浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
华中科技大学 武汉光电国家研究中心, 湖北 武汉 430074
[ "赵新月(1998-),女,湖北枣阳人,硕士研究生,2020于湖南科技大学获得学士学位,主要从事少模掺铒放大光纤的研究。 E-mail: zxy_27@hust.edu.cn" ]
[ "李进延(1972-),男,青海西宁人,博士,教授,2001年于中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所获得博士学位,主要从事掺稀土光纤、光子晶体光纤等特种光纤、光纤激光器和光纤传感等领域的研究。 E-mail: ljy@hust.edu.cn" ]
纸质出版日期:2022-12-05,
收稿日期:2022-06-23,
修回日期:2022-07-09,
移动端阅览
赵新月,邱强,褚应波等.少模掺铒光纤及其放大器研究进展[J].发光学报,2022,43(12):1915-1927.
ZHAO Xin-yue,QIU Qiang,CHU Ying-bo,et al.Research Progress on Few-mode Erbium-doped Fiber and Its Corresponding Amplifier[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(12):1915-1927.
赵新月,邱强,褚应波等.少模掺铒光纤及其放大器研究进展[J].发光学报,2022,43(12):1915-1927. DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20220246.
ZHAO Xin-yue,QIU Qiang,CHU Ying-bo,et al.Research Progress on Few-mode Erbium-doped Fiber and Its Corresponding Amplifier[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(12):1915-1927. DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20220246.
基于少模和多芯光纤的空分复用技术被认为是未来大幅提高单根光纤数据传输容量最重要的技术之一。采用少模光纤的空分复用技术要实现长距离传输,少模掺铒光纤放大器(Few⁃mode erbium⁃doped fiber amplifier,FM⁃EDFA)是补偿光纤传输损耗的关键器件,而少模掺铒光纤决定了FM⁃EDFA的性能。相对于单模掺铒光纤而言,少模掺铒光纤除了有增益、带宽、噪声等基本指标之外,还有一个独特的指标——差分模态增益。高差分模态增益会导致系统中断概率的提升,因此在少模掺铒光纤放大器中最小化差分模态增益以保持信号质量至关重要。本文系统阐述了差分模态增益的产生机理及改善策略,总结了少模掺铒光纤的不同设计,对比了采用不同设计及基于不同泵浦方式的少模掺铒放大光纤的性能特点,并对少模掺铒光纤的放大性能研究做出了展望。
Space division multiplexing technology based on few-mode fiber(FMF) and multi-core fiber is considered to be one of the most important technologies to greatly improve the data transmission capacity of a single fiber in the future. If we want to employ FMF in space division multiplexing to realize a long-haul transmission system, few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers(FM-EDFAs) will be a key block to compensate for the fiber transmission loss while its performance is determined by few-mode erbium-doped fiber(FM-EDF). In addition to fundamental indexes like gain, bandwidth and noise figure, few-mode erbium-doped fiber has a unique index—differential modal gain(DMG) compared with the single-mode erbium-doped fiber. Minimizing DMG to maintain signal quality is critical in FM-EDFAs as the high differential modal gain can improve the potential for system outage. In this paper, the generation mechanism and improvement strategies of differential modal gain are systematically described, the different designs of FM-EDF are summarized, the performance characteristics of FM-EDF based on different pumping methods and different designs are compared, and the research on the performance of FM-EDF is prospected.
少模掺铒光纤少模掺铒光纤放大器增益差分模态增益包层泵浦纤芯泵浦
few-mode erbium-doped fiberfew-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiergaindifferential modal gaincladding-pumpedcore-pumped
ESSIAMBRE R J, MECOZZI A. Capacity limits in single-mode fiber and scaling for spatial multiplexing [C]. 2012 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2012: 1-3.
赵清华. 少模掺铒光纤放大器增益均衡的研究 [D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2016.
ZHAO Q H. Research in Gain Equalization of Few Mode Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2016. (in Chinese)
LI G F, BAI N, ZHAO N B, et al. Space-division multiplexing: the next frontier in optical communication [J]. Adv. Opt. Photonics, 2014, 6(4): 413-487.
DU J B, SHEN W H, LIU J C, et al. Mode division multiplexing: from photonic integration to optical fiber transmission [Invited] [J]. Chin. Opt. Lett., 2021, 19(9): 091301-1-24.
衣永青, 田海生, 宁鼎. MCVD工艺沉积温度对有源光纤掺杂浓度的影响研究 [J]. 光通信技术, 2007(1): 60-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-5561.2007.01.020http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-5561.2007.01.020
YI Y Q, TIAN H S, NING D. Study of the influence of the deposition temperature by using the MCVD technique on the rare earth ion concentration of active fiber [J]. Opt. Commun. Technol., 2007(1): 60-61. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-5561.2007.01.020http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-5561.2007.01.020
JUNG Y, ALAM S, LI Z, et al. First demonstration and detailed characterization of a multimode amplifier for space division multiplexed transmission systems [J]. Opt. Express, 2011, 19(26): B952-B957.
IP E, LI M J, GU R Y, et al. Components for future optical networks based on few-mode fiber [C]. Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2013, Beijing, China, 2013: AW3G.3. doi: 10.1364/acp.2013.aw3g.3http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acp.2013.aw3g.3
HO K P, KAHN J M. Mode-dependent loss and gain: statistics and effect on mode-division multiplexing [J]. Opt. Express, 2011, 19(17): 16612-16635.
余哲, 徐祖应, 付松年. 空分复用传输用掺铒光纤研究进展 [J]. 邮电设计技术, 2018(6): 77-82. doi: 10.12045/issn1007-3043.2018.06.18http://dx.doi.org/10.12045/issn1007-3043.2018.06.18
YU Z, XU Z Y, FU S N. Review of erbium-doped fiber for space-division multiplexing transmisison [J]. Des. Techn. Posts Telecommun., 2018(6): 77-82. (in Chinese). doi: 10.12045/issn1007-3043.2018.06.18http://dx.doi.org/10.12045/issn1007-3043.2018.06.18
裴丽, 李祉祺, 王建帅, 等. 空分复用光纤放大器增益均衡技术研究进展 [J]. 光学学报, 2021, 41(1): 0106001-1-11. doi: 10.3788/aos202141.0106001http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.0106001
PEI L, LI Z Q, WANG J S, et al. Review on gain equalization technology of fiber amplifier using space division multiplexing [J]. Acta Opt. Sinica, 2021, 41(1): 0106001-1-11. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3788/aos202141.0106001http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.0106001
SALSI M, RYF R, LE COCQ G, et al. A six-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier [C]. European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication 2012, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2012: Th.3.A.6. doi: 10.1364/eceoc.2012.th.3.a.6http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/eceoc.2012.th.3.a.6
LE COCQ G, BIGOT L, LE ROUGE A, et al. Design and characterization of a multimode EDFA supporting 4 transverse mode groups for modal division multiplexed transmissions [C]. Proceedings of the 38th European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communications, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2012: Tu.3.F.4.
MATTE-BRETON C, CHEN H, FONTAINE N K, et al. Demonstration of an erbium-doped fiber with annular doping for low gain compression in cladding-pumped amplifiers [J]. Opt. Express, 2018, 26(20): 26633-26645. doi: 10.1364/OE.26.026633http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.026633
SALSI M, VUONG J, KOEBELE C, et al. In-line few-mode optical amplifier with erbium profile tuned to support LP01, LP11, and LP21 mode groups [C]. Proceedings of the 38th European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communications, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2012: Tu.3.F1.
KANG Q Y, LIM E L, JUNG Y, et al. Accurate modal gain control in a multimode erbium doped fiber amplifier incorporating ring doping and a simple LP01 pump configuration [J]. Opt. Express, 2012, 20(19): 20835-20843. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.020835http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.020835
LE COCQ G, BIGOT L, LE ROUGE A, et al. Modeling and characterization of a few-mode EDFA supporting four mode groups for mode division multiplexing [J]. Opt. Express, 2012, 20(24): 27051-27061.
KANG Q Y, LIM E, JUNG Y, et al. Design of four-mode erbium doped fiber amplifier with low differential modal gain for modal division multiplexed transmissions [C]. 2013 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Anaheim, CA, USA, 2013: 1-3.
YOUSSEF H A, EL-SAHN Z A, EL-ZOGHABI A A. Performance of few-mode EDFAs in optical space-division multiplexed communication systems [C]. 2014 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, Shanghai, China, 2014: ATh3A.81.
SALSI M. Challenges of few mode amplifiers [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2014, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014: Tu2D.2.
ANWAR N M, YOUSSEF H A, EL-SAHN Z A, et al. On the performance of few-mode EDFAs with bidirectional pumping [C]. 2016 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, Wuhan, China, 2016: 1-3.
ZHANG Z Z, MO Q, GUO C, et al. Gain equalized four mode groups erbium doped fiber amplifier with LP01 pump [C]. Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2016, Wuhan, China, 2016: ATh3B.5.
EZNAVEH Z S, FONTAINE N K, CHEN H, et al. Ultra-low DMG multimode EDFA [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2017, Los Angeles, California, United States, 2017: Th4A.4.
ZHANG Z Z, GUO C, CUI L, et al. 21 spatial mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier for mode division multiplexing transmission [J]. Opt. Lett., 2018, 43(7): 1550-1553.
WAKAYAMA Y, IGARASHI K, SOMA D, et al. Novel 6-mode fibre amplifier with large erbium-doped area for differential modal gain minimization [C]. Proceedings of the 42nd European Conference on Optical Communication, Dusseldorf, Germany, 2016: 1-3.
WADA M, SAKAMOTO T, AOZASA S, et al. Differential modal gain reduction of L-band 5-mode EDFA using EDF with center depressed core index [J]. J. Lightw. Technol., 2017, 35(4): 762-767.
ONO H, HOSOKAWA T, ICHII K, et al. 2-LP mode few-mode fiber amplifier employing ring-core erbium-doped fiber [J]. Opt. Express, 2015, 23 (21): 27405-27418.
WADA M, SAKAMOTO T, AOZASA S, et al. L-band 2-LP mode EDFA with low modal dependent gain [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Los Angeles, California, United States, 2015: Tu3C.3.
JUNG Y, LIM E L, KANG Q, et al. Cladding pumped few-mode EDFA for mode division multiplexed transmission [J]. Opt. Express, 2014, 22(23): 29008-29013.
IP E, LI M J, BENNETT K, et al. Experimental characterization of a ring-profile few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier enabling gain equalization [C]. 2013 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Anaheim, California, United States, 2013: JTh2A.18. doi: 10.1364/nfoec.2013.jth2a.18http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nfoec.2013.jth2a.18
JUNG Y M, KANG Q Y, SAHU J K, et al. Reconfigurable modal gain control of a few-mode EDFA supporting six spatial modes [J]. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 2014, 26(11): 1100-1103.
LOPEZ-GALMICHE G, EZNAVEH Z S, ANTONIO-LOPEZ J E, et al. Few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier with photonic lantern for pump spatial mode control [J]. Opt. Lett., 2016, 41(11): 2588-2591.
ZHANG Z Z, GUO C, CUI L, et al. All-fiber few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier supporting six spatial modes [J]. Chin. Opt. Lett., 2019, 17(10): 100604-1-5.
YAMASHITA Y, MATSUI T, WADA M, et al. Differential modal gain reduction using a void inscribed in a two-mode-erbium doped fiber [C]. 2020 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, San Diego, CA, USA, 2020: 1-3.
JAIN S, JUNG Y, MAY-SMITH T C, et al. Few-mode multi-element fiber amplifier for mode division multiplexing [J]. Opt. Express, 2014, 22(23): 29031-29036.
FONTAINE N K, HUANG B, EZNAVEH Z S, et al. Multi-mode optical fiber amplifier supporting over 10 spatial modes [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2016, Anaheim, California, United States, 2016: Th5A.4.
ZHANG Z Z, ZHAO Q H, ZHAO N B, et al. Gain equalization of few mode amplifiers using Er3+-doped fibers designed with a refraction index trench [C]. Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2015, Hong Kong, China,2015: ASu2A.53.
QIU Q, HE L, GU Z M, et al. Extended L-band few-mode Er/Yb co-doped fiber amplifier with a cladding-pumped pseudo-two-stage configuration [J]. Opt. Lett., 2022, 47(12): 2963-2966.
刘德明, 孙军强, 鲁平, 等. 光纤光学 [M]. 第3版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016.
LIU D M, SUN J Q, LU P, et al. Fiber Optics [M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Science Press, 2016. (in Chinese)
张振振. 少模掺铒光纤放大器的仿真研究 [D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2015.
ZHANG Z Z. The Simulation Research of Few⁃mode Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2015. (in Chinese)
蔡善勇. 空分复用光纤通信系统中模式转换关键技术研究 [D]. 北京: 北京邮电大学, 2017.
CAI S Y. Research on Mode Conversion for Space Division Multiplexing System [D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2017. (in Chinese)
LIM E L, KANG Q Y, GECEVICIUS M, et al. Vector mode effects in few moded erbium doped fiber amplifiers [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2013, Anaheim, California, United States, 2013: OTu3G.2.
李嘉强. C和L波段掺铒光纤放大器的研究 [D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2005.
LI J Q. Study on C⁃ and L⁃band Erbium⁃doped Fiber Amplifiers [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2005. (in Chinese)
GONG M L, YUAN Y Y, LI C, et al. Numerical modeling of transverse mode competition in strongly pumped multimode fiber lasers and amplifiers [J]. Opt. Express, 2007, 15(6): 3236-3246.
GILES C R, DESURVIRE E. Modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers [J]. J. Lightw. Technol., 1991, 9(2): 271-283.
GAUR A, RASTOGI V. Modal gain equalization of 18 modes using a single-trench ring-core EDFA [J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2018, 35(9): 2211-2216.
LE COCQ G, QUIQUEMPOIS Y, LE ROUGE A, et al. Few-mode Er3+-doped fiber with micro-structured core for mode division multiplexing in the C-band [J]. Opt. Express, 2013, 21(25): 31646-31659.
JUNG Y, KANG Q, SLEIFFER V A J M, et al. Three mode Er3+ ring-doped fiber amplifier for mode-division multiplexed transmission [J]. Opt. Express, 2013, 21(8): 10383-10392.
BIGOT L, TRINEL J B, BOUWMANS G, et al. Few-mode and multicore fiber amplifiers technology for SDM [C]. Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2018, San Diego, California, United States, 2018: Tu3B.2.
JUNG Y M, ALAM S U, et al. Handbook of Optical Fibers [M]. Singapore: Springer, 2018.
0
浏览量
977
下载量
2
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构