作模式之间切换:(1)紫外-可见光双波段检测模式，(2)可见-日盲紫外检测模式。在紫外区和可见光区均实现了较高的比探测率(1.39×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones和5.88×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "11"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones)。优异的光电探测性能源于异质结界面的有效电荷分离。2020年，Liang等首次报道了零维无铅钙钛矿Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "与一维Si纳米线的集成，实现了紫外增强的宽带光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图10(d)~(e)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F10",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图10(d)~(e)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "97",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R97",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "97"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。其中，Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "致密均匀地覆盖在Si纳米线的顶部和侧壁，形成以Si纳米线为生长模板和电子传输层、Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为紫外光敏材料和空穴传输层的核壳异质结构。器件实现了从深紫外到近红外区域的宽光谱响应“窗口”。在265 nm光照下，器件的光响应度为130 mA/W，响应速度低至92.5/189.2 μs。更重要的是，该光电探测器在空气环境中具有良好的稳定性。在60 ℃高温下可连续工作11 h以及在大气环境中保存两周，其光检测能力基本保持不变。此外，该设备被用作UV成像系统中的感测像素，获得了高分辨率的成像图案，结果表明零维无铅钙钛矿Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "可作为稳定的UV光电检测的环保替代品，在荧光检测、成像、紫外线光疗和生物传感等方面有着重要的应用。尽管基于低维无铅钙钛矿异质结构已被报道，但与基于铅的异质材料相比，它们的光电探测性能仍不令人满意，为进一步提高其性能，需要开展更多的相关研究工作。"
}
]
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"caption": [
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"label": [
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"name": "text",
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"data": "(a)石墨烯/(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
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{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
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]
},
{
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"data": "/MoS"
},
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"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/石墨烯器件示意图和SEM图像;(b)石墨烯/(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/石墨烯器件在不同偏压下的响应度;(c)零偏压下石墨烯/(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/石墨烯器件的瞬态响应"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "94",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R94",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "94"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(d)Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Si核壳纳米线异质结光电探测器的响应度和比探测度与光强度的关系，插图:器件示意图;(e)Cs"
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
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"name": "sub",
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
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"name": "sub",
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Si核壳纳米线异质结光电探测器分别在室温和60 ℃下的热稳定性测试"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "97",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R97",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "97"
}
]
}
},
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"data": "]"
}
]
},
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]
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"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Schematic illustration and SEM image of the graphene/(PEA)"
},
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}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/graphene device. (b)Responsivity of the graphene/(PEA)"
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},
{
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},
{
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"data": "/graphene device under different biases. (c)Transient response of the graphene/(PEA)"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "4"
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]
},
{
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"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
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{
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/graphene device at zero bias"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "94",
"type": "bibr",
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]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
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]
},
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"name": "text",
"data": ". (d)Responsivity and specific detectivity of the Cs"
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
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},
{
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"data": "I"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Si core/shell NWs heterojunction photodetector as a function of light intensity. Inset: schematic illustration of the device. (e)Thermal stability test of the Cs"
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]
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"data": "/Si core/shell NWs heterojunction photodetector over 11 h operation at RT and 60 ℃, respectively"
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"name": "sup",
"data": [
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"data": "["
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"type": "bibr",
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"title": [
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"data": "4.3 低维柔性钙钛矿光电探测器"
}
],
"level": "2",
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{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "与传统的基于刚性硅基板的光电探测器相比，柔性光电探测器由于耐用性、抗冲击、可弯曲、重量轻等优点，在可穿戴和便携式器件领域有更广泛的应用。幸运的是，钙钛矿可以通过溶液工艺进行制备，这使得它们有可能组装成轻便型柔性光电探测器。2018年，Liu等通过诱导结晶法制备了大面积柔性苯乙胺碘化铅(C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "C"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "H"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "NH"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "薄膜("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图11(a)~(b)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F11",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图11(a)~(b)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "98",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R98",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "98"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。超薄柔性单晶薄膜具有极低的缺陷密度、优越的均匀性和长期稳定性。利用超薄薄膜设计了一系列柔性光敏器件，其外量子效率高达26530%，响应率为98.17 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，比探测率高达1.62×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "15"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones。研究结果表明柔性二维层状(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶膜的成功生长和进一步利用，不仅提供了一种新的材料体系，而且为其在光电子学领域的应用开辟了一条道路。2019年，Dong等成功地将不同浓度的FA(FA=formamidinium)和Cs阳离子(即混合阳离子)掺入2D钙钛矿(i"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "BA"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "13"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "来调节薄膜质量"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "99",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R99",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "99"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。在聚酰亚胺上制备的准二维钙钛矿器件性能得到了进一步改善，其响应率、比探测率和响应速度分别高达400 mA·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "、1.68×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones和43 ms/22 ms。更重要的是，所获得的器件具有优异的机械柔性和耐久性，即使经过9 000次弯曲，光电流仍保持在初始值的82%。为了进一步提高低维柔性钙钛矿光电探测性能，2020年，Wei等利用一种简单的配体交换自旋涂层法，在柔性衬底上制备了2D钙钛矿(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/IGZO(氧化铟镓锌)异质结柔性光电探测器("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图11(c)~(d)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F11",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图11(c)~(d)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "100",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R100",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "100"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。在光照下，该器件表现出了优异的光响应特性(3.1×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "的响应率和5.1×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "16"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " Jones的比探测率)。此外，经过数百次弯曲循环后，器件仍具有优良的稳定性，并可在大气中长时间储存。这些结果充分说明了2D钙钛矿 (PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/IGZO光电晶体管为设计高灵敏度的下一代柔性光电探测器提供了一条合理的途径。然而，制备大规模、均匀、高质量的低成本钙钛矿光电探测器仍然是一个挑战。基于双电缆聚合物兼容的溶液处理能力、良好的能带排列和新颖的光电性能，Wang课题组构建了一种双电缆共轭聚合物SF-PBDTPBIOD/2D-RP钙钛矿异质结构横向柔性光电探测器"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "101",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R101",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "101"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。器件表现出较高的响应度27.06 A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "和开/关比1 379，以及较快的响应速度3.53/3.78 ms，且具有良好的空气稳定性。结果表明，双电缆共轭聚合物和二维钙钛矿的结合为未来柔性光电子器件的构建提供了一个有效的途径。2020年，Zhang等首次成功合成了新型手性无铅有机-无机杂化钙钛矿"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "G"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶("
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "图11(e)~(f)",
"type": "fig",
"rid": "F11",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "图11(e)~(f)"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "102",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R102",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "102"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "。密度泛函理论计算表明，N-2p占据的最高轨道主要源自氨基胍阳离子中的p-π共轭效应，这可能会促进电子的传输。特别是这些高质量的块状单晶易于剥落成大面积的薄层，并且与优化的薄膜相比，缺陷极少。结果表明，"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "G"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "钙钛矿光电探测器表现出显著的光响应性能，例如低缺陷密度、快速响应时间和较低的暗电流。不同弯曲角度下，器件表现出较好的机械柔性和光电性能。"
}
]
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"lang": "zh",
"label": [
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{
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"data": "(a)(PEA)"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
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}
]
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶薄膜柔性光电传感器的光电流以及响应度与光强度的关系;(b)(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
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{
"name": "text",
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "单晶薄膜柔性光电传感器的EQE和"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "D"
}
]
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "*"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "与光强度的关系"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "98",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R98",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "98"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ";(c)2D (PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
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{
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"data": [
{
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]
},
{
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"data": "+1"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/IGZO光电晶体管结构示意图;(d)对300次弯曲前后的红外信号进行编程、存储和删除"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "100",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R100",
"data": [
{
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"data": "100"
}
]
}
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{
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"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
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"data": ";(e)"
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{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "G"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "晶片光电探测器在不同弯曲角度下的"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "特性，插图:弯曲装置示意图以及"
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{
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},
{
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}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "晶片的照片;(f)在405 nm光照下，与波长有关的响应度"
},
{
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"data": [
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"data": "["
},
{
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"data": {
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"type": "bibr",
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{
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}
]
}
},
{
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}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "，插图:剥落的"
},
{
"name": "italic",
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{
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"data": "A"
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]
},
{
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{
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]
},
{
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},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
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]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "晶片光电探测器示意图。"
}
]
},
{
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"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Fig.11"
}
],
"title": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "(a)Photocurrent and responsivity for the (PEA)"
},
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"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " single-crystalline membrane flexible photosensors as a function of light intensity. (b)EQE and "
},
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "D"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "*"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " for the (PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "PbI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " single-crystalline membrane flexible photosensor as a function of light intensity"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "98",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R98",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "98"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (c)Schematic illustration of the (PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
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"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "Pb"
},
{
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"data": [
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
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"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/IGZO phototransistor. (d)Program, storage, and erase of the infrared signal before and after 300 bending cycles"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
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"data": {
"text": "100",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R100",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "100"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". (e)"
},
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"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I-V"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " characteristics of "
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{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
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"name": "text",
"data": "G"
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{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
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{
"name": "sub",
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"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
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{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " wafers photodetector under different bending angles. Inset: schematic illustration of the bending device and a photo of the "
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
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"data": "G"
},
{
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{
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"data": "3"
}
]
},
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"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " wafer. (f)Wavelength-dependent responsivity under a 405 nm light illumination"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "102",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R102",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "102"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ". Inset: schematic of the exfoliated "
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "A"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "G"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Bi"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": " wafers photodetector."
}
]
}
],
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"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "表1",
"type": "table",
"rid": "T1",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "表1"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "为近年来部分低维钙钛矿光电探测器的研究进展。虽然已经取得了大量的研究成果，但基于低维钙钛矿的光电探测器的研究仍处于起步阶段，特别是基于超薄、高定向单晶体或异质结的器件还需要进一步深入的探索。"
}
]
},
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"data": {
"id": "T1",
"caption": [
{
"lang": "zh",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "表1"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "低维钙钛矿光电探测器关键性能"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "en",
"label": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Tab.1"
}
],
"title": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Key performances of the low-dimensional perovskite PDs"
}
]
}
],
"note": [],
"table": [
{
"head": [
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
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"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Formula"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Device architecture"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Response speed"
}
]
},
{
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"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Responsibility/(A·W"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": ")"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Detectivity/Jones"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Stability"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Ref."
}
]
}
]
],
"body": [
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SA"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "FA"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Au/SA"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "FA"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "0.35/0.54 ms"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3.27"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "1.35 × 10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Underwater optical communication"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "103",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R103",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "103"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(BA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Au/(BA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "+1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "27.6/24.5 μs"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "1.5 × 10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7 × 10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "15"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "83",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R83",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "83"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Graphene/(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnI"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/MoS"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/graphene"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "34 ms"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "0.102"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "8.09 × 10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Negligible current degradation after continuous test for 1 000 s"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "94",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R94",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "94"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Ti/Pd/(PEA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "(MA)"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-Pb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "n"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "-1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/CNT/SiO"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Si"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "49/75 s"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2.0×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7.1×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "14"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "104",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R104",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "104"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Br"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Au/Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Sb"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Br"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "9"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "0.2/3.0 ms"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2.29"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3.77×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "No change after 20 cycles switching test"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "105",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R105",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "105"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Au/CsCu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "7/214 μs"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "32.3"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "1.89×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "No degradation after extreme bending for 1 000 cycles"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "106",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R106",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "106"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnCl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Br"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Au/Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "SnCl"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "6-"
},
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Br"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "italic",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "x"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "4.34 ms"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2.71×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "10"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "90% after 20 d in 60% RH"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "107",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R107",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "107"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
],
[
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "In/GaN-Cs"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "3"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "Cu"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "2"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "I"
},
{
"name": "sub",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "5"
}
]
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "/Au"
}
]
},
{
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"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "95/130 μs"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "0.28"
}
]
},
{
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"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "1.4×10"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "12"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "left",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "No change after storage for 1 month"
}
]
},
{
"colspan": "1",
"rowspan": "1",
"align": "center",
"style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;",
"data": [
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"data": "["
},
{
"name": "xref",
"data": {
"text": "108",
"type": "bibr",
"rid": "R108",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "108"
}
]
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"data": "]"
}
]
}
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"data": [
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"data": {
"title": [
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"name": "text",
"data": "5 总结与展望"
}
],
"level": "1",
"id": "s5"
}
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "随着三维钙钛矿光电子技术的快速发展，低维钙钛矿在环境稳定性方面的研究也在不断深入，通过调整维数和晶体结构，具有不同光电性质的低维钙钛矿有望为各种光电应用提供更多的可能性。此外，铅卤钙钛矿的铅毒性是阻碍其走向实际应用的另外一个重要因素。为了解决这一问题，人们提出了一系列无铅低维钙钛矿及其衍生物作为环境友好型光电器件的候选材料。本文综述了近年来低维钙钛矿在光电探测领域的报道。具体而言，首先介绍了几种纯低维钙钛矿光电探测器，器件表现出较好的光响应性能，这主要归因于其具有较高的载流子迁移率、长扩散长度和高稳定性。为了进一步提高器件性能，特别是光响应率和增益，低维钙钛矿与石墨烯、2D材料等功能材料集成，形成杂化异质结构光电探测器。这些混合光电探测器的光响应率和比探测率得到显著提高。最后，为了进一步了解钙钛矿的潜力，基于这些低成本和可溶解处理的钙钛矿材料柔性器件已经被制造和研究，证明了其优异的机械稳定性、卓越的弯曲耐久性，为便携设备提供了应用前景。"
}
]
},
{
"name": "p",
"data": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "然而，即使低维钙钛矿光电探测器已经表现出了卓越的性能和较好的稳定性，但仍迫切需要对器件工作机理、材料固有性质和复合动力学等进行更深层的研究，为进一步的器件优化提供有效的指导。同时，深入了解低维钙钛矿体系的结构-性质关系，对合理设计和精细操作钙钛矿体系的光电性质也有必要。此外，低维无铅钙钛矿和基于3D铅基钙钛矿在器件性能上仍存在较大差距，这进一步阻碍了最终的光学和电学性能及其光电应用。为了克服这一难题，今后的研究工作将集中在以下几个方面:首先，通过向低维无铅钙钛矿材料中加入少量铅，在不影响器件性能的前提下降低毒性是至关重要和有前景的;其次，着眼于器件工程方面，从活性层的形貌调控、器件结构设计入手，进一步提高器件的性能。我们相信，具有独特性质的低维钙钛矿材料在光电子器件以及光子器件领域有着光明的前景，通过充分了解这些材料的光物理以及进一步优化其性能，将会带来鼓舞人心的成果。"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"footnote": [],
"reflist": {
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"response": [],
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"acknowledgements": [],
"conflict": [],
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"articlemeta": {
"doi": "10.37188/CJL.20210033",
"clc": [
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"dc": [
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"data": "A"
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"publisherid": "1000-7032(2021)06-0755-19",
"citeme": [],
"fundinggroup": [
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"lang": "zh",
"text": [
{
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"data": "国家自然科学基金（61975023，61925507，61875211，62005296，51775070）;国家重点研发项目（2018YFB2200500）;广东省国际科技合作项目（2020A505100011）;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项B类（XDB16030400）;重庆市自然科学基金（cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0522）;重庆市教委科技项目（KJQN201900515）;重庆师范大学基金（19XWB014，20XLB034）资助项目"
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"text": [
{
"name": "text",
"data": "National Natural Science Foundation of China (61975023, 61925507, 61875211, 62005296, 51775070); National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB2200500); Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS (XDB16030400); Guangdong Province International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Projects (2020A505100011); Program of Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0522); Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJQN201900515); Project of Chongqing Normal University Foundation (19XWB014, 20XLB034)"
}
]
}
],
"history": {
"received": "2021-01-20",
"revised": "2021-02-08",
"ppub": "2021-06-01",
"opub": "2021-10-22"
},
"copyright": {
"data": [],
"year": "2021"
}
},
"appendix": [],
"type": "research-article",
"ethics": [],
"supplementary": [],
"journalTitle": "发光学报",
"issue": "06",
"volume": "42",
"originalSource": []
}
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