Recent Progress of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Materials Based on Pyrimidine and Its Derivative Acceptors Enhanced Publication

{ "defaultlang": "zh", "titlegroup": { "articletitle": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于嘧啶及其衍生物受体的热激活延迟荧光材料研究进展" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Recent Progress of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Materials Based on Pyrimidine and Its Derivative Acceptors" } ] } ] }, "contribgroup": { "author": [ { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "陆", "givenname": "梦瑶", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LU", "givenname": "Meng-yao", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [ "first-author" ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "陆梦瑶（1999-），女，辽宁锦州人，硕士研究生，2021年于大连理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事有机发光材料的研究。 E-mail： 21S009007@stu.hit.edu.cn" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818419&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818428&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818425&type=", "width": "24.89202881", "height": "29.88732147", "fontsize": "" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "陆梦瑶" }, { "name": "text", "data": "（1999-），女，辽宁锦州人，硕士研究生，2021年于大连理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事有机发光材料的研究。 E-mail： " }, { "name": "text", "data": "21S009007@stu.hit.edu.cn" } ] ] } ], "email": "21S009007@stu.hit.edu.cn", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "宋", "givenname": "祥安", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "SONG", "givenname": "Xiang-an", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "邹", "givenname": "盛南", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "ZOU", "givenname": "Sheng-nan", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "张", "givenname": "勇", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "ZHANG", "givenname": "Yong", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" }, { "rid": "aff2", "text": "2" } ], "role": [ "corresp" ], "corresp": [ { "rid": "cor1", "lang": "en", "text": "E-mail： yongzhang@hit.edu.cn", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E-mail： yongzhang@hit.edu.cn" } ] } ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "张勇（1980-），男，河南周口人，博士，教授，2007年于华南理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事有机光电材料的研究。 E-mail： yongzhang@hit.edu.cn" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818435&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818444&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818441&type=", "width": "24.89202881", "height": "29.88732910", "fontsize": "" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "张勇" }, { "name": "text", "data": "（1980-），男，河南周口人，博士，教授，2007年于华南理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事有机光电材料的研究。 E-mail： " }, { "name": "text", "data": "yongzhang@hit.edu.cn" } ] ] } ], "email": "yongzhang@hit.edu.cn", "deceased": false } ], "aff": [ { "id": "aff1", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "1", "text": "哈尔滨工业大学 材料科学与工程学院， 黑龙江 哈尔滨　150006", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "哈尔滨工业大学 材料科学与工程学院， 黑龙江 哈尔滨　150006" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "1", "text": "School of Material Science and Engineering， Harbin Institute of Technology， Harbin 150006， China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "School of Material Science and Engineering， Harbin Institute of Technology， Harbin 150006， China" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aff2", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "2", "text": "江汉大学 光电化学材料与器件教育部重点实验室， 湖北 武汉　430056", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "江汉大学 光电化学材料与器件教育部重点实验室， 湖北 武汉　430056" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "2", "text": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education， Jianghan University， Wuhan 430056， China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education， Jianghan University， Wuhan 430056， China" } ] } ] } ] }, "abstracts": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "嘧啶可作为构建D⁃A型热激活延迟荧光（TADF）材料的常用受体，其强吸电子特性和灵活的取代效应有利于形成多样的分子结构，为实现高效的有机电致发光提供了可能。近年来，基于嘧啶受体的分子结构设计取得了重要进展，研究方向从以D⁃A⁃D型为主的对称分子逐渐向不对称分子过渡。喹唑啉是TADF材料的一类新型受体，具有苯并嘧啶的稠环结构，延展的共轭平面使其表现出良好潜力，通过合理的分子修饰，能够有效改善器件的发光性能。本文以嘧啶受体核为基础，围绕分子结构、光物理特性和OLED器件性能等问题，简要总结了基于嘧啶及其衍生物喹唑啉受体的热激活延迟荧光材料研究进展，并对喹唑啉基TADF分子广阔的发展前景进行了展望。" } ] } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Pyrimidine can be used as a common acceptor for the construction of D-A type thermally activated delayed fluorescent（TADF） materials. Its strong electron absorption characteristics and flexible substitution effect are advantageous to the formation of diversified molecular structures， which lends probability to realize efficient organic electroluminescence. In recent years， important progress has been made in the molecular structure design based on pyrimidine acceptor. The research direction has transformed from symmetrical molecules dominated by D-A-D type to asymmetric molecules gradually. Quinazoline is a new acceptor of TADF materials with fused bicyclic structure of benzene and pyrimidine rings， which shows good potential as a result of extended conjugate plane. Through the reasonable molecular modification， it can improve the luminescence performance of the device effectively. In this review， we summarize the research progress of thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials based on pyrimidine and its derivative quinazoline acceptors briefly with molecular structure， photophysical properties and device performances， and look forward to the broad development prospect of TADF materials based on quinazoline." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "热激活延迟荧光" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "嘧啶受体" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "喹唑啉" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "有机发光二极管" } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "thermally activated delayed fluorescence" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "pyrimidine-based acceptor" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "quinazoline" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "organic light-emitting diodes" } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1　引　　言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "自1987年邓青云发明有机发光二极管（OLED）以来" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，OLED凭借宽视角、自发光、功耗低、超薄超轻以及较快的响应速度等优势，已成为新一代全彩色平板显示器和固态照明中最具发展前景的应用之一。发光层作为OLED的核心部分，所用发光材料的选择至关重要。当前商用化水平较高的传统荧光材料和磷光材料仍存在诸多不足，因此研究人员致力于开发性能优良的新型有机发光材料以满足实际需求。2011年，Adachi 小组首次提出纯有机热激活延迟荧光（TADF）分子设计策略" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，并随后基于给体-受体结构构建了咔唑-苯甲腈（CDCBs）系列有机发光材料，实现了器件发光效率的大幅提升" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "3", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，证明了TADF分子的巨大潜力，进而为高效OLED开辟了一条全新的道路。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，由于单重态和三重态的能级差小，TADF材料中的三重态激子能够突破自旋禁阻的限制，反向跃迁到单重态，与原有的单重态激子一同辐射跃迁回到基态，发射荧光。利用反系间窜越过程（RISC），TADF材料可实现三重态激子到单重态激子的转化，使得激子得到充分的利用，从而获得接近100%的内量子效率。基于TADF分子的OLED器件效率相比于传统荧光材料得到了极大的提高，同时不同于含有贵金属（如Pt和Ir）配合物的磷光材料，TADF材料能够有效降低成本，节约资源" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "4", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，另外也缓解了三重态-三重态湮灭（TTA）导致的效率滚降，改善了器件稳定性" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "5", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。而对于同样低成本的纯有机室温磷光材料，其薄膜状态下的发光效率仍然很低，远不及TADF材料的效率水平，在器件应用方面尚有很大的进步空间。基于上述优势，热激活延迟荧光材料逐渐取代传统荧光材料和磷光材料，成为当前OLED领域的研究热点之一。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "传统荧光、磷光及TADF材料的发光机理。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Luminescent mechanism of fluorescence， phosphorescence and TADF materials." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818450&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818457&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818454&type=", "width": "121.84121704", "height": "51.28533936", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "高效OLED是人们一直以来追求的目标，对基于TADF材料的OLED而言，器件的外量子效率不仅与材料本身的发光效率有关，还受到延迟荧光效率的影响。反系间窜越速率（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）是表征材料延迟荧光效率的重要参数，其大小与最低单重态-三重态能级差Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和环境温度" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "T" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "直接相关，其关系表现为：Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "越小，温度" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "T" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "越高，相应的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值就越高。所以，为实现高效的反系间窜越过程，TADF体系要求材料的最低单重态（S" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）和三重态（T" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）能级尽可能接近，即具有较小的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "通过合理的有机分子结构设计，充分分离最高占据分子轨道（HOMO）和最低未占据分子轨道（LUMO），降低HOMO-LUMO重叠积分，理论上可以有效减小TADF分子的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值。因此，TADF分子常见的设计思路是构建具有高度扭曲结构的给体-受体型（D-A型）分子骨架" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "6", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "7", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "7" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R6", "R7" ], "text": "6-7", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。D-A型分子具有显著的分子内电荷转移特性（ICT），通过不同给体和受体单元的连接，可以得到从深蓝光覆盖到远红外波段的各色荧光发射" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "8", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "8" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。而另一方面，根据 Franck-Condon 理论，Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值的减小与绝对荧光量子产率（PLQY）的提高相矛盾" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "9", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R9", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "9" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。因此，在TADF的分子设计中，选择合适的给体和受体，对实现材料Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值和PLQY的协同优化至关重要。目前TADF分子常用给体以含N基团为主，例如咔唑（Cz）、吩噁嗪（PXZ）、吩噻嗪（PTZ）、二苯胺、吖啶及其衍生物" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R10", "R11" ], "text": "10-11", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，常用受体单元包括三嗪" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、吡嗪" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、嘧啶" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、二苯亚砜" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "14", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R14", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、苯甲酮" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "15", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R15", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "其中，嘧啶是TADF分子构建中广泛应用的受体之一。与TADF材料中最早报道的受体三嗪相比，含有两个氮原子的嘧啶电子接受能力适中，在蓝光TADF分子的开发中极具潜力；同时嘧啶的不对称结构使其相比于吡嗪可变性更强，为有机分子设计提供了更多的可能。嘧啶受体的优异特性引起了研究人员的广泛关注，基于其构建的D-A型TADF分子表现出良好的器件性能，并由此进一步衍生出了共轭平面更大的喹唑啉系列受体。本文总结了基于嘧啶及其衍生物受体的TADF发光材料研究进展，深入讨论其分子结构设计策略、光物理性质以及器件性能之间的联系，从而为高效TADF材料的设计合成提供参考。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2　基于嘧啶受体的TADF材料" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "嘧啶（PM）是一种双氮六元杂环化合物，与苯和吡啶相比，它具有强吸电子特性，取代更为多样化。作为目前应用最为广泛的二嗪，嘧啶在芳香基取代条件下化学稳定性良好，易于通过结构修饰来调整分子的发射特性" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "16", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R16", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "16" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，可以作为一类良好的受体核形成结构不同的D-A型TADF分子。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "展示了基于嘧啶受体的TADF分子主要的设计策略，嘧啶的2,4,6位反应活性高，易于官能化；根据与给体连接方式的差异，基于嘧啶受体的TADF分子可分为对称结构和不对称结构；针对不同的取代位置，对称结构又可以分为D-A-D型和D-A型。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于嘧啶受体的TADF分子设计策略" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Molecular design strategy of TADF materials based on pyrimidine acceptor" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818462&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818473&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818466&type=", "width": "79.76599121", "height": "61.87182617", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D-A-D型对称结构是以嘧啶作为受体核心，两个完全相同的给体单元分别占据4和6位，由苯基单元作为连接给体与受体的π桥，从而形成的稳定U型结构。利用扭曲的π-共轭体系，这些分子通常可以获得较小的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值和高PLQY。在嘧啶受体的2位通过进行简单的分子修饰，连接的一些小基团（如甲基和苯基）能够实现对TADF材料光电性能的调控" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2016年，Sasabe和Kido等首次报道了具有D-A-D型对称结构的嘧啶基TADF发光分子" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。通过在嘧啶核的4,6位引入苯基吖啶，形成扭曲的分子结构，通过密度泛函理论（DFT）计算了分子的HOMO和LUMO能级，基本实现了二者的完全分离；同时该分子拥有高达80%的PLQY。最终，基于Ac-MPM的TADF OLED器件表现出电致发光峰位为487 nm的浅蓝光发射，CIE坐标为（0.19,0.37），最大外量子效率（EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）达到24.5%，最大功率效率（PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）为61.6 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，最大电流效率（CE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）为54.9 cd·A" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，但器件的效率滚降问题较为严重（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { 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"data": "29" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ], [ { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Ac⁃26DPPM" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "—" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（0.18， 0.33）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18.6" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "39.6" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "43.5" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "29", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R29", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "29" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ], [ { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "CzAc⁃26DPPM" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "—" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（0.21， 0.38）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "22.8" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "53.9" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "59.2" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "29", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R29", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "29" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ] ], "foot": [] } ], "graphics": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818492&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818489&type=", "width": "162.99998474", "height": "143.75477600", "fontsize": "" } } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "为改善效率滚降问题，同年，杨楚罗课题组选" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "用给电子能力更强的吩噁嗪作为给体单元合成了三种绿光TADF分子（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，发射峰波长的范围在524～535 nm，其中基于PXZPhPM的OLED器件性能相对优异，EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "接近25%，且在100 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和1 000 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的亮度下EQE分别高达21.9%和18.2%，表现出较低的效率滚降。几乎与此同时，Sasabe和Kido等也对已有的Ac-MPM分子结构做了进一步改进" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "19", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R19", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，以给电子能力更强的哌啶替代了嘧啶2位的苯基，得到Ac-NPM分子，通过提高LUMO能级进而形成更宽的能隙（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "g" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。他们也合成了与PXZPhPM具有相同结构的发光分子PXZ-PPM，相应器件表现出25.1%的EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、111.0 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和84.9 cd·A" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的CE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。相比于Ac-MPM，其Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "更小，为0.08 eV，延迟荧光（DF）寿命也更短，仅为10.4 ms，效率滚降问题得到了有效抑制，其性能超过了之前报道的基于嘧啶受体的TADF OLED器件，可以与最先进的磷光器件相媲美。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于嘧啶受体的D-A-D型分子结构" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D-A-D type molecular structure based on pyrimidine acceptors" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818497&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818506&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818502&type=", "width": "159.85144043", "height": "131.07995605", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "将电子受体卤化是缩短TADF发光分子的延迟荧光寿命、改善器件效率滚降的另一可行策略。杨楚罗等以绿光分子PXZPM为基础，将卤素原子Cl和Br分别引入嘧啶受体，开发了两种新型TADF发光分子，即ClPPM和BrPPM（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "20", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R20", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "20" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。在卤素的诱导作用下，分子的LUMO能级加深，跃迁偶极矩提高，产生更大的振子强度；另外，卤素原子所提供的内部重原子环境能够增强分子的自旋轨道耦合（SOC），从而加快了RISC过程。相比于无卤素衍生物PXZPM，两个分子的DF寿命显著缩短，且PLQY略有提升，表现出峰位为546 nm和544 nm的黄绿光发射。基于氯原子取代分子ClPPM的OLED器件在1 000 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "下可实现22.2%的高外量子效率，显著降低了效率滚降，为下一代短DF寿命、高荧光效率的TADF发光分子的开发提供了一种新的策略。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2020年，杨楚罗团队再次改进PXZPM分子结构，他们在嘧啶受体的2位分别连接苯基吡啶和三苯基-三嗪取代基，得到了两种新型分子" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "21", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R21", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。实验结果表明，这类受体取代基的改变对分子激发态和相关光电特性的影响很小，PXZPyPM和PXZTAZPM两种分子具有与PXZPM近乎相同的HOMO/LUMO能级和相似的发射特性，都表现为绿光发射，而发射偶极子取向的水平比则由15%提升至18%，证明了构建延展的受体平面将有助于实现有机发光分子取向的调控，对高水平发射偶极子取向比TADF分子的设计具有重要的指导意义。基于PXZPyPM的绿光OLED电致发光性能优异，EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "高达33.9%，PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为118.9 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），与目前已报道的最高效的绿光TADF OLED不相上下。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于嘧啶类受体的TADF材料目前已取得不错的研究进展，特别是对于绿光OLED成果显著。相较之下，由于器件效率、色纯度以及稳定性等问题的制约，高效蓝光TADF材料的开发仍是当前亟待解决的一大难题。Yasuda等以9,9-二苯基-9,10-二氢吖啶（DPAc）作为给体，合成了两种高效纯蓝TADF发光分子：2DPAc-MPM和2DPAc-PPM（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），发光峰峰值分别为 458 nm和462 nm，PLQY均超过90%，相应的OLED器件显示出20.8%的EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和31.5 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "22", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R22", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "22" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。2018年，本课题组分别以嘧啶（HPM）、2-甲基嘧啶（MPM）和2-苯基嘧啶（PPM）为受体，以刚性更强的10H-螺[吖啶-9,9’-芴]（SPAc）作为给体，合成了2SPAc-HPM、2SPAc-MPM和2SPAc-PPM三种高效的蓝光TADF分子" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "23", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R23", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "23" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。通过合理的分子设计，上述发光分子成功获得了小于 0.20 eV的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值，使得三重态激子足以实现反系间窜越，产生延迟荧光。三种分子在掺杂薄膜中均表现出90%以上的荧光量子产率，相应的OLED器件都呈现出天蓝光发射，峰值为479~489 nm，其中基于2SPAc-PPM的器件性能优异，实现了31.45%的高外量子效率（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "更进一步，我们将相同的给体SPAc分别与作为π桥的苯基的邻位和间位相连，合成了" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "m" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-2SPAc-PPM和" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "o" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-2SPAc-PPM两种发光分子（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "24", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R24", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "24" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。不同于常规的对位连接方式，将螺芴吖啶这一大体积给体单元如此连接，通过拥挤结构的构建，可以有效地增大空间位阻效应，同时有利于抑制构象无序性。更加扭曲的分子结构使得自旋振动耦合增强，两种发光分子均具有微小的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值，分别为0.1 eV和0.025 eV，进而极大地提高了RISC速率，二者的RISC速率分别高达9.1×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " s" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和3.55×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "7" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " s" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，远高于常规的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "p" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-2SPAc-PPM（2.9×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " s" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。基于" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "o" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-2SPAc-PPM的OLED器件在24 200 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的高亮度下实现了24.8%的EQE，显著降低了效率滚降，器件寿命也更长，能够很好地满足实际应用需求。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "最近，我们在已有研究的基础上，通过给体与苯基相连位置的不同组合，设计合成了三种发光分子，统称为X-SPAc-PPM（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "25", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R25", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "25" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。这些分子都以苯基嘧啶（PPM）作为受体，给体SPAc分别连接在苯基的对位/邻位、对位/间位和对位/邻位，形成不对称的D-A-D型分子结构，探究了苯基邻位、间位和对位连接对嘧啶基TADF分子电荷分布、光物理及电致发光性能的影响。三种分子的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值较小，为0.05~0.16 eV，并表现出明显的TADF特征。在不对称X-SPAc-PPM中，HOMO的位置具有优先选择倾向，遵循对位臂、邻位臂的顺序，从而有效调节SPAc和PPM单元之间的分子内电荷转移（ICT）特性。基于上述分子的OLED器件性能良好，EQE均超过25%，相比于对称结构，效率滚降显著降低，证明了同一给体的不对称设计策略在高效TADF器件开发中的巨大潜力。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "除了对嘧啶受体2位的取代基进行改进和优化，Sasabe和Kido等也尝试对共轭苯环进行分子修饰" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "26", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R26", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "26" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。他们设计合成了Ac-" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "X" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "MHPM（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "X" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=1,2,3）系列新型嘧啶基发光分子，通过改变嘧啶受体和作为π桥的苯环上的甲基取代基数目，利用空间位阻引起分子结构的扭曲，从而提高激发的单重态（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "S" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）和三重态（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "T" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）能级，系统地研究了分子结构、光物理性能与器件性能之间的关系。其中，Ac-3MHPM具有2.95 eV的高" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "T" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，基于Ac-3MHPM的器件EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为18%，CIE坐标为（0.16,0.15），在深蓝光TADF材料中优势显著。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Serevičius等基于嘧啶受体核开发了一系列TADF分子，通过在苯基片段上插入不同数量的甲基来改变其刚性结构" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "27", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R27", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "," }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "30", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R30", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "30" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "31", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R31", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "31" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R30", "R31" ], "text": "30-31", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。他们基于吩噻嗪给体合成了三种不同分子构型的嘧啶基TADF化合物：PTZ-mPYR, PTZ-mPYRCl和PTZ-2mPYR（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图３", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图３" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。吩噻嗪给体具有多种构象，得到的化合物具有不同的结构稳定性和反系间窜越速率（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "），证明了柔性分子核在固体薄膜中的构象无序性较大，发射波长不稳定。甲基取代基修饰的苯基对其发射光谱的改变不大，但对" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "有明显的影响，而这对材料的TADF性质至关重要" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "30", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R30", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "30" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。相比于苯环上连接了4个甲基的PTZ-2mPYR，空间位阻更低的PTZ-mPYR具有显著延长的TADF寿命。为了系统研究分子刚性与TADF性质的关系，他们分别将PTZ-mPYR与在甲苯溶液中具有相似发射性质但分子结构刚性不同的4CzPN以及吩噁嗪为给体的类似PXZ-PYR相对比。PTZ-mPYR具有更大空间约束的平面电子给体单元，较大的单重态-三重态能隙使得PTZ-mPYR的TADF寿命显著延长。从这个角度来看，过于柔性和过于刚性的分子结构都不利于高效TADF材料的构建，关键在于对分子结构与振动耦合作用之间平衡关系的精准控制" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "31", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R31", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "31" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "由于吩噁嗪的平面性使其可以承担更大的空间位阻，在进一步的研究中，该课题组选用吩噁嗪给体，继续利用甲基作为空间位阻调节剂，从而实现对分子结构调控。结果表明，含有正甲基片段的嘧啶衍生物PXZ-mdPYR具有较大的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值和较低的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，而基于甲基调控的结构优化，使得间甲基修饰的嘧啶衍生物PXZ-muPYR的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RISC" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "从0.7×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6 " } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "s" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "提高到6.5×10" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " s" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。基于PXZ-muPYR的TADF器件获得了29.1%的高EQE值" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "27", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R27", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，性能明显优于以咔唑为给体的同类型分子，而这类咔唑-嘧啶系列分子除TADF效应以外，还表现出室温磷光（RTP）特性，证明了给体类型对材料发光性能的重要影响" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "32", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R32", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "32" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "具有D-A-D对称构型的嘧啶类化合物发光性能优良，发展前景广阔，由此引发了研究者探索其分子结构与光电特性之间关系的极大热情，并尝试开发更多的可能构型以实现性能突破。D-A构型是基于嘧啶受体的TADF材料的另一常见设计策略，不同于D-A-D型分子具有两个给体单元，此类分子通常只在嘧啶受体上连接一个给体。相比于D-A-D型，D-A型发光分子呈现出较弱的CT特性，从而更容易实现蓝移，为高效蓝光TADF分子设计提供了一种可行方案" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "33", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R33", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "33" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Yasuda等在嘧啶的2位分别连接螺-吖啶（MPAc）、吖啶（Ac）、螺-氧杂蒽（MXAc）三种不同的大体积给体，嘧啶的4,6位则尝试由苯基取代，合成了一系列具有扭曲构型的D-A型TADF分子（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "28", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R28", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "28" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。由于单重态-三重态能隙较小，这些分子都表现出优异的光致发光性能，荧光量子产率在69%~91%之间。基于上述分子的OLED器件显示出明亮的蓝色电致发光，基于MFAc-PPM的OLED最大外量子效率高达20.4%，在低电流密度下获得了41.7 cd·A" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的CE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和37.2 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），CIE坐标为（0.16，0.23）。基于Ac-PM的OLED电致发光波峰位于458 nm处，CIE坐标为（0.15，0.15），实现了有效深蓝发光，对基于嘧啶衍生物的高效深蓝TADF材料的开发具有参考意义。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于嘧啶受体的D-A型分子结构" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D-A type molecular structure based on pyrimidine acceptors" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818512&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818516&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818514&type=", "width": "163.00000000", "height": "67.07981873", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "不同于简单对称结构，在嘧啶的4位或6位不对称连接单一给体单元，将使得嘧啶受体的取代关系更加多样化，有助于深入探究分子结构与发光性能的关系。在Ac-PM的基础上，Sasabe和Kido等对具有不对称结构的嘧啶类TADF化合物进行了研究" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "29", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R29", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "29" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。基于嘧啶核的TPPM受体，他们合成了三种取代位置不同的高性能TADF发光分子。不同的分子结构使得上述分子的发光性能呈现出显著差异，通过对受体取代位点的控制，可以进一步调控TADF分子的ICT特性、光色和效率。对于在嘧啶的2位连接苯基吖啶的Ac-46DPPM（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），嘧啶4,6位苯基取代基的作用使得分子的共轭体系得到延展，进而增强了分子内电荷转移特性，相应的 OLED 器件EL谱峰红移，CIE坐标为（0.16，0.21）。而应用在嘧啶4位连接吖啶基给体的CzAc-26DPPM制备的器件成功实现了效率的改善（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），EQE接近25%，表现出高效蓝光发射，证明了氮原子位置对嘧啶基TADF材料的光物理性能的重要影响。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3　基于喹唑啉受体的TADF材料" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "喹唑啉具有苯并嘧啶的稠环结构，是一种平面芳香杂环化合物，多用于生物医药领域" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "34", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R34", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "34" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "35", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R35", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "35" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R34", "R35" ], "text": "34-35", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，其结构相当于在嘧啶的5,6位稠合一个苯环，相比于嘧啶，喹唑啉具有延展的共轭平面，极大地增强了吸电子能力；同时其非对称结构增加了可用于分子修饰的位点，有利于材料发光性能的调控。喹唑啉中氮杂环的2位和4位反应活性高，通过苯基π桥分别与给体相连，可形成不对称的D-A-D型TADF分子，也可以通过直接连接取代基构建D-A型分子，其结构的多样性为高效有机分子设计提供了新的思路。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F5", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "喹唑啉单元结构示意图" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Illustration of quinazoline unit structure" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818518&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818521&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818519&type=", "width": "75.74853516", "height": "30.02597046", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "目前喹唑啉及其衍生物在OLED中应用的研究还很缺乏，在已有报道中多用作主体材料。2016年，王子兴等以喹唑啉为中心，设计合成了一系列分子，并将其作为OLED的主体材料，相应的红色磷光OLED获得了19.2%的最大外量子效率" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "36", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R36", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "36" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。Lee等直接或通过苯基间接将苯并咔唑和喹唑啉连接，得到了三种稳定的主体材料，对应的掺杂红色磷光OLED寿命得到极大的提高，是普通主体材料CBP掺杂的30倍以上" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "37", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R37", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "37" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。Kim等基于芴桥联喹唑啉衍生物合成了一种荧光客体材料，显示出有效的蓝光发射，CIE坐标为（0.18,0.24），证明了喹唑啉及其衍生物在开发新型蓝光OLED发光分子方面的巨大潜力，但相应的荧光OLED器件效率很低，EQE仅为1.58%" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "38", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R38", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "38" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2019年，本课题组首次引入喹唑啉单元（PQ）这一简单结构作为高效受体，设计合成了一类全新的D-A型TADF材料" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "39", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R39", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "39" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。选用吩噁嗪（PXZ）作为给体，基于喹唑啉单元中不同的取代位点，合成了4HQ-PXZ、 4PQ-PXZ、 2HQ-PXZ和2PQ-PXZ四种具有不同结构的TADF分子（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。四种分子都呈现出明显的扭曲结构，其Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "较小，在0.09~0.22 eV范围内，能够实现受体局域三重态（" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "LE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "A" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）和电荷转移单重态（" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "CT）之间有效的自旋轨道耦合，促进分子内电荷转移，进而表现出显著的TADF现象；且其最低三重态源自受体与已有大部分最低三重态位于给体上的TADF分子有所不同。其掺杂薄膜在空气中的延迟发射显著，瞬态发光光谱显示出微秒级的延迟荧光寿命（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "τ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "d" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "），光致发光量子产率（PLQY）高达67.5%~81.0%，基于2PQ-PXZ发光分子的OLED器件表现出绿光发射，实现了20.5%的EQE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，CE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为55.7 cd·A" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ", PE" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "max" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为54.7 lm·W" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表2", "type": "table", "rid": "T2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F6", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于喹唑啉受体的TADF分子结构" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Molecular structure of TADF based on quinazoline acceptors" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818523&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818527&type=", "big": 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}, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "495" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（0.35， 0.34）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5.4" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "5.14" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "41", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R41", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "41" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ], [ { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2PQ⁃PTZ" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "570" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（0.46， 0.52）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "25.0" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "72.2" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": 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"align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "562" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "—" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0.5" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "~0.5" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "~0.3" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "43", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R43", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "43" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ], [ { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2DPyPh⁃Qz" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "555" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（0.43， 0.55）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27.5" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "89.9" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "96.5" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "44", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R44", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "44" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] } ] ], "foot": [] } ], "graphics": { "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818534&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818531&type=", "width": "162.80000305", "height": "63.97500610", "fontsize": "" } } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "实现具有高色纯度的稳定蓝光器件，关键在于通过适当的有机分子设计，尽可能减小光谱的半峰宽（FWHM），提升窄带发射能力。2020年，我们使用喹唑啉受体实现了最大波长不超过450 nm的高色纯度稳定深蓝光发射" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "40", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R40", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "40" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。通过将喹唑啉（PQ）受体与弱给体咔唑（Cz）相结合，获得了三种深蓝色发光分子：2PQ-Cz、4PQ-Cz和24PQ-Cz，并系统研究了PQ单元中Cz的取代位置和取代数目对材料性能的影响。这些分子具有3.12~3.19 eV的光学带隙和3.12~3.19 eV的单重态能级，足以实现深蓝发光。相应的OLED器件显示出深蓝光发射，最大波长小于450 nm，FWHM约为60 nm。基于4PQ-Cz分子的OLED器件表现出优异的深蓝光，实现了" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "y" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.080的CIE值。三种OLED器件的电致发光（EL）光谱非常稳定，在5~9 V的电压范围内，相应的CIE坐标偏差（ΔCIE（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "x" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "," }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "y" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "））可以忽略不计。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "有机单分子白光OLED在实际照明应用中极具潜力。早在2013年，张红雨等就将喹唑啉分别与咔唑和二苯胺通过苯桥连接，得到4PQ-Cz和4PQ-NH两种D⁃A型蓝光分子，通过与控制酸质子化后的橙光发射相结合，实现了白色光致发光，为白光OLED的获得提供了一种新颖简单的方法，但尚未过多地关注效率问题" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "41", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R41", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "41" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2020年，我们通过连接喹唑啉受体和吩噻嗪给体，设计了两个分子2PQ-PTZ和4PQ-PTZ" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "42", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R42", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "42" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。二者均具有构象异构的特点，在稀溶液和薄膜中表现出准轴向（ax）构象和准赤道（eq）构象的双重发射，其晶体结构如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图7", "type": "fig", "rid": "F7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图7" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。两种构象表现出不同的发射特性，ax构象发射蓝光，eq构象发射橙光，不同构象发射的光形成一对完美的互补色，从而在溶液中能够呈现出白光发射的现象。X射线衍射结果证明了2PQ-PTZ单晶中ax和eq两种构象以1∶1的精确比例稳定共存。低浓度下二者共同发射，而随着掺杂浓度的增加，能量将发生由ax构象向eq构象的转移，使得eq构象的橙光发射逐渐占据主导地位，光谱红移明显。基于上述特性，通过简单地控制浓度，利用2PQ-PTZ可以很好地实现近纯白光发射。更为重要的是，由于垂直eq构象的Δ" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ST" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "较小，2PQ-PTZ可作为有效的TADF材料。基于2PQ-PTZ的白光OLED器件在1%的低掺杂条件下表现出很高的最大外量子效率，EQE值达到10.1%（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图８", "type": "fig", "rid": "F8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图８" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "），呈现暖白色发射，这是目前基于纯有机单分子白光发光分子（SPOMWLE） OLED报道的最高值。当掺杂比例增加到18%，基于2PQ-PTZ的橙光TADF OLED器件也表现出创纪录的高效率，EQE达到25.0%（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表2", "type": "table", "rid": "T2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F7", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2PQ-PTZ和4PQ-PTZ构象的晶体结构。 （a）2PQ-PTZ中准轴向“ax”构象（Ⅰ）和准赤道“eq”构象（Ⅱ）的晶体结构；（b）4PQ-PTZ准赤道“eq（1）”构象（Ⅲ）和“eq（2）” （Ⅳ）构象的晶体结构；（c）2PQ-PTZ和4PQ-PTZ不同扭转角下的柔性势能表面扫描" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "42", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R42", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "42" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.7" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Crystal structures of 2PQ-PTZ and 4PQ-PTZ conformers. H atoms have been omitted for clarity. （a）Crystal structure of “ax” （Ⅰ） and“eq” （Ⅱ） conformers of 2PQ-PTZ. （b）Crystal structure of “eq（1）” （Ⅲ） and “eq（2）” （Ⅳ） conformers of 4PQ-PTZ. （c）Flexible potential surface energy scanning of 2PQ-PTZ and 4PQ-PTZ at different twisted angles" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "42", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R42", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "42" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818538&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818550&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818546&type=", "width": "144.77380371", "height": "45.24682617", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F8", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）基于2PQ-PTZ的白光OLED在1 000 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的EL光谱（插图为OLED运行时的照片）；（b）基于2PQ-PTZ的白光OLED的电流密度和亮度随电压（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J⁃V⁃L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）变化特性；（c）基于2PQ-PTZ和4PQ-PTZ的黄光OLED的EL光谱；（d）黄光OLED的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J⁃V⁃L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "变化特性" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "42", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R42", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "42" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig.8" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）EL spectrum of 2PQ-PTZ-based white OLED at 1 000 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（the inset is the photo of OLED under operation）. （b）Current density and luminance " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "versus" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " voltage（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J⁃V⁃L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "） characteristics of 2PQ-PTZ-based white OLED. （c）EL spectra of 2PQ-PTZ and 4PQ-PTZ-based yellow OLEDs. （d）" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "J⁃V⁃L" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " characteristics of the yellow OLEDs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "［" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "42", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R42", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "42" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "］" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818553&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818559&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39818557&type=", "width": "132.55447388", "height": "78.17871094", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "此外，Grazulevicius等基于喹唑啉受体开发了一种白光激基复合物OLED。他们分别以叔丁基修饰的咔唑、二甲基吖啶和吩噻嗪作为给体部分，合成了三种化合物，通过DFT理论计算和实验，探究了其光物理性能、电化学性能和热力学性质。所合成的3,6-二叔丁基咔唑取代的喹唑啉基化合物在固体掺杂膜中能够与受体PO-T2T形成天蓝色发光激基复合物，也能够与给体m-MTDATA形成橙色发光激基复合物。基于上述激基复合系统，制得的白光OLED器件的外量子效率为0.5%，最大亮度为3 030 cd·m" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-2[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "43", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R43", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "43" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "由于单重态能级较低，基于喹唑啉-吩噁嗪的发光分子呈现绿色到绿黄色的电致发光。为优化发射偶极子水平取向，提高OLED器件效率，杨楚罗课题组通过进一步的分子修饰，在2PQ-PXZ的基础上，通过连接两个吡啶环来延伸受体平面，合成了绿光TADF分子2DPyPh-Qz，在掺杂薄膜中实现了79%的高水平偶极比和96%的高PLQY" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "44", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R44", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "44" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。基于这一分子的OLED具有27.5%的良好外量子效率，电流效率89.9 cd·A" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表2", "type": "table", "rid": "T2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "）。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4　总结与展望" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s4" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "经过三十多年的发展，有机电致发光技术逐渐成熟，OLED市场前景广阔，当前已在显示照明领域占有一席之地，并呈现出良好的发展趋势。热激活延迟荧光材料具有高效率、低成本的优异性能，有望取代传统磷光材料，在未来实现大规模的商业应用。合理设计D-A型分子结构是实现高效TADF材料的有效途径。嘧啶是一类性能良好的常见受体，其取代的多样性为有机分子结构设计提供了更多可能，近年来受到了研究人员的广泛关注。目前对于以嘧啶为受体核的D-A-D型对称TADF分子的研究日趋成熟，通过调节给体单元和取代基种类及位置，在蓝光、绿光OLED器件方面获得了令人满意的出色性能；而对于不对称结构，取代类型则更加多样化，有助于进一步调控分子的光电特性。基于嘧啶受体的TADF材料表现出良好的研究价值，但在实际亮度下的长期稳定性及高亮度下的效率衰减等问题仍面临挑战，有待开发新型分子以实现器件性能的突破。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "喹唑啉是由嘧啶衍生出来的一种新型TADF受体，苯并嘧啶的稠环结构使其具有比嘧啶更长的共轭长度和更大的共轭平面，进而表现出吸电子能力的增强。以此为基础开发的喹唑啉系列TADF发光分子，通过不同种类给体的连接，可以达到调控材料光物理性能的目的。基于喹唑啉类化合物的TADF OLED器件性能优异，外量子效率均超过20%，在高效蓝光以及白光OLED的开发方面极具发展潜力。另外，取代基的位置和种类对材料的发光性能影响显著，基于喹唑啉的不对称结构和不同的取代位点，通过特定位置取代基团的变化来进行适当的分子修饰，可有效改善材料的ICT特性，实现器件光色、色纯度及效率水平的提升。目前对基于喹唑啉受体的TADF材料发光性能的研究仍然较为缺乏，具有很大的研究空间。我们相信，随着对喹唑啉类受体研究的发展和深入，材料及器件性能有望得到进一步提升，从而在未来形成一类重要的材料体系，推动高效稳定的TADF材料在OLED领域的商业化进程。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文专家审稿意见及作者回复内容的下载地址：" }, { "name": "extlink", "data": { "text": [ { "name": 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