不同溶剂中CsPbBr₃钙钛矿纳米晶的制备及性能

{ "defaultlang": "zh", "titlegroup": { "articletitle": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同溶剂中CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的制备及性能" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Property of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Perovskite Nanocrystals Prepared in Different Solvents" } ] } ] }, "contribgroup": { "author": [ { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "方", "givenname": "骏", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "FANG", "givenname": "Jun", "namestyle": "western", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [ "first-author" ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "方骏(1998-), 男, 广东惠来人, 在读本科生, 主要从事纳米晶体材料的研究。E-mail:862157137@qq.com" ], "graphic": [], "data": [ [ { "name": "bold", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "方骏" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1998-), 男, 广东惠来人, 在读本科生, 主要从事纳米晶体材料的研究。E-mail:" }, { "name": "text", "data": "862157137@qq.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "862157137@qq.com", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "陈", "givenname": "泽廷", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "CHEN", "givenname": "Ze-ting", "namestyle": "western", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "沈", "givenname": "江荣", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "SHEN", "givenname": "Jiang-rong", "namestyle": "western", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "林", "givenname": "鹏程", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LIN", "givenname": "Peng-cheng", "namestyle": "western", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [ "corresp" ], "corresp": [ { "rid": "cor1", "lang": "en", "text": "LIN Peng-cheng, E-mail:pclin@gdut.edu.cn", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "LIN Peng-cheng, E-mail:pclin@gdut.edu.cn" } ] } ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "林鹏程(1987-), 男, 湖南常德人, 博士, 副教授, 2016年于东北大学获得博士学位, 主要从事微(纳)流控芯片设计、制造及在化学分析和材料制备中应用的研究。E-mail:pclin@gdut.edu.cn" ], "graphic": [], "data": [ [ { "name": "bold", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "林鹏程" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1987-), 男, 湖南常德人, 博士, 副教授, 2016年于东北大学获得博士学位, 主要从事微(纳)流控芯片设计、制造及在化学分析和材料制备中应用的研究。E-mail:" }, { "name": "text", "data": "pclin@gdut.edu.cn" } ] ] } ], "email": "pclin@gdut.edu.cn", "deceased": false } ], "aff": [ { "id": "aff1", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "", "text": "广东工业大学材料与能源学院 广东省功能软凝聚态物质重点实验室, 广东 广州 510006", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "广东工业大学材料与能源学院 广东省功能软凝聚态物质重点实验室, 广东 广州 510006" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "", "text": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Materials and Energy School, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Materials and Energy School, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China" } ] } ] } ] }, "abstracts": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "全无机钙钛矿纳米晶由于具有高量子产率、窄线宽和可见光全波段发光特性，在功能光学材料和光学器件等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文在室温下通过液相沉淀法制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶，研究了溶剂密度、极性和粘度对钙钛矿纳米晶的反应过程、晶体结构、微观形貌和光学性能的影响。结果表明，通过改变反应溶剂的密度可以实现CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶在反应器上部、下部以及整个液相中的生长。溶剂的极性越大，制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的结晶度越低、发光强度和稳定性越低。过高的溶剂粘度不利于高质量CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的制备。本文提出的多种溶剂下快速制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的方法有望进一步促进其在太阳能电池、激光器、光探测器以及发光二极管等领域的应用。" } ] } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "All inorganic perovskite nanocrystals have broad application prospects in functional optical materials and optical devices due to their high quantum yield, narrow line width and full band visible light emission characteristics. The effect of solvent density, polarity and viscosity on the reaction process, crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " perovskite nanocrystals was studied in this work. The results show that the growth of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " perovskite nanocrystals in the upper, lower and whole liquid phase of the reactor can be realized by changing the density of the reaction solvent. The higher the polarity of the solvent, the lower the crystallinity, the lower the luminescence intensity and stability. High solvent viscosity is not conducive to the preparation of high quality CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " perovskite nanocrystals. The method proposed in this paper is expected to further improve its application in solar cells, lasers, photodetectors and light-emitting diodes." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "液相沉淀法" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "溶剂" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿" } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "liquid-phase precipitation" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "solvent" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "perovskite" } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "引言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "量子点，又称半导体纳米晶，是一种粒径小且具有明显量子限域效应的半导体纳米材料。与传统的多色荧光粉相比，半导体纳米晶具有荧光光谱半峰宽窄、发射光谱宽、成本低等诸多优势，是一种极具吸引力的新型发光材料" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。然而，传统的Ⅱ-Ⅳ族半导体纳米晶的缺点在于：(1)材料制备的重复性差，尺寸分布不一，严重限制其发光特性；(2)材料尺寸小，纳米材料比表面积过大，从而产生了大量表面缺陷，影响了荧光量子产率。因此，迫切需要开发出新型半导体纳米晶材料" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "3", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b2", "b3" ], "text": "2-3", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "近几年来，由于全无机CsPb" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "X" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "X" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=Cl，Br，I)钙钛矿纳米晶具有高量子产率、窄线宽和可见光全波段发光等优异的光电性能，因而受到了研究者们的极大关注" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "4", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "6", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b4", "b5", "b6" ], "text": "4-6", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。CsPb" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "X" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶已经在太阳能电池" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "7", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "7" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b7", "b8", "b9", "b10" ], "text": "7-10", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、激光器" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b11", "b12", "b13" ], "text": "11-13", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、光探测器" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "14", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b14", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b14", "b15", "b16", "b17" ], "text": "14-17", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "以及发光二极管" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "21", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b21", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b18", "b19", "b20", "b21" ], "text": "18-21", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等光电领域具有十分广泛的应用。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "全无机钙钛矿纳米晶通常采用高温热注射法制备" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "22", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b22", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "22" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "27", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b27", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b22", "b23", "b24", "b25", "b26", "b27" ], "text": "22-27", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。然而，这种制备方法需要高温、惰性气体以及局部注射，严重阻碍了其大规模应用。近年来，陆续报道了其他制备方法来避免在高温下合成全无机钙钛矿纳米晶。2016年，Li等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "28", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b28", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "28" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "首先提出室温下采用过饱和结晶法制备全无机钙钛矿纳米晶。在典型的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "合成中，将PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和CsBr溶于二甲基甲酰胺或者二甲基亚砜中作为前驱体溶液，再加入油酸和油铵作为表面配体稳定前躯体溶液，随后在剧烈搅拌下将前驱体溶液快速加入甲苯中，几秒后便能制备得到高性能的全无机钙钛矿纳米晶。2019年，Wei等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "29", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b29", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "29" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "提出了在微流控芯片中制备全无机CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶，该反应过程在室温、流动状态下实现。2020年，Lin等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "30", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b30", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "30" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "进一步研究了室温下在微流控芯片中制备掺杂型的全无机CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶。采用上述这些合成方法在室温下不需要惰性气体保护也可以快速合成高性能的全无机钙钛矿纳米晶。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文在室温下通过液相沉淀法制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶，考察了溶剂密度、极性和粘度对钙钛矿纳米晶的反应过程、晶体结构、微观形貌和光学性能的影响。本文提出的多种溶剂中快速制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的方法有望进一步拓展其在太阳能电池、激光器、光探测器以及发光二极管等光电领域的应用。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "实验" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "材料" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2-1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "溴化铅(PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ")、溴化铯(CsBr)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、油酸、油铵、甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇、油酸山梨醇酯均购自阿拉丁试剂公司，均为分析纯，所有试剂无需进一步纯化即可直接使用。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "材料的合成" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2-2" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 1", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，本文采用室温下的液相沉淀法制备钙钛矿CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶。首先在超声辅助下将CsBr和PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "溶解于二甲基甲酰胺中，得到无色透明的离子溶液。然后在剧烈搅拌的条件下，将一定体积的上述离子溶液迅速加入到甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂中。由于Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、Pb" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和Br" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "在这些不良溶剂中难以有效溶解，这些离子将同步析出，形成钙钛矿CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶。反应方程式如下：" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "dispformula", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ], "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": " " }, { "name": "text", "data": " " }, { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888731&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888731&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888731&type=middle" } } } ], "id": "fgxb-41-11-1376-E1" } } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "合成CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶流程示意图" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Schematic diagram of the synthesis process of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " perovskite nanocrystals" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888732&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888732&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888732&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "在每一种不良溶剂的反应体系中，不良溶剂的体积固定为10 mL，含有Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、Pb" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和Br" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的离子溶液的体积分别是0.1，0.3，0.5 mL，其体积比为100，33.3，20。这样的高比例不良溶剂可以实现前驱体离子的充分析出和结晶，促进CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的生成。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "测试和表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2-3" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "使用数码相机(Canon，6D)拍摄小瓶中CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的数字图像。通过粉末衍射仪(Empyrean，PANalytical)，使用未过滤的CuKα辐射(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.154 06 nm)在45 kV和40 mA下获得CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的X射线衍射(XRD)数据。通过拍摄透射电子显微镜(TEM)图像，可以在JEOL JEM-2100 TEM上观察200 kV加速电压下CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的微观结构。使用UV-Vis-NIR光谱仪(Lengguang，UV-9000)测试吸收光谱。使用荧光光谱仪(HORIBA Scientific，Jobin Yvon)记录CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的荧光光谱。通过荧光显微镜(Mingmei，4X)获得CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "量子点的荧光图像。整个研究过程中的温度由Linkam加热和冷却阶段控制，速率为1 ℃·min" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "结果与讨论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 2", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示为不同溶剂中采用液相沉淀法制备得到的产物，日光下呈现淡黄色或者深黄色，在紫外光辐照下基本都呈现绿色。从图中可看出，CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在液相中的反应位置是不尽相同的。在甲苯、四氢呋喃和油酸山梨醇酯中，产物的荧光呈现在整个反应体系中，这是由于甲苯的密度与产物配体的密度接近。在二氯甲烷中，产物的荧光呈现在反应体系的上部分，这是由于二氯甲烷的密度比产物配体的密度大。在异丙醇和乙醇中，产物的荧光呈现在反应体系的下部分，这是由于异丙醇和乙醇的密度比产物配体的密度小。此外，随着离子溶液体积的增加，产物的荧光强度也随之增强，这是由生成的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的质量增加导致的。由于甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂的极性和粘度各不相同，CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的生长过程是有差异的" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "31", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b31", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "31" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "33", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b33", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "33" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b31", "b32", "b33" ], "text": "31-33", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。由于Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、Pb" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和Br" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等前驱体离子在甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃和乙醇中的溶解性是依次增强的，导致前驱体离子的析出程度逐渐减小，得到的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶也逐渐减少。需要特别指出的是，虽然Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、Pb" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和Br" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等前驱体离子在油酸山梨醇酯中的溶解性很低，有利于离子的析出和纳米晶的生成，但是其粘度太大，导致离子析出后的碰撞和结合受阻，同样不利于纳米晶的生成。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同溶剂中制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的荧光图片和日光下图片(激发波长365 nm)，样品分别在甲苯(a)、二氯甲烷(b)、异丙醇(c)、四氢呋喃(d)、乙醇(e)和油酸山梨醇酯(f)中制备。每一组的3个样品瓶中，前驱体离子溶液的体积从左到右分别是0.1，0.3，0.5 mL。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fluorescence pictures and sunlight pictures of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " nanocrystals prepared in different solvents(excitation wavelength 365 nm). The samples were prepared in toluene(a), methylene chloride(b), isopropanol(c), tetrahydrofuran(d), ethanol(e), and sorbitol oleate(f), respectively. In each group of three sample bottles, the volume of precursor ion solution is 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 mL respectively." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888733&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888733&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888733&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 3", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "是在甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的X射线衍射图谱。从图中可以看出，在不良溶剂甲苯和二氯甲烷中结晶析出的纳米晶具有很强的衍射峰，与标准X射线衍射图谱是匹配的。在异丙醇和四氢呋喃中结晶析出的纳米晶的衍射峰显著减弱。在乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯中结晶析出的纳米晶的衍射峰基本消失。说明钙钛矿CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "制备过程中反应溶剂对纳米晶的晶体结构具有重要影响，强极性溶剂和高粘度溶剂会抑制纳米晶的形成过程。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a) 不同溶剂中制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的X射线衍射图谱，样品分别在甲苯(Ⅰ)、二氯甲烷(Ⅱ)、异丙醇(Ⅲ)、四氢呋喃(Ⅳ)、乙醇(Ⅴ)和油酸山梨醇酯(Ⅵ)中制备(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL); (b)CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的标准X射线衍射图谱(PDF No.54-0752)。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)X-ray diffraction patterns of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " prepared in different solvents. The samples were prepared in toluene(Ⅰ), methylene chloride(Ⅱ), isopropanol(Ⅲ), tetrahydrofuran(Ⅳ), ethanol(Ⅴ) and sorbitol oleate(Ⅵ)(the volume of precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL). (b)Standard X-ray diffraction patterns of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " (PDF No.54-0752)." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888734&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888734&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888734&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 4", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "是在甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的透射电镜图。从图中可以看出，在甲苯中结晶析出的纳米晶具有清晰的晶粒结构，随着反应溶剂极性的增强，晶粒发生团聚，尺寸增大。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同溶剂中制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的透射电镜照片，样品分别在甲苯(a)、二氯甲烷(b)、异丙醇(c)、四氢呋喃(d)、乙醇(e)和油酸山梨醇酯(f)中制备(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL)，标尺10 nm。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Transmission electron micrographs of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " prepared in different solvents. The samples were prepared in toluene(a), dichloromethane(b), isopropanol(c), tetrahydrofuran(d), ethanol(e), and sorbitol oleate(f)(the volume of the precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL). The scale is 10 nm." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888735&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888735&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888735&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 5", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "是在甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂中制备的产物的吸收光谱。从图中可以看出，在甲苯、二氯甲烷和异丙醇中反应得到的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在509 nm附近存在特征吸收" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "34", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b34", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "34" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "35", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b35", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "35" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "b34", "b35" ], "text": "34-35", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。在四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等溶剂中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在该区域不存在明显的光吸收。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure5", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同溶剂中制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的可见吸收光谱，样品分别在甲苯(a)、二氯甲烷(b)、异丙醇(c)、四氢呋喃(d)、乙醇(e)和油酸山梨醇酯(f)中制备(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL)。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Visible absorption spectra of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " prepared in different solvents. The samples were prepared in toluene(a), methylene chloride(b), isopropanol(c), tetrahydrofuran(d), ethanol(e) and sorbitol oleate(f)(the volume of precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL)." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888736&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888736&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888736&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 6", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "是在甲苯、二氯甲烷、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙醇和油酸山梨醇酯等不良溶剂中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的荧光发射光谱。从图中可以看出，在甲苯、二氯甲烷和异丙醇中反应得到的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在537 nm处存在特征的荧光发射峰，在四氢呋喃和乙醇中反应得到的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶分别在532 nm和530 nm处存在特征的荧光发射峰。在油酸山梨醇酯中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在可见光区基本不存在荧光发射。荧光发射波长发生的蓝移现象可能是由于不同反应溶剂中制备的纳米晶的晶格结构发生变化引起的" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "36", "type": "bibr", "rid": "b36", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "36" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。此外，纳米晶的相对荧光强度随着反应溶剂极性的增强逐渐减弱。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure6", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同溶剂中制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的荧光光谱，样品分别在甲苯(a)、二氯甲烷(b)、异丙醇(c)、四氢呋喃(d)、乙醇(e)和油酸山梨醇酯(f)中制备(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL)。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fluorescence spectra of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " prepared in different solvents. The samples were prepared in toluene(a), dichloromethane(b), isopropanol(c), tetrahydrofuran(d), ethanol(e) and sorbitol oleate(f)(the volume of precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL)." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888737&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888737&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888737&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "为了比较在不同溶剂下制备的钙钛矿CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的稳定性，选取了在甲苯、异丙醇和乙醇中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶作为研究样本。将3个样品置于120 ℃的密闭空间中，每隔一段时间记录它们的荧光图片。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 7", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 7" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "、" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 8", "type": "fig", "rid": "Figure8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 8" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，在初始状态下，甲苯、异丙醇和乙醇中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的发光强度依次减弱。随着时间的推移，在甲苯和异丙醇中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的发光强度降低得很缓慢，在乙醇中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的发光强度降低得很快，CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶发光强度的降低主要取决于高温引起的晶体结构的变化。上述现象说明，在甲苯、异丙醇和乙醇中制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶的发光稳定性依次减弱。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure7", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在120 ℃下的荧光图像随时间的变化，样品分别在甲苯(a)、异丙醇(b)和乙醇(c)中制备(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL)，标尺100 μm。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fluorescence image of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " nanocrystals at 120 ℃ with time. The samples were prepared in toluene(a), isopropanol(b) and ethanol(c)(the volume of the precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL) respectively. The scale is 100 μm." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888738&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888738&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888738&type=middle" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "Figure8", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "纳米晶在120 ℃下的荧光强度随时间的变化(前驱体离子溶液的体积均为0.1 mL)" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig 8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fluorescence intensity of CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " nanocrystals at 120 ℃(the volume of the precursor ion solution is 0.1 mL)" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888739&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888739&type=small", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=3888739&type=middle" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "结论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s4" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文在室温下通过液相沉淀法制备了CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶，考察了溶剂密度、极性和粘度对钙钛矿纳米晶的反应过程、晶体结构、微观形貌和光学性能的影响。结果表明，通过改变反应溶剂的密度可以实现CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶在反应器上部、下部以及整个液相中的生长。溶剂的极性越大，制备的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的结晶度越低、发光强度和稳定性越低。过高的溶剂粘度不利于高质量CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的制备。本文提出的多种溶剂下快速制备CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿纳米晶的方法有望进一步拓展其在太阳能电池、激光器、光探测器以及发光二极管等领域的应用。" } ] } ] } ], "footnote": [], "reflist": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "参考文献" } ], "data": [ { "id": "b1", "label": "1", "citation": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "高小钦, 卓宁泽, 王海波, 等.半导体量子点在白光LED器件上的应用研究[J].物理学报, 2015, 64(13):137801-1-6." } ] }, { "lang": "en", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GAO X Q, ZHUO N Z, WANG H B, " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "et al" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ".. 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