Synthesis of Triphenylmethyl Modified Oil-soluble Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Light-emitting Devices Enhanced Publication

{ "defaultlang": "zh", "titlegroup": { "articletitle": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "三苯甲基改性油溶性碳量子点合成及其在发光器件中的应用" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Synthesis of Triphenylmethyl Modified Oil-soluble Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Light-emitting Devices" } ] } ] }, "contribgroup": { "author": [ { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "尚", "givenname": "金梁", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "SHANG", "givenname": "Jin-liang", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [ "first-author" ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "尚金梁(1994-)，男，山西阳泉人，硕士研究生，2017年于山东理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事碳量子点在发光器件中应用的研究。E-mail: 17836217764@163.com" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208665&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208669&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208675&type=" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "尚金梁" }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1994-)，男，山西阳泉人，硕士研究生，2017年于山东理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事碳量子点在发光器件中应用的研究。E-mail: " }, { "name": "text", "data": "17836217764@163.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "17836217764@163.com", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "卫", "givenname": "迎迎", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "WEI", "givenname": "Ying-ying", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "王", "givenname": "军丽", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "WANG", "givenname": "Jun-li", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff2", "text": "2" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "刘", "givenname": "旭光", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LIU", "givenname": "Xu-guang", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" }, { "rid": "aff2", "text": "2" } ], "role": [ "corresp" ], "corresp": [ { "rid": "cor1", "lang": "en", "text": "E-mail: liuxuguang@tyut.edu.cn", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E-mail: liuxuguang@tyut.edu.cn" } ] } ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "刘旭光(1965-)，男，山西翼城人，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，2000年于中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所获得博士学位，主要从事纳米碳功能材料、碳量子点基光电材料的研究。E-mail: liuxuguang@tyut.edu.cn" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208678&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208684&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208691&type=" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "刘旭光" }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1965-)，男，山西翼城人，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，2000年于中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所获得博士学位，主要从事纳米碳功能材料、碳量子点基光电材料的研究。E-mail: " }, { "name": "text", "data": "liuxuguang@tyut.edu.cn" } ] ] } ], "email": "liuxuguang@tyut.edu.cn", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "苗", "givenname": "艳勤", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "MIAO", "givenname": "Yan-qin", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff2", "text": "2" } ], "role": [ "corresp" ], "corresp": [ { "rid": "cor2", "lang": "en", "text": "miaoyanqin@tyut.edu.cn", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "miaoyanqin@tyut.edu.cn" } ] } ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "苗艳勤(1987-)，男，山西临县人，博士，副教授，硕士研究生导师，2015年于太原理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事有机发光二极管(OLED)的效率滚降、照明用白光OLED的开发、量子点及钙钛矿发光二极管及其物理、深红及近红外光探测器件的研究。E-mail: miaoyanqin@tyut.edu.cn" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208698&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208705&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208729&type=" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "苗艳勤" }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1987-)，男，山西临县人，博士，副教授，硕士研究生导师，2015年于太原理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事有机发光二极管(OLED)的效率滚降、照明用白光OLED的开发、量子点及钙钛矿发光二极管及其物理、深红及近红外光探测器件的研究。E-mail: " }, { "name": "text", "data": "miaoyanqin@tyut.edu.cn" } ] ] } ], "email": "miaoyanqin@tyut.edu.cn", "deceased": false } ], "aff": [ { "id": "aff1", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "1", "text": "太原理工大学　新型碳材料研究院，山西 　 太原 　 030000", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "太原理工大学　新型碳材料研究院，山西 　 太原 　 030000" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "1", "text": "Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aff2", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "2", "text": "太原理工大学　新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室，山西 　 太原 　 030000", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "太原理工大学　新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室，山西 　 太原 　 030000" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "2", "text": "Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China" } ] } ] } ] }, "abstracts": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "碳量子点团聚将导致严重荧光猝灭，大幅降低其发光效率，阻碍了其作为发光材料在显示和照明器件中的应用。通过主客体掺杂方案可有效解决上述问题，但水溶性的碳量子点不能和有机的主体材料相匹配。针对该问题，本文通过在碳量子点表面接枝亲油性的芳香类官能团，保证碳量子点油溶性的同时使其具备一定的载流子传输性能，采用该方案制备出发光峰在533 nm、荧光量子产率为43%的黄色油溶性碳量子点。将该碳量子点分散到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯中涂敷在紫外发光二极管(365 nm)灯珠表面，制备的光致发光器件发出明亮黄光(560 nm)，最大亮度达到23 000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。进一步将该碳量子点掺杂到聚乙烯基咔唑中作为发光层，制备了主客体掺杂的电致发光器件，器件的发射峰位于552 nm，最大亮度达到35.07 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。上述研究表明，合成油溶性的碳量子点发光材料并将其掺杂到母体材料中作为发光层，可有效抑制碳量子点团聚诱导荧光猝灭问题，对发展高性能碳量子点基发光器件具有重要意义。" } ] } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "The aggregation of carbon quantum dots leads to serious fluorescence quenching, which greatly reduces the luminescence efficiency and hinders the application of carbon quantum dots as luminescent materials in display and lighting devices. The host-guest doping scheme can effectively solve the above problems, but the water-soluble carbon quantum dots can not match the organic host materials. In view of this, in this paper, the oil solubility of the carbon quantum dots was guaranteed by grafting the aromatic functional groups with liophilic properties on the surface of the carbon quantum dots, so that the carbon quantum dots had certain carrier transport performance. The yellow oil-soluble carbon quantum dots with a light peak of 533 nm and a fluorescence quantum yield of 43% were prepared by this scheme. The carbon quantum dots were dispersed into polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) and coated on the surface of UV light emitting diode(365 nm) lamp beads. The photoluminescent devices were prepared with a bright yellow light(560 nm) and a maximum luminance of 23 000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ".Furthermore, the carbon quantum dots were doped into polyethylene carbazole(PVK) as the luminescent layer to fabricate host-guest doped electroluminescent devices. The emission peak of the devices is 552 nm, and the maximum luminance of the devices reaches 35.07 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ". The above studies indicate that the synthesis of oil-soluble carbon quantum dot luminescent materials and doping them into the parent material as the luminescent layer can effectively suppress the fluorescence quenching induced by carbon quantum dot aggregation, which is of great significance for the development of high-performance carbon quantum dot based luminescent devices." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "碳量子点" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "发光二极管" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "三苯甲基" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "主客体掺杂发光层" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "亮度" } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "carbon quantum dots" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "light-emitting diode" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "triphenyl methyl" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "host and guest doped luminescent layer" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "brightness" } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1　引言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "发光二极管(Light-emitting diodes,LEDs)在照明、显示领域具有重要应用，成为近年来学术及产业界的研究热点" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。传统胶体半导体量子点(如CdTe和CdSe等)具有窄带宽发射、色纯度高、量子产率高和可调带隙等优异的光学特性，成为近年来科研人员的研究重点" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "3", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R2", "R3" ], "text": "2-3", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。但该类量子点发光材料存在化学稳定性差、Cd" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和Se" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等有毒离子环境污染严重、合成成本高等缺点，限制了其作为下一代发光材料在LEDs中的应用" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "4", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R4", "R5" ], "text": "4-5", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "相比之下，碳量子点(Carbon quantum dots,CQDs)" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "6", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R6", "R7", "R8", "R9", "R10" ], "text": "6-10", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "不仅拥有传统无机量子点的优良发光特性(如化学稳定性高、耐光漂性好、发光颜色调色等)，而且具有不含重金属、原料来源广泛、制备方便、成本低、环境友好等优点。因此，最近几年，CQDs作为发光材料应用于发光器件吸引了诸多关注和广泛研究，并取得了极大的研究进展" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R11", "R12", "R13", "R14", "R15", "R16", "R17" ], "text": "11-17", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。但是，CQDs发光材料仍存在合成机理不成熟、电致发光器件制备及发光机制不完善等问题，较少缺陷、高度碳化的边带发射CQDs的合成以及CQDs电致发光的实现依然是围绕CQDs发光材料需要迫切开展的重要的研究方向。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2011年，中国科学院理化技术研究所王富等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "以十八烯为非配位溶剂、十六胺为表面钝化剂，通过热解柠檬酸得到荧光量子产率(Quantum yield of fluorescence,QY)为60%的CQDs，并以CQDs为发光层制备了三明治结构的白光LEDs，器件最大亮度达到35 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，并展现出高的显色指数(Color rendering index,CRI)82。该研究证明了CQDs有望作为新型发光材料应用于量子点发光二极管(Quantum dots light-emitting diodes,QDs-LEDs)。2017年，北京师范大学袁方龙等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "19", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R19", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为了解决CQDs电致发光器件中由CQDs表面缺陷和分子态引起载流子注入效率低的问题，利用柠檬酸与二氨基萘设计、合成了蓝、绿、黄、橙、红五种颜色的带边复合CQDs，并采用其作为发光层制备了无空穴传输层的简单电致发光器件。所有电致发光器件都实现了相应颜色的光发射，且所有器件都显示出非常稳定、不受电压影响的发光颜色。最优的蓝光器件的最大亮度达到了136 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，是当时报道中亮度最高的碳量子点蓝色LEDs。此外，该课题组将CQDs掺杂到聚乙烯基咔唑(Polyvinylcarbazole,PVK)制备的共混薄膜作为发光层，实现了色坐标为(0.30,0.33)的白光发射，器件的最大亮度达到2 050 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ", 成为CQDs电致白光器件中的一个里程碑。上述研究证明，合成具有高度表面钝化和碳化结晶的CQDs及采用主客体掺杂器件结构是提高CQDs电致发光器件亮度及效率的有效途径。基于此，在2018年，作者所在课题组" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "20", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R20", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "20" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "以柠檬酸为碳源、十六胺为钝化剂，采用微波碳化的方法合成了亲油性黄光CQDs，并将其掺杂到 PVK作为发光层制备了黄光和白光发射的电致发光器件。黄光器件最大亮度达到339.5 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，白光器件的最大亮度为455.2 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ",CRI为83，色坐标为(0.29,0.33)，所得器件性能进一步证明了主客体掺杂实现高性能碳量子点电致发光器件的可行性。同时，我们发现相关器件的启亮电压会随着CQDs掺杂浓度的增大而升高，其原因在于为了增加CQDs的亲油性，在其表面引入长链钝化配体导致CQDs的载流子传输性能较差，从而影响PVK-CQDs主客体发光层的载流子传输和电荷平衡。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "在电致发光器件中，发光层薄膜中缺陷的多少会直接决定器件的电致发光性能。CQDs易团聚的缺点使其单独作为发光层不仅会导致严重的荧光猝灭，而且也极大地增加发光层的缺陷，阻碍电致发光器件性能的提升。防止团聚猝灭的有效方法是将CQDs分散到母体材料中制备成主客体混合薄膜作为发光层，但常用的主体材料(如PVK)只能溶解在甲苯、氯苯以及邻二氯苯等非极性溶剂中，而常规的水溶性CQDs只能溶解于乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-Dimethylformamide,DMF)、二甲基亚砜(Dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)等极性溶剂中，主、客体材料不能同时有效地溶解或分散到同一种溶剂中，限制了CQDs主客体发光层电致器件的发展。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于此，本文提出对碳量子点表面进行油溶性改性的策略，选择发光峰在528 nm、QY为32%的绿色碳量子点作为基础材料，通过冰浴反应得到了表面具有三苯甲基的油溶性碳量子点，其在低极性有机溶剂当中表现出了良好的溶解性。改性后的CQDs发光峰位于533 nm且依然具有荧光激发独立的特性，溶解于甲苯时的QY达到45%。将该碳量子点分散到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)中涂敷在紫外LED(365 nm)灯珠表面，制备的光致发光LED成功地发出纯黄光(560 nm)，最大亮度为23 000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。进一步将该碳量子点掺杂到PVK中作为发光层，制备了主客体掺杂的电致发光器件，器件的发射峰位于552 nm，最大亮度达到35.07 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2　实验" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本实验所用的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)、三甲基氯甲烷、邻苯二胺均从上海麦克林生化科技有限公司购买，丙酮、无水乙醇、二氯甲烷、甲苯、氯苯、邻二氯苯从天津市天力化学试剂有限公司购买。所有化学品没有经过进一步提纯，直接用于实验中。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs的QY测试溶剂为无水乙醇。采用绝对法使用装有120 mm积分球的Varian FLR025光谱仪测定Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的QY。本文所用LED芯片为深圳市光华士科技有限公司生产的工作电压为3.4~4.2 V、发光波长为365 nm的紫外LED芯片。采用电脑控制的Keithley电源和BM-7A对制备的发光器件进行电流密度-电压-亮度测试，采用电脑控制Keithley电源和PR655光度计对制备的发光器件的电致发光光谱及色坐标数据进行采集。所有器件的测试均在室温、暗室条件下进行。" } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.1　CQDs合成" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "亲水性的碳量子点(Amino-CQDs)通过溶剂热反应得到。将100 mg邻苯二胺加入到40 mL无水乙醇中，超声10 min使其充分溶解，然后将其转移至100 mL聚四氟乙烯反应釜中。随后，将装有邻苯二胺的反应釜放置于200 ℃的烘箱中保温10 h，待反应结束后，打开烘箱使反应釜冷却至室温。反应得到的Amino-CQDs粗产物为墨绿色，包含有大量杂质，首先使用0.22 μm的滤膜过滤去除粗产物当中的大粒径杂质，随后采用柱层析色谱法多次提纯过滤得到的产物，直至得到纯净的Amino-CQDs。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "亲油性的碳量子点Trityl-CQDs通过冰浴反应得到。将50 mg Amino-CQDs放置在100 mL圆底烧瓶中，加入50 mL二氯甲烷和100 mg三乙胺后冰浴搅拌1 h，使溶液变为弱碱性环境。然后，加入700 mg三苯甲基氯甲烷，继续冰浴搅拌10 h。待反应结束后，将合成的碳点粗产物经多次柱层析色谱法提纯，最后得到纯净的亲油性碳量子点Trityl-CQDs。两种碳量子点的合成如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "三苯甲基改性的油溶性碳量子点合成示意图" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Schematic diagram of the synthesis of oil-soluble CQDs modified by triphenylmethyl" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208735&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208746&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208738&type=" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.2　发光器件制备及性能测试" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "光致发光器件的制备。将500 mg PMMA颗粒放在20 mL热丙酮中浸泡3 h至完全溶解，随后将浓度25 mg/mL的PMMA丙酮溶液与浓度为10 mg/mL的Amino-CQDs乙醇溶液和Trityl-CQDs二氯甲烷溶液等体积混合均匀。在混合液未冷却前，使用移液枪将混合液移取至LED灯珠，随后混合液在LED灯珠表面在室温下冷却固化。反复几次以提高LED灯珠的混合液固化厚度，以防止LED紫外光泄露。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "电致发光器件的制备。所有器件制备在ITO导电玻璃基板上，首先将ITO玻璃在丙酮中超声15 min，然后用洗洁精清洗，随后在去离子水中超声15 min，最后在丙酮中超声15 min。随后将清洗后的ITO玻璃基板放置在60 ℃的烘箱中干燥。待干燥完毕后，将ITO玻璃基板放置于紫外线箱中臭氧处理10 min，使ITO表面富氧，以增加ITO的功函数。清理基板结束后，用匀胶机在3 000 r/min 条件下旋涂35 s得到厚度为30 nm的PEDOT∶PSS薄膜，随后将涂有PEDOT∶PSS的ITO基板放在加热台上150 ℃退火15 min。在PEDOT∶PSS上以3 000 r/min旋涂发光层PVK∶Trityl-CQDs(10%(质量比)) 45 s 得到发光层的厚度为30 nm，之后在加热台上100 ℃退火30 min。退火结束后，将旋涂好的ITO玻璃基板转移到真空蒸镀设备中，在3×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-5" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " Pa的压力下，真空热蒸镀40 nm厚的电子传输层TPBi和LiF/Al双层电极，其中LiF、Al的厚度分别为1 nm和100 nm。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3　结果与讨论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.1　碳量子点的结构表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "首先，对合成的两种碳量子点进行了微观结构、化学键以及能级能带的表征和研究。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，通过透射电子显微镜(Transmission electron microscope,TEM)可以看到，氨基碳量子点和三苯甲基碳量子点都呈现出类球形的结构特征，粒径主要分布在5~8 nm之间，两种碳量子点的平均粒径分别为(6.76±1.14) nm和(6.78±0.92) nm，证明了碳量子点的合成。从拉曼光谱(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ")可以看出Amino-CQDs、Trityl-CQDs都具有两个明显的峰，位于1 606 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " 左右的G峰(源于碳点SP" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "共轭碳或者结晶碳)和位于1 360~1 380 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的D峰(源于缺陷碳和无定形碳)，并且G峰强度比D峰强度明显要高，二者强度比(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "g" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "∶" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ")分别为2.59和3.23，这说明碳点具有大量SP" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "共轭碳和高程度的结晶，有利于其作为发光层传输载流子。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs(a)和Trityl-CQDs(b)的TEM图像" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "TEM images of Amino-CQDs(a)and Trityl-CQDs(b)" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208750&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208759&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208754&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的拉曼光谱(a)和红外光谱(b)" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Raman(a) and infrared(b) spectra of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208763&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208772&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208767&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，从傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)上明显看出两种碳量子点Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs化学结构的不同。在Trityl-CQDs的红外光谱中，可以看到由苯环骨架中C" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208779&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208802&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208785&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "C伸缩振动引起的位于1 591,1 491,1 438 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " 3个尖锐的吸收峰以及苯环上C—H伸缩振动产生的3 026 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的吸收峰，而在Amino-CQDs的红外光谱中没有这两种特征峰。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "上述结果证明通过三苯甲基对水溶性碳量子点Amino-CQDs改性后，成功引入到Amino-CQDs。在Amino-CQDs红外光谱中，3 433,3 306 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的双峰在改性反应之后变成了Trityl-CQDs红外光谱中3 462 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的单峰，这说明碳量子点中的伯胺变为了仲胺。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "进一步通过X射线光电子能谱分析(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)对两种CQDs的表面元素以及官能团进行了分析，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。Amino-CQDs的XPS 宽谱扫描图中呈现出3个能级峰，分别为 284 eV(C1s)、399 eV(N1s)和532 eV(O1s)，而Trityl-CQDs的宽谱扫描图中只呈现出C1s和O1s两个能级峰。说明 Amino-CQDs 主要有 C、N、O 三种元素组成，而Trityl-CQDs中的N元素原子相对比例较小，这可以归因于C元素的大量引入。两种CQDs的各元素原子相对比例的详细对比如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。" } ] }, { "name": "table", "data": { "id": "T1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和 Trityl-CQDs的各元素原子相对比例" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Tab.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Relative atom proportion of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs for each element %" } ] } ], "note": [], "table": [ { "head": [ [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": " " } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Trityl-CQDs" } ] } ] ], "body": [ [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "C" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "72.07" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "86.71" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "H" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6.13" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "7.14" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "N" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21.51" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0.58" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "O" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0.29" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5.57" } ] } ] ], "foot": [] } ], "graphics": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208816&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208807&type=" } } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的XPS 宽谱扫描及C1s((a)、(d))、N1s((c)、(e))的高分辨扫描图谱。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "XPS broad-spectrum scans of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs and high-resolution scans of C1s((a), (d)) and N1s((c), (e))" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208821&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208833&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208827&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "4(d)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4(d)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，C1s 的分峰拟合图中呈现出3个信号峰，位于 284.0,284.8,285.9 eV，分别代表 C—C/C" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208838&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208849&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208846&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "C、C—N和C—O。与Amino-CQDs对比，Trityl-CQDs的C—C/C" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208854&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208864&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208859&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "C含量大量增加，这与 FTIR 的测试结果一致，说明经改性反应后，在Amino-CQDs表面氨基上引入了三苯甲基。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "为了证明改性得到的Trityl-CQDs有良好的油溶性，我们分别对两种CQDs在不同极性溶剂中的溶解度进行了详细对比，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表2", "type": "table", "rid": "T2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。像我们预料的一样，Amino-CQDs水溶性很好，在乙醇、DMF、DMSO等极性溶剂中有良好的溶解性，但在甲苯、氯苯、邻二氯苯等低极性或非极性溶剂中很难溶解。而改性后的Trityl-CQDs展现出很好的亲油性，在甲苯、氯苯、邻二氯苯等低极性或非极性有机溶剂中溶解性很好，且可与PVK以任意质量比共溶于甲苯、氯苯、邻二氯苯等低极性或非极性有机溶剂中。" } ] }, { "name": "table", "data": { "id": "T2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "室温条件下，Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs在不同有机溶剂中的溶解度" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Tab.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Solubility of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs in different organic solvents at room temperature mg·mL" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] } ] } ], "note": [], "table": [ { "head": [ [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": " " } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "center", "style": "border-top:1px solid #000;border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Trityl-CQDs" } ] } ] ], "body": [ [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "乙醇" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15.2" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14.9" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "乙酸乙酯" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14.5" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14.7" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "二氯甲烷" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.4" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13.8" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "甲苯" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1.9" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11.6" } ] } ], [ { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "氯苯" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1.3" } ] }, { "colspan": "1", "rowspan": "1", "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:1px solid #000;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12.5" } ] } ] ], "foot": [] } ], "graphics": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208875&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208870&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.2　碳量子点的光物理性质" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "在上述结构表征的基础上，我们进一步考察了两种CQDs的光学特性，对比改性前后两种CQDs的紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5(d)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5(d)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ")和荧光光谱(PL)(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5(e)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5(e)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ")。两种CQDs的吸收峰分别位于429 nm和423 nm，发射峰分别为526 nm和533 nm，最佳激发峰分别为380 nm和420 nm。可以看出，改性前后的CQDs仅发光颜色发生变化，激发独立的特性没有改变，意味着CQDs荧光来源没有改变。这一结论也可从时间分辨光谱(Time-resolved PL spectra,TRPL)分析中得到，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5(c)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5(c)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5(f)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5(f)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，采用邻苯二胺合成的两种CQDs均为单指数荧光衰减，荧光寿命分别为5.55,4.82 ns。单指数衰减特性表明，CQDs中的激子高度稳定且没有非辐射跃迁通道，有利于有效的荧光发射。此外，两种CQDs的吸收峰和发射峰之间有较小的重叠，说明两种CQDs均存在部分自吸收，这也有利于高效荧光的实现。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F5", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的UV-Vis((a)、(d))、PL((b)、(e))及TRPL光谱((c)、(f))。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "UV-Vis((a), (d)), PL((b), (e)) and TRPL((c), (f)) spectra of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208882&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208890&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208885&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "进一步对两种CQDs的能级水平进行了表征，如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，通过对紫外光电子能谱(Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy,UPS)做切线计算得出，Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "cutoff" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "onset" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "分别为16.98,3.74 eV及16.58,2.38 eV。结合" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "6(d)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6(d)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中的吸收光谱，激子第一个吸收带在较长波长方向上的起始值" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "edge" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "分别为493.59 nm和460.63 nm，采用公式" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "gopt" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=1240/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "edge" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "计算得出两种CQDs的带隙分别为2.51,2.69 eV。利用" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "HOMO" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "hν" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "cutoff" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "onset" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ")，得出Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "HOMO" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "LUMO" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "能级分别为7.96,5.45 eV及7.0,4.31 eV。这为我们之后开展电致发光器件的研究提供了数据支持。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F6", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和Trityl-CQDs的UPS((a)、(b))、UV-Vis光谱((c)、(d))。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "UPS((a), (b)) and UV-Vis((c), (d)) spectra of Amino-CQDs and Trityl-CQDs" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208895&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208910&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208902&type=" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.3　碳量子点在光致发光器件中的应用" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "两种碳量子点的强荧光发射及高荧光量子产率暗示其作为发光材料在光致发光器件中具有极大的应用潜力。我们采用PMMA作为成膜剂，分别将浓度为10 mg/mL的Amino-CQDs乙醇溶液和Trityl-CQDs二氯甲烷溶液与PMMA均匀混合，将配置好的两种溶液分别多次滴于LED灯珠帽表面，待自然风干后作为发光涂层；然后将涂覆有发光涂层的灯珠帽扣于紫外LED芯片上，对其发光性能进行研究。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "从" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图7", "type": "fig", "rid": "F7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图7" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "可以看出，采用两种CQDs制备的光致发光LED在365 nm紫外LED芯片的激发下均发出明亮的黄绿光，发射峰均位于560 nm, CIE坐标分别为(0.44,0.54)和(0.46,0.53)。且随着驱动电压的增加发射光谱几乎保持不变，在整个驱动电压范围内，在发射光谱中均无紫光出现，说明两种碳量子点的强荧光发射。基于Amino-CDs和Trityl-CDs制备的光致发光LED实现了高发光亮度，最大值分别达到18 680,23 000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。上述结果证明，采用三苯甲基对Amino-CQDs改性并不影响其光致发光的性质，且高器件亮度证明了两种碳量子点在光致发光LED中的极大应用潜力。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F7", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Amino-CQDs和 Tritly-CQDs 的LED光谱((a)、(c))和电流密度-电压-亮度特征曲线(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J-V-L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "曲线)((b)、(d))" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "LED spectra((a), (c)) and current density-voltage-brightness characteristic curves(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J-V-L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " curve)((b), (d)) for Amino-CQDs and Tritly-CQDs" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208912&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208932&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208919&type=" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.4　碳量子点在电致发光器件的探索" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3d" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Trityl-CQDs在甲苯、氯苯中优良的溶解性启发我们将其应用于电致发光器件中。我们采用主客体发光层结构，将油溶性的Trityl-CQDs以10%(质量比)的比例掺杂于主体材料PVK中，制备了" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图8(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图8(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示的电致发光器件。在该器件中，透明氧化铟锡(ITO)作为阳极；聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)∶聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT∶PSS)作为空穴注入层(30 nm);Poly-TPD作为空穴传输层(30 nm);PVK∶10%Trityl-CQDs作为发光层(30 nm);1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯(TPBi)作为电子传输层(40 nm);LiF和Al作为电子注入层和阴极。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F8", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "器件A的器件结构(a)、能级示意图(b)、EL光谱(c)及" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J-V-L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "曲线(d)。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Device structure(a), energy level diagram(b), EL spectra(c) and " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J-V-L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " curve(d) of device A." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208940&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208985&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=21208944&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "从" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图8(c)、(d)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图8(c)、(d)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "可以看出，采用的主客体发光层成功抑制了量子点团聚猝灭，制备的电致发光器件发出强黄绿光，发射峰位于564 nm，很好地吻合了Trityl-CQDs PL发射光谱，说明电致发光来源为Trityl-CQDs。且器件启亮电压低，为5.7 V，在11 V时器件取得最大亮度值，达到35.07 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，对应的色坐标为(0.44,0.54)。器件的亮度较低可能的原因在于Trityl-CQDs表面大的三苯甲基官能团阻碍了载流子的传输，载流子存在大量非辐射跃迁。上述结果证明了油溶性碳量子点在电致发光器件中的应用潜力。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4　结论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s4" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文通过在碳量子点表面接枝亲油性的芳香类官能团，成功合成了发光峰在533 nm、QY为43%的黄色油溶性碳量子点。该量子点可以与主体材料PVK以任意质量比互溶于甲苯中，提高了其通过掺杂应用在电致发光器件中的成膜性。将该碳量子点分散到PMMA中涂敷在紫外LED(365 nm)灯珠表面，制备的光致发光LED成功地发出明亮黄光(560 nm)，最大亮度达到23 000 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。进一步将该碳量子点掺杂到PVK中作为发光层，制备了主客体掺杂的电致发光器件，器件的发射峰位于552 nm，最大亮度达到35.07 cd/m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。上述研究表明，合成油溶性的CQDs发光材料并将其掺杂到母体材料中作为发光层，可有效抑制碳量子点团聚诱导荧光猝灭问题，对发展高性能碳量子点基发光器件具有重要意义。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文专家审稿意见及作者回复内容的下载地址:http://cjl.lightpublishing.cn/thesisDetails#10.37188/CJL.20210115." } ] } ] } ], "footnote": [], "reflist": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "参考文献:" } ], "data": [ { "id": "R1", "label": "[1]", "citation": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "朱小光" }, { "name": "text", "data": ". 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