Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol

HUANG Zheng-yu; HUANG Ze-ming; ZHOU Li

doi:10.37188/CJL.20220073

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Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol

Luminescence Applications and Interdisciplinary Fields | Updated：2022-10-19

- Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol Enhanced Publication
- Chinese Journal of Luminescence Vol.43, Issue 6, (2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  College of Materials Science and Engineering， Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,China,541004
- Author bio：
- Funds：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A2097);Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2017GXNSFFA198002);Bagui Scholar Program of Guangxi Province
- DOI：10.37188/CJL.20220073 CLC： O482.31
- Published：05 June 2022，
  
  Received：05 March 2022，
  
  Revised：25 March 2022，
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黄铮钰,黄泽明,周立.高荧光效率硫量子点的简单制备及其在对硝基苯酚检测中的应用[J].发光学报,2022,43(06):952-960.

HUANG Zheng-yu,HUANG Ze-ming,ZHOU Li.Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(06):952-960.
黄铮钰,黄泽明,周立.高荧光效率硫量子点的简单制备及其在对硝基苯酚检测中的应用[J].发光学报,2022,43(06):952-960. DOI： 10.37188/CJL.20220073.

HUANG Zheng-yu,HUANG Ze-ming,ZHOU Li.Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(06):952-960. DOI： 10.37188/CJL.20220073.

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However， the SQDs usually suffer from the drawbacks of low fluorescence quantum yield（QY） and long preparation time， which significantly limit the practical application of SQDs. In this paper， we report a simple and viable method to prepare SQDs with high QY based on the one-step solvothermal treatment of elemental sulfur-ethylenediamine（EDA） precursor at 175 ℃ for 4 h. The prepared SQDs exhibited excellent water solubility and nearly monodisperse size distribution with size in the range of 1.6-3.8 nm. Different from other reported SQDs， the obtained SQDs showed excitation-independent emission behavior. The emission peak of the SQDs did not change with the variation of excitation wavelength. The maximum emission intensity was achieved when the excitation wavelength was 340 nm. Moreover， the fluorescence QY of SQDs was determined to be as high as 87%， which is much higher than other reported SQDs. The SQDs also displayed good fluorescence stability. When the solution pH was changed in the range of 4-9 or the SQDs solution was stored at room temperature for one month， the fluorescence intensity of SQDs did not change significantly. Furthermore， the SQDs can be used as an effective fluorescent probe for highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-nitrophenol（4-NP）. Owing to the presence of inner filter effect， the 4-NP can effectively quench the fluorescence of SQDs. When the concentration of 4-NP was in the range of 2-85 μmol/L， there was a good linear relationship between the relative fluorescence intensity（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "） of SQDs and the concentration of 4-NP. The limit of detection was calculated to be as low as 73.4 nmol/L. In addition， the SQDs were also successfully employed to sense 4-NP in tap water and river water with satisfactory performance." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "硫量子点" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "荧光探针" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "检测" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "对硝基苯酚" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "内滤效应" } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "sulfur quantum dots" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "fluorescent probe" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "detection" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "4-nitrophenol" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "inner filter effect" } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1　引　　言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "荧光硫量子点（SQDs）是一种不含金属离子的荧光纳米材料。2014年，李顺兴团队率先报道了SQDs的合成" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。他们利用金属硫化物量子点为原料，采用界面刻蚀氧化的方法合成了荧光量子产率为0.549%的SQDs。2018年，申丽华等报道了可以直接利用廉价易得的单质硫来制备SQDs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，为SQDs的低成本制备打开了一扇大门。与其他荧光纳米材料相比，SQDs由于其独特的组成，显示出了优良的光学性能、低毒性、良好的抗菌性能等特点。目前，SQDs已经在荧光检测、细胞成像、光催化、发光二极管、发光聚合物复合材料等多个领域展现出良好的应用前景" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "3", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "8", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "8" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R3", "R4", "R5", "R6", "R7", "R8" ], "text": "3-8", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。在过去的四年里，SQDs的制备取得了较大的进步，已经发展了不同的合成方法如双氧水刻蚀法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "9", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R9", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "9" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、氧气加速法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R10", "R11", "R12" ], "text": "10-12", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、超声法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、微波法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "14", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R14", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、水热法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "15", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R15", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等来制备不同性能的SQDs。然而，现有制备方法仍然存在一些问题，如制备过程繁琐、耗时太长、制得的SQDs的荧光量子产率低等，严重影响了SQDs的实际应用。因此，迫切需要开发一种简单有效的制备方法，以求能实现高荧光量子产率SQDs的简单和快速制备。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "对硝基苯酚（4-NP）是一类含有硝基的芳香族酚类化合物。作为常用的工业原料，4-NP已被广泛应用于纺织品、皮革、橡胶、医药、染料等的制造" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "16", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R16", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "16" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R16", "R17" ], "text": "16-17", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，然而，在工业生产过程中4-NP会不可避免地泄露到水体环境和土壤中。由于具有毒性高、生物降解性差、水溶性强等特点，4-NP会对生物体和水体环境造成不可逆转的危害。美国环境保护署（US EPA）认为水中4-NP的最大安全浓度值应低于0.413 μmol/L" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。为了检测水中的4-NP含量，已经开发了多种分析技术如毛细管电泳、电化学、高效液相色谱等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "19", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R19", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "21", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R21", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R19", "R20", "R21" ], "text": "19-21", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，但这些技术仍然存在设备昂贵、操作复杂、样品制备耗时长、检测成本高等缺点，难以满足4-NP的快速和低成本检测要求。相比之下，荧光检测技术具有简单、快速、灵敏度高等优点，已在分析检测领域中展现出了独特的魅力。近年来，已有多种荧光纳米材料如半导体量子点、金属纳米簇、荧光碳点等被用作荧光探针来检测4-NP" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "22", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R22", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "22" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "24", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R24", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "24" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R22", "R23", "R24" ], "text": "22-24", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。然而，这些探针在实际检测应用过程中存在毒性较大、制备成本高、选择性差等问题。因此，亟待发展一种生物相容性好且制备过程简单的荧光纳米探针材料，以实现对4-NP的高灵敏度和高选择性检测。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文报道了一种简单快速的一步溶剂热法来制备高荧光效率的SQDs。以单质硫和乙二胺的混合液作为前驱体，在水热反应釜中于175 ℃溶剂热反应4 h即可制得具有高荧光量子产率的SQDs。该SQDs的荧光对4-NP非常敏感。本文还详细研究了SQDs作为荧光探针检测4-NP的性能。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2　实　　验" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.1　试剂和仪器" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "主要试剂：硫粉、乙二胺（EDA）、对硝基苯酚（4-NP）、间硝基苯酚（3-NP）、邻硝基苯酚（2-NP）、硝基苯（Nit）、双酚A（Bpa）、甲苯（Tol）、苯酚（Phe）、乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）、各种无机盐等均为分析纯级别，购自北京伊诺凯科技有限公司。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "主要测试仪器：透射电子显微镜（TEM）（型号：JEOL-2010）、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）（型号：Thermo Nexus470）、拉曼光谱仪（型号：LabRam-1B）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）（型号：Kratos Axis UltraDLD）、紫外-可见光分光光度计（型号：Shimadzu UV-3600）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）（型号：Holland PANalytical X’Pert PRO）、荧光光谱仪（型号：HORIBA FluoroMax-4）。SQDs的绝对荧光量子产率采用配置有积分球的FluoroMax-4（HORIBA）荧光光谱仪测得，测试的激发波长为340 nm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.2　硫量子点合成" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，0.9 g硫粉加入到10 mL乙二胺中搅拌溶解后，将得到的混合液倒入体积为50 mL的水热反应釜中，然后加热至175 ℃反应4 h。反应结束后，自然冷却至室温，将得到的棕黑色液体缓慢滴加到冰乙醇中沉淀并离心分离。最后，将离心收集到的固体置于真空烘箱中于45 ℃真空干燥12 h，即制得了干燥的SQDs粉末。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "高荧光效率SQDs的制备及其作为荧光探针检测4-NP示意图" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Schematic illustration of the preparation of highly fluorescent SQDs for detection of 4-NP" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879294&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879301&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879297&type=", "width": "100.73767090", "height": "29.54324341", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.3　荧光检测4⁃NP" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "先将400 μL的SQDs水溶液（0.4 mg/mL）加入到3.5 mL的石英皿中，然后分别加入不同体积的4-NP（2 mmol/L）混合，最后往上述石英皿中加入去离子水稀释至3 mL。上述混合液在室温下震荡2 min 后，用荧光光谱仪测定混合液的荧光光谱。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.4　选择性检测" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2d" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "先将400 μL的SQDs水溶液（0.4 mg/mL）分别与75 μL浓度为2 mmol/L的待测物（如无机盐和酚类物质）的水溶液混合，然后用去离子水稀释混合液体积至3 mL。混合液在室温下震荡2 min后，用荧光光谱仪测定混合液的荧光光谱。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3　结果与讨论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.1　SQDs表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "用TEM观察了SQDs的形貌（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a）），结果表明制得的SQDs为球形，尺寸均一，呈近单分散的粒径分布（1.6~3.8 nm）。高分辨TEM照片中可以清楚地观察到SQDs的晶格条纹，晶格间距为0.210 nm，这与已经报道的SQDs的结果相吻合" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "," }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "25", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R25", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "25" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。用FTIR、拉曼光谱、XPS等测定了SQDs的结构和组成。SQDs与EDA的FTIR谱图非常相似（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（b）），位于3 420 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和2 950 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "附近的特征吸收峰分别为N—H和C—H的伸缩振动峰，在1 510 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的特征吸收峰来自于N—H的弯曲振动峰，表明SQDs的表面覆盖有EDA分子，这不仅可以赋予SQDs优良的溶解性，而且还能为SQDs的进一步化学改性提供氨基基团。拉曼光谱结果表明（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（c）），SQDs位于150.88，217.41，407.52 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的拉曼特征峰与升华硫粉的拉曼特征峰一致，证实了制得的纳米颗粒是SQDs。XPS全谱图表明（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（d）），SQDs样品中含有S、C、N、O等元素，其中C和N元素来自EDA分子，而O元素的存在可能是由于SQDs表面的部分S原子被氧化了。为了进一步研究S元素的存在形式，测定了SQDs的S2p谱图（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（e））。结果表明，SQDs表面的S元素主要以零价态S（S[0]）、多硫根（S" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "x" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）、SO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、SO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2-" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等形式存在。另外，SQDs的N1s谱图（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（f））中清楚地显示了属于N—H和C—N键的特征峰，这与EDA的分子结构和FTIR谱图结果一致。这一结果也说明了EDA与SQDs之间没有化学键生成，主要是以物理作用包覆在SQDs的表面。值得一提的是，在相同反应条件下，直接利用乙二胺为原料进行溶剂热处理只能得到少量可以发出较弱荧光的粘稠状物质。由于该粘稠状物质可以很好地溶于乙醇中，而SQDs难溶于乙醇，因而在SQDs的后处理过程中选用乙醇作为沉淀剂来除去这些副产物。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）SQDs的透射电子显微镜（TEM）照片，插图为SQDs的高分辨率TEM照片；（b）SQDs和乙二胺的红外光谱；（c）SQDs和升华硫的拉曼光谱。SQDs的XPS全谱（d）、S2p谱（e）和N1s谱（f）。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）TEM and high-resolution TEM images of SQDs. （b）FTIR spectra of SQDs and EDA. （c）Raman spectra of SQDs and sublimed sulfur. XPS survey（d）， S2p（e）， and N1s（f） spectra of SQDs." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879308&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879317&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879312&type=", "width": "135.37854004", "height": "71.49813843", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.2　SQDs的光学性质" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "制得的SQDs显示出优异的水溶性和胶体稳定性，其水溶液即使放置3个月也没有出现明显的沉淀物（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a））。SQDs水溶液的紫外-可见光谱（UV-Vis）如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a）所示，其在214 nm和265 nm处出现了明显的特征吸收峰，分别归属于S原子的n→σ" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "*" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和n→π" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "*" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "电子跃迁" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "," }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。值得一提的是，与以往报道的SQDs具有激发波长依赖的发射峰不同" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "9", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R9", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "9" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R9", "R10", "R11", "R12", "R13" ], "text": "9-13", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，该SQDs的荧光发射峰位置不会随激发波长的改变而变化（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（b））。当激发波长在280~400 nm范围内变化时，SQDs的发射峰位置基本不变，均位于423 nm左右，仅荧光强度发生变化。当激发波长为340 nm时，SQDs的荧光强度最大，这与SQDs的激发谱结果一致（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a））。经测定，SQDs的绝对荧光量子产率（QY）达到了87％，大大高于已经报道的SQDs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "8", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "8" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R8", "R9", "R10", "R11", "R12", "R13" ], "text": "8-13", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。此外，该SQDs还展现出了良好的荧光稳定性。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（c）所示，当pH在4~9范围内，改变SQDs水溶液的pH对SQDs的荧光强度没有明显影响。同时，即使在室温下避光保存一个月，SQDs水溶液的发射光谱也基本没有发生变化（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（d））。SQDs良好的荧光稳定性为其作为荧光探针应用于复杂环境中的荧光检测奠定了良好的基础。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）SQDs水溶液的紫外-可见光吸收光谱（Abs）、激发光谱（Ex）和发射光谱（Em），插图：SQDs水溶液在室温下放置90 d前（左图）、后（右图）的照片；（b）不同激发波长下SQDs的发射光谱；（c）pH对SQDs荧光强度的影响，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "分别代表SQDs溶液在pH为7和其他pH时的荧光强度；（d）SQDs水溶液放置不同时间后的发射光谱（激发波长为340 nm）。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）UV-Vis absorption（Abs）， excitation（Ex） and emission（Em） spectra of aqueous solution of SQDs. Inset： photographs of aqueous solution of SQDs before（left） and after（right） being stored at room temperature for 90 d. （b）Emission spectra of SQDs solution with different excitation wavelengths. （c）Effect of solution pH on the fluorescence intensity of SQDs. " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " and " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I " } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "represent the fluorescence intensity of SQDs solution at pH 7 and other pH values， respectively. （d）Emission spectra of SQDs solution after being stored for different time（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ex" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " = 340 nm）." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879322&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879332&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879327&type=", "width": "117.34674072", "height": "88.77099609", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.3　SQDs荧光检测4⁃NP" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "SQDs的荧光对4-NP表现出特异性的猝灭响应，当向SQDs水溶液中滴加4-NP溶液时，SQDs的荧光强度显著下降（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a））。为了获得4-NP对SQDs荧光的最佳猝灭条件，考察了4-NP与SQDs的接触时间（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（b））、SQDs溶液的加入量（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（c））、溶液pH（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（d））等对SQDs/4-NP体系的荧光猝灭效果的影响。结果表明，当SQDs与4-NP接触时间达到120 s时，猝灭反应即达到了平衡；SQDs溶液的最佳加入量为400 μL（0.4 mg/mL）；最佳溶液pH为7。在最佳猝灭条件下，随着SQDs/4-NP体系中4-NP浓度不断增加，SQDs的荧光强度逐渐下降（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图 5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图 5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a））。当4-NP的浓度为300 μmol/L时，SQDs溶液的荧光几乎被完全猝灭。进一步研究发现，当4-NP的浓度在2~20 μmol/L和20~85 μmol/L范围时，SQDs溶液的相对荧光强度（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为SQDs溶液的初始荧光强度，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为加入4-NP后SQDs溶液的荧光强度）与4-NP的浓度呈现出良好的线性关系（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（b）），相关系数（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "R" } ] }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）分别达到0.998和0.993。在信噪比为3的条件下，SQDs对4-NP的检测限为73.4 nmol/L，远低于水中4-NP允许的最低浓度（0.413 μmol/L），也优于已报道的其他荧光探针如" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "β" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "环糊精包覆的ZnO量子点（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "β" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "-CD@ZnO QDs）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "26", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R26", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "26" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、碳点（CD）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "27", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R27", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "27" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "、氮掺杂碳点（N-CD）" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "28", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R28", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "28" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "等。通过测定4-NP水溶液的紫外-可见吸收光谱，发现4-NP在200~460 nm范围内有明显的吸收峰。其吸收峰位置与SQDs的激发和发射谱有大面积重叠（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（c）），这会导致SQDs的激发光和发射光被4-NP屏蔽和吸收，产生荧光猝灭现象。通常来说，这种光谱重叠导致的荧光猝灭现象可能归因于内滤效应（IFE）或荧光共振能量转移（FRET）效应。为了进一步研究SQDs/4-NP体系的荧光猝灭机制，测定了SQDs溶液加入4-NP前后的时间分辨荧光衰减曲线。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（d）所示，4-NP的加入对SQDs的荧光衰减曲线影响不大。加入4-NP前后，SQDs的荧光寿命分别为9.26 ns和9.13 ns，没有明显变化。这一结果表明，SQDs/4-NP体系荧光猝灭的主要原因是由于SQDs与4-NP之间存在IFE" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": " [" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R11", "R12" ], "text": "11-12", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）加入4-NP前后SQDs的发射光谱（激发波长为340 nm），4-NP的浓度为200 μmol/L； SQDs和4-NP的接触时间（b）、SQDs溶液的加入量（c）、溶液pH（d）等对SQDs/4-NP体系荧光猝灭效果的影响。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）Emission spectra of SQDs solution before and after mixing 4-NP（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ex" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " = 340 nm）. The concentration of 4-NP is 200 μmol/L. Effects of contact time（b）， volume of added SQDs solution（c）， and solution pH（d） on the fluorescence quenching efficiency of SQDs/4-NP system." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879341&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879351&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879346&type=", "width": "114.74841309", "height": "90.03826904", "fontsize": "" } ] } }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F5", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）SQDs与不同浓度4-NP混合后的发射光谱（激发波长为340 nm）；（b）4-NP浓度在0~85 μmol/L范围内，其浓度与SQDs溶液的相对荧光强度（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）之间的关系；（c）4-NP水溶液的紫外-可见光吸收光谱和SQDs水溶液的最大激发和发射光谱；（d）SQDs溶液与4-NP（浓度为300 μmol/L）混合前后的时间分辨荧光衰减曲线。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）Emission spectra of SQDs solution after adding different concentrations of 4-NP（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ex" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=340 nm）. （b）" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " value of SQDs solution in response to the concentration of 4-NP in the range of 0-85 μmol/L. （c）UV-Vis absorption spectrum of aqueous solution of 4-NP， and the maximum excitation and emission spectra of SQDs. （d）Time-resolved fluorescence-decay curves of SQDs solution before and after mixing 300 μmol/L of 4-NP." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879356&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879366&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879361&type=", "width": "128.92138672", "height": "98.41561890", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.4　选择性检测" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3d" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "由于在实际的检测环境中可能会存在一些干扰性的物质，本文考察了多种与4-NP结构类似的酚类物质以及水环境中常存在的离子对SQDs荧光的影响。如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（a）所示，虽然2-NP和3-NP也能使SQDs的荧光产生猝灭，但与同浓度的4-NP相比，它们的猝灭效果甚微。当金属离子和4-NP浓度均为50 μmol/L时（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（b）），大部分的金属离子对SQDs荧光的猝灭效应可以忽略，只有Fe" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3+" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "显示出了一定的猝灭效果，但仍远低于4-NP。此外，其他的酚类或芳香类分子对SQDs的荧光基本没有猝灭效果（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（c））。不仅如此，即使往SQDs溶液中同时加入4-NP和其他金属离子或阴离子，这些共存离子对SQDs/4-NP体系的猝灭效果都没有明显的影响（" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图6", "type": "fig", "rid": "F6", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "（d））。从上述结果可知，SQDs对4-NP具有特异性的荧光响应，这主要是因为4-NP与SQDs之间存在强的IFE。因此，SQDs有望作为一种荧光纳米探针来实现对4-NP的高选择性检测。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F6", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）SQDs分别与2-NP、3-NP和4-NP混合后的发射光谱（激发波长为340 nm），酚类物质的浓度均为50 μmol/L；SQDs 与不同金属离子（b）和不同酚类物质（c）混合后的" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "值，金属离子与酚类物质的浓度均为50 μmol/L；（d）共存离子对SQDs/4-NP体系荧光猝灭效果的影响。" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "和" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "分别代表SQDs溶液中加入不同物质前后的荧光强度。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 6" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "（a）Emission spectra of SQDs after mixing 50 μmol/L of 2-NP， 3-NP， and 4-NP（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "λ" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ex" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " = 340 nm）. " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I/I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " value of SQDs solution before and after mixing 50 μmol/L of different metal ions（b） and phenols（c）. （d）Effect of coexisting ions on the fluorescence quenching efficiency of SQDs/4-NP system. " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "0" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " and " }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " represent the fluorescence intensity of SQDs solution before and after adding different substances， respectively." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879372&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879381&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=35879376&type=", "width": "142.34307861", "height": "114.68797302", "fontsize": "" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.5　实际水样中的4⁃NP检测" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3e" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "为了进一步验证SQDs对4-NP的实际检测能力，本文选择实验室的自来水和广西桂林漓江的江水作为实际水样，采用标准加入法来评价真实水样中SQDs对4-NP检测的回收率。结果如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "表1", "type": "table", "rid": "T1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，实际测得的4-NP浓度与理论值很接近，4-NP的回收率在97.74％~102.90％范围内。同时，每一组5次重复实验的相对标准偏差（RSD）在0.55％~3.34％范围内。这些结果表明，SQDs在实际检测过程中能够抵抗水样中微量杂质所产生的干扰，有潜力作为荧光探针应用于实际水样中的4-NP检测。" } ] }, { "name": "table", "data": { "id": "T1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "表1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "实际水样中4-NP的检测结果" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Tab.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Monitoring of 4-NP in real water samples（" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "n" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": " = 5）" } ] } ], "note": [], "table": [ { "head": [ [ { "align": "center", "style": "border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Water sample" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Added/（μmol·L" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Found/（μmol·L" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "）" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Recovery/%" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "RSD/%" } ] } ] ], "body": [ [ { "align": "left", "data": [] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10.00" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10.29" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "102.90" } ] }, { "align": 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] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1.43" } ] } ], [ { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Lijiang River water" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "20.00" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19.69" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "98.45" } ] }, { "align": "center", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1.51" } ] } ], [ { "align": "left", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "50.00" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "48.87" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "97.74" } ] }, { "align": "center", "style": "border-bottom:solid;", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.34" } ] } ] ], "foot": [] } ], "graphics": { "small": 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" }, { "name": "text", "data": " doi: " }, { "name": "extlink", "data": { "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10.1039/c5ra26870b" } ], "href": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26870b" } } ], "title": "Highly photoluminescent pH-independent nitrogen-doped carbon dots for sensitive and selective sensing of p-nitrophenol" } ] } ] }, "response": [], "contributions": [], "acknowledgements": [], "conflict": [], "supportedby": [], "articlemeta": { "doi": "10.37188/CJL.20220073", "clc": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "O482.31" } ] ], "dc": [ { "name": "text", "data": "A" } ], "publisherid": "1000-7032（2022）06-0952-09", "citeme": [ { "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "黄铮钰,黄泽明,周立.高荧光效率硫量子点的简单制备及其在对硝基苯酚检测中的应用[J].发光学报,2022,43(06):952-960." } ], "text": "黄铮钰,黄泽明,周立.高荧光效率硫量子点的简单制备及其在对硝基苯酚检测中的应用[J].发光学报,2022,43(06):952-960." }, { "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "HUANG Zheng-yu,HUANG Ze-ming,ZHOU Li.Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(06):952-960." } ], "text": "HUANG Zheng-yu,HUANG Ze-ming,ZHOU Li.Facile Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Sulfur Quantum Dots for Detection of 4-Nitrophenol[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2022,43(06):952-960." } ], "fundinggroup": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "国家自然科学基金（U21A2097）；广西自然科学基金（2017GXNSFFA198002）；广西八桂学者计划资助项目" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（U21A2097）； Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province （2017GXNSFFA198002）； Bagui Scholar Program of Guangxi Province" } ] } ], "history": { "received": "2022-03-05", "revised": "2022-03-25", "ppub": "2022-06-05", "opub": "2022-10-19" } }, "appendix": [], "type": "research-article", "ethics": [], "supplementary": [], "journalTitle": "发光学报", "issue": "6", "volume": "43", "originalSource": [] }

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