强化载流子传输实现高亮度高效率的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管 增强出版

{ "defaultlang": "zh", "titlegroup": { "articletitle": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "强化载流子传输实现高亮度高效率的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Strengthening carrier transmission to achieve high brightness and high efficiency of perovskite quantum dot light emitting diodes" } ] } ] }, "contribgroup": { "author": [ { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "郑", "givenname": "金平", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "ZHENG", "givenname": "Jin-ping", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [ "first-author" ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "郑金平（1997－），男，贵州晴隆县人，硕士研究生，学生，福州大学，主要从事发光材料与器件的研究。E-mail： 1963013911@qq.com" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733602&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733604&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733603&type=", "width": "17.79483223", "height": "23.75445557", "fontsize": "" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "郑金平" }, { "name": "text", "data": "（1997－），男，贵州晴隆县人，硕士研究生，学生，福州大学，主要从事发光材料与器件的研究。E-mail： " }, { "name": "text", "data": "1963013911@qq.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "1963013911@qq.com", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "杨", "givenname": "开宇", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "YANG", "givenname": "Kai-yu", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "李", "givenname": "福山", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LI", "givenname": "Fu-shan", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "" } ], "role": [], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "李福山（1978－），男，福建莆田人，博士，研究员，福州大学，主要从事发光材料与器件的相关研究，发表SCI/EI收录论文100余篇，总引用次数超3000次。E-mail： fushanli@hotmail.com" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733605&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733607&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733606&type=", "width": "19.48944855", "height": "23.60784912", "fontsize": "" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "李福山" }, { "name": "text", "data": "（1978－），男，福建莆田人，博士，研究员，福州大学，主要从事发光材料与器件的相关研究，发表SCI/EI收录论文100余篇，总引用次数超3000次。E-mail： " }, { "name": "text", "data": "fushanli@hotmail.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "fushanli@hotmail.com", "deceased": false } ], "aff": [ { "id": "aff1", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": "福州大学 物理与信息工程学院，福建 福州 350108", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "福州大学 物理与信息工程学院，福建 福州 350108" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "text": "College of Physics and Information Engineering， Fuzhou University， Fuzhou， Fujian， China 350108", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "College of Physics and Information Engineering， Fuzhou University， Fuzhou， Fujian， China 350108" } ] } ] } ] }, "abstracts": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "金属卤化物钙钛矿量子点因其具有高光致发光量子产率、高色纯度、带隙可调等优良的光学性能，具备成为下一代发光显示材料的潜力。目前，红绿钙钛矿量子点发光二极管（PQLED）的电致发光效率已经达到有机发光二极管（OLED）的水平。然而，有机长链配体阻碍了电荷的传输，导致钙钛矿量子点发光二极管在最大外量子效率（EQE）下的亮度较低。为了实现钙钛矿量子点发光二极管在最大EQE下仍然具有较高的发光亮度，我们用无机配体CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "部分替换有机长链配体，强化PQLED中的载流子传输，并提升电致发光的载流子注入。同有机长链配体和有机短链配体相比，无机配体能够减缓有机链存在所造成的电绝缘性，改善QDs电导性，进一步增强QDs的发光特性。基于这种策略，我们实现了在3753 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " 高亮度下峰值EQE为10.57%的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。在6.6 V的工作电压下，PQLED的最大亮度高达116612 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " 。" } ] } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Metal halide perovskite quantum dots have the potential to become the next generation of luminescent display material because of their excellent optical properties such as high photoluminescence quantum yield， high color purity and adjustable band gap. At present， the electroluminescence efficiency of red-green perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diode （PQLED） has reached the level of organic light-emitting diodes （OLED）. However， organic long-chain ligands hinder charge transport， resulting in a lower brightness of perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes at maximum external quantum efficiency （EQE）. In order to realize that the perovskite QDs still has high luminescence brightness at the maximum EQE， we replaced the organic long-chain ligand with the inorganic ligand CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "， strengthened the carrier transmission in PQLED， and enhanced the electroluminescent carrier injection. Compared with organic long-chain ligand and organic short-chain ligand， inorganic ligand can slow down the electrical insulation caused by the existence of organic chains， improve the conductance of QDs， and further enhance the luminescence characteristics of QDs. Based on this strategy， we achieved perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes with a peak EQE of 10.57% at a high brightness of 3753 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ". At an operating voltage of 6.6 V， the maximum brightness of the PQLED is 116612 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "钙钛矿" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "高亮度" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "载流子传输" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "perovskite" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "high brightness" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "carrier transport" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1　引　　言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHPs）具有超高的色纯度、连续可调的发射波长范围和低成本的溶液制备等优势" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "6", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R1", "R2", "R3", "R4", "R5", "R6" ], "text": "1-6", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，因此有望成为下一代显示技术的关键性发光材料" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R5", "R6", "R7", "R8", "R9", "R10", "R11", "R12" ], "text": "5-12", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。在钙钛矿发光材料中，钙钛矿量子点因其独特的量子限域效应和接近100%的发光量子产率（PLQY），引起了大量研究人员的关注。目前为止，经过众多科研人员的探索，红绿钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的最大外量子效率均已突破23%" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "15", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R15", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R13", "R14", "R15" ], "text": "13-15", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，相对进展缓慢的蓝光钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的外量子效率也接近15%" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "16", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R16", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "16" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。为了提升钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的性能，研究者提出了多种策略，包括：（1）离子掺杂" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "；（2）光交联" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "；（3）表面配体工程" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "19", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R19", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "；（4）界面配体工程" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "20", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R20", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "20" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等，以实现钙钛矿量子点在未来显示应用中的潜力。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "然而，钙钛矿量子点虽然具备了优异的发光量子产率，但在合成中会引入大量的长链型有机配体。这些有机配体虽然具有钝化钙钛矿表面缺陷和保持量子点在正辛烷等非极性溶剂中稳定的双重作用" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "21", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R21", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，但在将钙钛矿量子点制备成发光二极管后，其表面存在的大量有机配体会形成电绝缘层，影响载流子的注入和传输效率" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "22", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R22", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "22" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ", " }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "23", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R23", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "23" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，不利于器件性能。为了获得高效的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管(QLED)，必须实现钙钛矿量子点薄膜高发光特性和有效的电输运特性的平衡。Wang" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "15", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R15", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等人通过原位无机配体稳定钙钛矿量子点，实现了最大外量子效率达24.4%的红光钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。Zhu" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "16", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R16", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "16" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等人通过实现QDs富溴表面态的策略，实现了最大外量子效率达14.6%的天蓝色钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。 Zeng" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等人通过无机配体替换有机配体的策略，极大地促进了钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的电荷注入，实现了最大EQE为16.48%的常温钙钛矿QLED。这些结果表明，引入合适的无机基短链配体有望在发光二极管中实现较高的电光转换效率。然而，在绝大多数的研究工作中，钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的最大外量子效率都是仅在几百cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的亮度下的得到。目前，很少有研究能够同时实现高亮度和高效率的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。要想在高亮度下获得发光器件的最大外量子效率，这意味着在不影响钙钛矿量子点的溶液稳定性的前提下，阻碍电荷传输的有机配体需要尽可能的少。因此，通过对钙钛矿量子点表面无机配体和有机配体的平衡管理，有望实现更具应用前景的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "在这项工作中，我们通过在合成中引入有利于电荷传输的无机短链配体CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2 " } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，实现了对钙钛矿量子点表面长链配体的替换，并基于此种策略实现了高亮度高效率的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。红外（FTIR）光谱和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）证明了CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "配体粘附在量子点（QDs）表面，而剩余的有机配体仍能使量子点具有较高的胶体墨水稳定性，以制备高质量的薄膜。同时，引入的金属溴化无机配体可以提供一个量子点表面的富Br环境，弥补量子点的Br空位，以增强其发光特性。此外，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的引入还能调控钙钛矿量子点的HOMO能级，降低载流子的注入势垒，从而实现高效的载流子传输和注入。基于此，我们实现了在3753 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的高亮度下得到10.57%的最大外量子效率。同时，器件在6.6V的电压下，获得了116612 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的最大亮度，这是常温钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的最大亮度之一。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2　实　　验" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.1　化学材料" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "(99.9%)、PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（99%）、Cs" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "CO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（99.9%）、OTAc（99%）、乙酸甲脒（FA(Ac)、99%）、二十二烷基二甲基溴化铵（DDAB）（98%）和四辛基溴化铵（TOAB）（98%）均购自阿拉丁。甲苯、丙酮、乙醇和乙酸乙酯均为分析级的，未经进一步纯化即可使用。PEDOT:PSS（聚（3,4-二苯（苯乙烯磺酸））、PTAA（聚（双（4-苯）（2,4,6-三甲基苯基）胺）和TPBi（1,3,5-Tris（1-苯基-1苯并咪唑-2基）苯）购自西安聚合物光技术公司（PLT）。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.2　量子点的合成和提纯" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "FA掺杂的CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs的合成和提纯：将0.5 mmol的Cs" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "CO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和5 mL的OTAc装入10 mL的小瓶中制备铯前驱体，将混合物在室温下搅拌至澄清。将1 mmol的FA(Ac)和5 mL的OTAc装入10 mL的小瓶中制备FA前驱体，将混合物在室温下搅拌至澄清。PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "前体溶液是通过以下方法制备：将1 mmol的PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和2 mmol的TOAB溶解在10 mL的甲苯中,将混合物在室温下搅拌至澄清。对于FA-CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs的合成，将0.15 mL FA" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的混合物和0.85 mL Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "前体的混合物混合均匀，随后将1.0 mL的混合溶液迅速加入到9 mL的PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-甲苯溶液中，在室温下磁力搅拌5分钟。随后，加入3 mL的DDAB溶液（在甲苯中10 mg/mL）溶液。7 min后，将乙酸乙酯以2:1的体积比加入到粗溶液中，离心后收集沉淀物，并将其分散在2 mL甲苯中。离心后单独收集沉淀物并分散在甲苯中。随后，4 mL的乙酸乙酯被加入到甲苯分散液中，离心后收集沉淀物，收集沉淀并重新分散在正辛烷中。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺杂的FA-CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs的合成和提纯：将0.15 mL FA" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的混合物和0.85 mL Cs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "前体的混合物混合均匀，随后将1.0 mL的混合溶液迅速加入到9 mL的PbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-甲苯溶液中，在室温下磁力搅拌5分钟。随后，加入3 mL的DDAB溶液（在甲苯中10 mg/mL）。2 min后，将摩尔比为1：2的CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和TOAB甲苯溶液加入QDs粗溶液中（以Pb" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为参考，最佳Ca" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "浓度为30%），搅拌5 min，使量子点钝化。搅拌5 min后，将乙酸乙酯加入粗溶液中，离心后分别收集沉淀，分散于2 mL甲苯中。离心后单独收集沉淀物并分散在甲苯中。随后，4 mL的乙酸乙酯被加入到甲苯分散液中，离心后收集沉淀物，收集沉淀并重新分散在正辛烷中。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.3　PQLED器件制备" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "氧化铟锡（ITO）基片用去离子水、丙酮和乙醇清洗20 min，同时使用紫外线臭氧处理15 min。过滤后的PEDOT:PSS 4083溶液(使用0.22 µm水系过滤器)和PTAA（氯苯，5 mg/ml）分别以4000 rpm和2000 rpm的速率逐层旋转涂覆在清洗后的ITO衬底上，时间为60 s。然后分别在140 ℃下退火15 min和在120 ℃下退火15 min。接下来，将基片转移到氮气手套箱中，将量子点发光层以3000 rpm的速率旋转涂层沉积60 s，然后在60 ℃退火10 min。最后，在≈2×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-4" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Pa的高真空下，通过热蒸发系统沉积TPBi( 40 nm）和LiF/Al电极（1 nm/100 nm）。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.4　材料表征和器件测试" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2d" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "对于所有的测量，所有的样品都在相同的条件下进行研究。采用紫外-可见光谱（Shimadzu，UV-3600）测量钙钛矿量子点的吸收，采用氙气分光光度500 W（Shimadzu，F4600）测试光致发光（PL）性能。特别是，样品是将20 µL制备的QDs墨水分散在2 mL己烷中进行吸收和PL测量。为了验证晶体结构的信息，我们使用了铜" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733609&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733608&type=", "width": "3.89466691", "height": "3.72533321", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "衍射（" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733611&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733610&type=", "width": "18.28800011", "height": "2.70933342", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）薄膜衍射（XRD，Rigaku，Ultima IV）。采用透射电镜（TEM，Tecnai G2F20 S-TWIN）对量子点进行微观表征，QDs的直径采用纳米测量软件进行测量。采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS，Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESCALAB-250）验证了QDs样品的表面化学状态，这些样品是通过将制备的QDs油墨旋涂在硅衬底上制备的。QLED的性能是通过Keithley 2400（应用直流偏置）和Keithley6485（测量电性能）获得的。利用荧光寿命测量系统（HORIBA科学公司），进行时间分辨光致发光（TRPL）测量，获得了QDs和CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化QDs的衰变寿命。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3　结果与讨论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.1　CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入前后钙钛矿量子点的微观结构和光学特性" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "a，我们通过借鉴Zeng" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "24", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R24", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "24" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的方案，合成了原始的Cs-FAPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs。为了进一步钝化钙钛矿QDs，我们引入短链配体CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，替换部分的有机长链配体，以实现更好电荷传输特性的钙钛矿QDs。我们利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析了原始量子点和CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的微观结构，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "b，c所示。两个样品均为立方体形状，原始量子点的平均尺寸为8 ± 1.5 nm，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的平均尺寸为8 ± 0.8 nm。与此同时，量子点和CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的吸收峰和PL峰几乎没有变化，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "d所示。插图为正辛烷中的QDs墨水和QDs在365 nm激发下的荧光照片，钙钛矿QDs显示出良好的溶液稳定性和光发射特性。这些结果表明，被CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的量子点与原始量子点具有几乎相同的形态。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "d中，两份量子点的吸收谱强度不一致，可能是由于吸收强度与物质浓度相关。虽然我们在测试QDs的吸收谱是尽量保证其浓度一致，但在具体的QDs浓度稀释过程中，不能严格保证QDs浓度一模一样，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "修饰QDs浓度稍低于原始QDs浓度。为了说明CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "对于钙钛矿量子点进一步的钝化作用，我们对两份量子点样品进行时间分辨光致发光谱（TRPL）测试，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "e所示。对TRPL数据采用二次指数拟合" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "25", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R25", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "25" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，可以看到原始量子点的PL寿命为59.83 ns，而CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的矿量子点PL寿命为81.47 ns。其中，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化QDs的快衰减寿命" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733613&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733612&type=", "width": "2.96333337", "height": "3.72533321", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为25.55 ns，慢衰减寿命" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733619&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733618&type=", "width": "2.96333337", "height": "3.72533321", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为99.20 ns；原始QDs的快衰减寿命" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733617&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733616&type=", "width": "2.96333337", "height": "3.72533321", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为17.49 ns，慢衰减寿命" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733619&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733618&type=", "width": "2.96333337", "height": "3.72533321", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为80.35 ns。这说明CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的矿量子点光激发激子的弛豫时间比原始量子点更长，因此CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "进一步钝化了钙钛矿量子点表面的缺陷，从而减少了非辐射复合。同时，我们对溶液状态的QDs进行了PLQY测试，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "f所示。原始QDs溶液的PLQY值为82%，改进QDs溶液的PLQY值为94%，也说明了CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "对QDs的进一步钝化作用。我们进一步将两种量子点样品旋涂成膜，测试钙钛矿量子点薄膜的PLQY，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "f所示。原始量子点的PLQY值为60%，钝化后的量子点PLQY值提升至64%，这表明CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点膜具有更好的辐射发光效率。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入前后钙钛矿量子点的微观结构和光学特性。（a）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "进一步钝化的钙钛矿量子点示意图。CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs最初用OTAc和DDAB封盖，掺杂后CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "部分取代了OTAc和DDAB的长配体。（b）原始量子点的透射电镜图像。（c）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化后量子点的透射电镜图像。（d）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的PL光谱与吸收谱。插图为正辛烷中的QDs墨水和QDs在365 nm激发下的荧光照片。（e）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的时间分辨光致发光谱（TRPL）。（f）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点溶液与薄膜的荧光发光量子产率（PLQY）。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Microstructure and optical properties of perovskite quantum dots before and after incorporation. （a） Schematic of perovskite quantum dots further passited by CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ". CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " QDs were initially capped with OTAc and DDAB， and further， CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " partially replaced the long ligands for OTAc and DDAB.（b） TEM images of the original quantum dot. （c） TEM images of CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " passivated quantum dots.（d） CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " The PL spectrum and absorption spectra of perovskite quantum dots before and after passivation. Inset shows ink of QDs in n-octane and fluorescence photos of QDs at 365 nm excitation.（e） CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Time-resolved photoluminescence spectrum （TRPL） of perovskite quantum dots before and after passivation. （f） CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Fluorescent luminescence quantum yield （PLQY） of perovskite quantum dot solution and thin film before and after passivation." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733620&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733622&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733621&type=", "width": "157.33232117", "height": "72.07246399", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.2　CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入钙钛矿量子点的证据" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "为了验证无机短链CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "配体对有机长链配体的替换，我们采用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对两种量子点进行了表征测试。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "a所示，我们可以看到掺有CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的钙钛矿量子点中（-C=O-）的拉伸模式（1720-1780 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）得到了明显的减弱，这意味着CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "替换了部分的OTAc配体。同样地，（-CH" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-）的拉伸模式（1445-1485 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）也得到了明显的减弱，意味着长链配体DDAB也被部分替换。为了提供CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "引入对于钙钛矿量子点影响的证据，我们进一步测试了X射线光电子能谱（XPS）。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "b所示，XPS的结果证实了量子点中存在CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，这可以通过量子点上Ca元素的出现观察到。我们推测CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "作为一种配体存在，吸附于量子点表面。如果Ca离子被嵌入CsPbBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3 " } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "QDs的晶格，量子点的X射线衍射（XRD）峰预计会向更高的方向移动。然而，掺杂前后量子点的XRD数据表明，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点的衍射峰与原始量子点的衍射峰一致，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "c所示。这说明Ca离子不能嵌入量子点的晶格，而只能作为配体存在于量子点表面。相比于原始量子点，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的量子点各个衍射峰的强度都更高，说明钙钛矿量子点的结晶度更好，使得钙钛矿量子点的晶相更完美，这与Yao" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "26", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R26", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "26" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的研究结果类似。我们进一步通过XPS研究了CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "对钙钛矿量子点中Pb和Br的影响，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "d，e所示。CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的Pb的4f能谱往更小结合能方向移动，从142.60 eV和137.80 eV移动到142.50 eV和137.60 eV；同样地，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的Br的3d能谱也往更小结合能方向移动，从68.70 eV和67.70 eV移动到68.50 eV和67.50 eV。这些结果证明了CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "与钙钛矿表面形成了有效的结合。通过XPS的元素分析，还可以看到引入的CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "配体会使得量子点处于一个富Br的环境，弥补量子点的Br空位缺陷，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "f所示。这也进一步解释了掺CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "量子点光致发光性能提高的原因。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入钙钛矿量子点的证据。（a）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的红外吸收光谱（FTIR）。（b）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的Ca元素能谱。（c）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的X射线多晶衍射谱（XRD）。（d）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点中Pb元素的能谱变化。（e）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点中Br元素的能谱变化。（f）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的Br/Pb原子比。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Evidence for CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " incorporation of perovskite quantum dots. （a） Infrared absorption spectra （FTIR） of perovskite quantum dots before and after CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " passivation. （b） The Ca elemental energy spectrum of CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2 " } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "passivated quantum dots. （c） X-ray polycrystalline diffraction （XRD） spectra of perovskite quantum dots before and after CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " passivation.（d） Energy spectra of Pb elements in CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " quantum dots before and after CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " passivation. （e） Energy spectra of Br elements in CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " quantum dots before and after passivation. （f） Br/Pb atomic ratio in CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " quantum dots before and after passivation." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733623&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733625&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733624&type=", "width": "158.82873535", "height": "85.56994629", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入前后钙钛矿量子点的电学特性。（a，b）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，钙钛矿量子点的UPS谱，验证钝化量子点HOMO能级的提升。（c）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化前后，电致器件的电流密度。（d）CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化后，钙钛矿量子点的载流子传输增强的示意图。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Electrical properties of the perovskite quantum dots before and after incorporation.（a，b） CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " The UPS spectrum of perovskite quantum dots before and after passivation to verify the HOMO level increase of passivation quantum dots.（c） Current density of the electrogenic devices before and after CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " passivation.（d） CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Schematic diagram of the enhanced charge carriers of the perovskite quantum dots after passivation." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733626&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733628&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733627&type=", "width": "130.63702393", "height": "91.97904205", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。（a）PQLED器件示意图。（b）PQLED横截面透射电镜图像。（c）PQLED器件的电致发光光谱（EL）。（d）PQLED器件的电流-电压-亮度曲线。（e）PQLED器件的外量子效率-电流密度曲线。（f）PQLED器件的电流效率-电流密度曲线。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Passivated perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes. （a） Schematic diagram of a multilayer perovskite QLED device. （b） Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy image， showing the multilayer PQLED device with significant contrast.（c） Electroluminescence spectrum （EL） of PQLED devices. （d） Current-voltage luminance curves of PQLED devices. （e） The external quantum efficiency-current density curve of PQLED devices. （f） Current efficiency-current density curves of PQLED devices." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733629&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733631&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733630&type=", "width": "146.26199341", "height": "71.86100006", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.3　CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "掺入前后钙钛矿量子点的电学特性" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "研究表明，通过降低载流子的注入势垒" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "27", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R27", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "可以实现PQLED中载流子传输和注入的增强。为了研究QDs层与空穴传输层（HTL）间注入势垒的变化，我们对原始量子点和CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的量子点进行了紫外光电子能谱（UPS）测试。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "a，b所示，通过等式" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "28", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R28", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "28" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "VBM=-(21.2-E" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "cut off" } ] }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "math": "", "graphicsData": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733633&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=40733632&type=", "width": "16.00200081", "height": "4.57200003", "fontsize": "" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，我们能够计算出VBM" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=6.62 eV，VBM" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=6.54 eV（此处VBM" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "定义为原始量子点的HOMO能级，VBM" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "定义为CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点的HOMO能级）。由此可知，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点的HOMO能级与钝化前相比提升了0.08 eV，和PTAA之间的HOMO能级差变小。这说明CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的引入能调控钙钛矿量子点的HOMO能级，降低载流子的注入势垒，从而实现高效的载流子注入。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "c，从PQLED器件的J-V曲线可以进一步看出，短链配体对长链配体的替换能够增强钙钛矿量子点的电荷传输能力，从而实现了更有效的载流子传输。对于" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "c中，在器件启亮前，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "修饰QDs器件电流密度低于原始QDs器件的电流密度。我们推测，在测试器件的电学性能时，由于提供了-0.6V的反向偏置电压，造成了QDs层的充电状态。此种情况下，电荷传输能力越强的QDs层的充电电荷更多。当提供正向偏置电压时，QDs的充电状态阻碍了正向电流的传输，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "修饰QDs器件的阻碍作用更高大。在器件启亮后，QDs层的充电影响消失，器件的电荷传输恢复正常。由此，我们给出了引入CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化钙钛矿QDs后，实现高效的载流子传输和注入的原理示意图，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "d所示。通过短链无机配体CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "替换对载流子传输不利的有机长链配体，我们实现了降低QDs发射层与HTL层的注入势垒和增强载流子传输的双重效果，得到了更有利于载流子传输和注入的QDs发光层。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.4　CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的电致发光性能分析" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3d" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "我们的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管采用了ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PTAA/QDs/TPBi/LiF/Al的器件结构，功能层厚度分别为PEDOT:PSS（22 nm）、PTAA(20 nm)、QD（21 nm）、TPBi（68 nm）、LiF/Al（1/100 nm)。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "a为PQLED的器件示意图，" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "b为PQLED器件的横截面扫描电镜图，可以看到器件的不同层之间具有明显的区分度。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "c是PQLED的EL光谱，两个器件的EL峰均位于518 nm，原始器件的EL光谱的半峰宽为19.8 nm，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化器件EL光谱的半峰宽为18.8 nm，与前文TEM的测试结果相对应。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "d为原始量子点与CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点器件的电流-电压-亮度曲线，可以看到CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化量子点发光二极管的开启电压降低了0.1 V左右。这可以归因于量子点HOMO能级的提升，减小了载流子的注入势垒，从而使得PQLED能够在更低的驱动电压下启亮。在同样的工作电压下，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化PQLED的电流密度更大，这可以归因于短链配体对长链配体的替换和载流子注入势垒的降低。而在同样的工作电压下， CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的PQLED亮度更高，则主要得益于钝化后量子点缺陷的减少，使得辐射复合发光的几率增大。CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "钝化的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管在6.6 V的工作电压下，得到了116612 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的最大亮度，而对照器件的亮度仅为50861 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "e，f所示，对照组器件在2800 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的亮度下，其峰值EQE为7%，相应电流效率为20.04 cd/A；而我们的策略实现了在3753 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的高亮度下，器件的峰值EQE达到10.57%，相应的电流效率为37.15 cd/A。与对照器件相比，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "配体钝化钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的整体性能实现了50%左右的提升。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4　结　　论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s4" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "在本文的工作中，我们在钙钛矿量子点的合成过程中引入了无机配体CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，通过减少有机长链配体和降低载流子的注入势垒来增强钙钛矿量子点在QLED中的电荷传输能力。同时，CaBr" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的引入使得量子点表面局部形成富Br环境，进一步钝化缺陷并提升了辐射复合发光效率。我们的策略成功实现了更低的开启电压和更高效的载流子传输和注入，从而得到了最大亮度超过110000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和在3753 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的高亮度下峰值EQE为10.57%的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管。目前，在钙钛矿量子点发光二极管的研究工作中，少有工作能够同时实现高亮度下的高效率发光。因此，我们的工作对于同时实现高亮度和高效率的钙钛矿量子点发光二极管具有借鉴意义。" } ] } ] } ], "footnote": [], "reflist": { "title": [ { "name": 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