Preparation of Graphene Quantum Dots by Laser-induced Polydimethylsiloxane Enhanced Publication

{ "defaultlang": "zh", "titlegroup": { "articletitle": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "激光诱导聚二甲基硅氧烷制备石墨烯量子点" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Preparation of Graphene Quantum Dots by Laser-induced Polydimethylsiloxane" } ] } ] }, "contribgroup": { "author": [ { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "刘", "givenname": "金萍", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LIU", "givenname": "Jin-ping", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [ "first-author" ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "刘金萍(1996-)，女，山西运城人，硕士研究生，2019年于中北大学获得学士学位，主要从事石墨烯量子点制备的研究。E-mail: s1906033@163.com" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919090&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919094&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919098&type=" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "刘金萍" }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1996-)，女，山西运城人，硕士研究生，2019年于中北大学获得学士学位，主要从事石墨烯量子点制备的研究。E-mail: " }, { "name": "text", "data": "s1906033@163.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "s1906033@163.com", "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "李", "givenname": "欣", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LI", "givenname": "Xin", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "王", "givenname": "瑞荣", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "WANG", "givenname": "Rui-rong", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "郭", "givenname": "浩", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "GUO", "givenname": "Hao", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "唐", "givenname": "军", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "TANG", "givenname": "Jun", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "刘", "givenname": "俊", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LIU", "givenname": "Jun", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [], "deceased": false }, { "name": [ { "lang": "zh", "surname": "刘", "givenname": "丽双", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" }, { "lang": "en", "surname": "LIU", "givenname": "Li-shuang", "namestyle": "eastern", "prefix": "" } ], "stringName": [], "aff": [ { "rid": "aff1", "text": "1" } ], "role": [ "corresp" ], "corresp": [ { "rid": "cor1", "lang": "en", "text": "E-mail: lls@nuc.edu.cn", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "E-mail: lls@nuc.edu.cn" } ] } ], "bio": [ { "lang": "zh", "text": [ "刘丽双(1967-)，女，山西太原人，博士，高级实验师，2012年于中北大学获得博士学位，主要从事MEMS传感器设计与制造的研究。E-mail: lls@nuc.edu.com" ], "graphic": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919102&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919107&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919111&type=" } ], "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "刘丽双" }, { "name": "text", "data": "(1967-)，女，山西太原人，博士，高级实验师，2012年于中北大学获得博士学位，主要从事MEMS传感器设计与制造的研究。E-mail: " }, { "name": "text", "data": "lls@nuc.edu.com" } ] ] } ], "email": "lls@nuc.edu.com", "deceased": false } ], "aff": [ { "id": "aff1", "intro": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": "1", "text": "中北大学　仪器与电子学院，山西　太原　030051", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "中北大学　仪器与电子学院，山西　太原　030051" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": "1", "text": "School of Instrumentation and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "School of Instrumentation and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China" } ] } ] } ] }, "abstracts": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "采用简单、绿色、低成本的方法合成石墨烯量子点(GQDs)一直是研究者们不断追求和探究的热点。本文首先采用简单、低成本的激光诱导聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)方法成功制备出有缺陷的少层石墨烯，然后再以所制备的石墨烯为碳源，采用一步水热法成功制备出了分散性良好、横向平均尺寸约为6.67 nm、发稳定蓝色荧光的GQDs溶液。分别采用透射电镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱、紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱对GQDs的形貌和荧光特性进行了表征。以硫酸奎宁为标准参考物，计算所得GQDs的荧光量子产率约为6.3%。本研究提出的制备GQDs的方法具有简单、低成本、低污染的优势，为石墨烯量子点的制备提供了一种新途径、新参考，也为石墨烯量子点大规模商业化制备提供了潜力。" } ] } ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Using simple, green and low-cost methods to synthesize graphene quantum dots(GQDs) has always been a hot topic pursued and explored by researchers. In this paper, a simple and low-cost laser-induced polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) method was used to successfully prepare the defective graphene with few layers. Then, using the prepared graphene as carbon source, the GQDs with good dispersion, transverse average size of about 6.67 nm and stable blue fluorescence GQDs solution were successfully prepared by one-step hydrothermal method. The morphology and blue fluorescence characteristics of GQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM), Raman spectroscopy, UV absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Taking quinine sulfate as the standard reference, the calculated fluorescence quantum yield of GQDs is about 6.3%. The method of preparing GQDs proposed in this study has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and low pollution. It provides a new way and new reference for the preparation of GQDs, and also provides potential for the large-scale commercial preparation of GQDs." } ] } ] } ], "keyword": [ { "lang": "zh", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "激光诱导" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯量子点" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "水热法" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "荧光特性" } ] ] }, { "lang": "en", "data": [ [ { "name": "text", "data": "laser induced" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "graphene" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "graphene quantum dots" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "hydrothermal method" } ], [ { "name": "text", "data": "fluorescence properties" } ] ] } ], "highlights": [], "body": [ { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "引言" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯量子点(Graphene quantum dots, GQDs)是一种横向尺寸在100 nm以内、纵向厚度在几个层数的石墨烯小碎片" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "1", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "2", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R1", "R2" ], "text": "1-2", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。GQDs不仅具有石墨烯的优异性能，而且由于小尺寸引起的显著量子约束效应和边缘效应，使其具有稳定的荧光特性、低毒性、良好的生物相容性等优异性能，在光催化、生物医学、金属离子检测、能量转换与存储、传感器等方面具有非常广泛的应用" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "3", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "7", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R7", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "7" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R3", "R4", "R5", "R6", "R7" ], "text": "3-7", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "目前，GQDs的制备方法主要分为“自下而上”和“自上而下”两大类方法" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "8", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R8", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "8" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。自下而上法主要是通过溶液化学法、热解碳化法将小分子的有机物(如葡萄糖、柠檬酸)合成小尺寸的GQDs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "9", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R9", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "9" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，它的优点在于可以通过控制反应条件来调节GQDs的尺寸大小和形状，但相对而言存在制备过程严苛、复杂、制备周期过长的缺点。相比于自下而上法，自上而下法主要是通过化学氧化切割法、水热法、电化学氧化法等将大尺寸的碳材料(如石墨、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯)裁剪成小尺寸的GQDs" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "10", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R10", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "10" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，这些方法相对简单，但成本高昂、制备过程中使用强酸强碱等有毒、有腐蚀性的试剂，对研究人员和环境都存在着潜在的危险。因此，探索一种工艺简单、低污染、低成本、安全的方法合成GQDs非常重要。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯的合成方法有机械剥离法、氧化还原法、化学气相沉积法等" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "11", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R11", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "11" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。但在2014年，Lin等提出了一种激光诱导制备石墨烯的方法(Laser induced graphene,LIG)" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "12", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R12", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "12" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，即利用CO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "红外激光器在商业聚酰亚胺薄膜上制备出了三维多孔石墨烯，该方法简单、快速、无需催化剂、普通环境条件下就可进行，且前驱体选择非常丰富" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "13", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R13", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "13" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。所利用的原理为光热效应，且使用任何超过前驱体材料能量阈值的激光器都可制备出石墨烯" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "14", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R14", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "14" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为一种柔性透明材料，分子式为(C" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "H" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "6" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "OSi)" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "n" } ] } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "，无毒且成本低廉，其良好的拉伸性有助于生成材料更好地剥离。利用激光在PDMS表面制备石墨烯，是一种简单、低成本的方法，并且该方法和以其所制备的石墨烯作为前驱体制备GQDs溶液，先前未见报道。水热法是目前制备GQDs最常用的方法，在高温高压下，石墨烯很容易被裁剪为小尺寸的GQDs。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "基于此，本文提出了一种简单、低成本、低污染的GQDs制备方法。先以PDMS为前驱体材料，利用532 nm绿色激光器，通过控制激光的功率、扫描速率和重复次数，在前驱体上制备出黑色有较少缺陷的少层石墨烯。然后再以所制备的石墨烯为前驱体材料，通过一步水热法合成了稳定的发明亮蓝色荧光的GQDs溶液，并通过透射电镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱、紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱对量子点溶液进行了表征。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "实验" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s2" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GQDs合成" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本实验合成GQDs主要分为三步:(1)通过控制激光功率、扫描速率和重复次数，在PDMS表面合成石墨烯；(2)使用超声细胞粉碎机，在强烈的机械粉碎作用下，将制备好的多层石墨烯粉碎为小尺寸的少层石墨烯结构；(3)将分散液倒入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中，水热法制备GQDs。整个过程如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图1", "type": "fig", "rid": "F1", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F1", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯量子点合成方法" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Synthesis of GQDs" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919116&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919125&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919120&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "具体过程如下:" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "第一步:PDMS选用道康宁DC184硅橡胶，其主剂与固化剂按10∶1(5 mL∶0.5 mL)比例倒入烧杯中，使用玻璃棒搅拌5 min，使之混合均匀。然后将烧杯中混合好的样品倒入培养皿中，放入真空箱中去除气泡。接着将其放在80 ℃恒温加热台上固化半小时，制备出厚度约为2 mm的PDMS。最后将固化好的PDMS切成1 cm×5 cm的小块放在载玻片上。使用20×物镜，532 nm绿光激光器，控制激光功率在0.8 W，扫描速率为1 mm/s，扫描长度1 cm，重复扫描3次，连续扫描，形成大面积黑色物质。PDMS前驱体材料可重复使用。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "第二步:将前驱体上制备的黑色物质剥离下来，倒入装有10 mL乙醇溶液的液体瓶中，放入超声细胞粉碎机中，超声分散30 min。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "第三步:将分散溶液倒入25 mL聚四氟乙烯反应釜中，180 ℃下反应10 h。反应结束后，冷却至室温，静置，取上清液，或过滤除去溶液中的大颗粒杂质，得到GQDs溶液。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "实验仪器" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s2b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "利用英国雷尼绍公司(Renishaw)生产的InVia系列拉曼光谱仪(514 nm波长)对所制备的样品进行拉曼表征，50×显微物镜进行聚焦。利用美国FEI Tian Themis透射电子显微镜对量子点形貌进行表征。利用爱丁堡FLS1000荧光光谱仪对GQDs溶液进行荧光光谱测定。紫外-可见吸收光谱利用日本岛津紫外分光光度计进行测试。利用宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司JY96-11N超声细胞粉碎机进行超声分散。选用Origin 2018软件对所有实验数据进行处理。所有测试过程均在室温环境下进行。" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "结果与讨论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s3" } }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.1" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯拉曼光谱表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3a" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "拉曼光谱是对碳材料的一种有效的表征方法，石墨烯的拉曼光谱有3个典型的特征峰，分别是位于1 350 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "附近的D峰、1 580 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "附近的G峰和2 700 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "附近的2D峰。其中D峰反映碳材料内部的缺陷和无序排列程度；G峰由碳材料sp" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "杂化结构引起，反映样品内部的结晶程度；2D峰由双声子共振跃迁散射引起，反映石墨烯的层厚。用D峰与G峰的相对强度之比(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ")来表示石墨烯的缺陷程度，比值越小，石墨烯的质量越好。用2D峰与G峰的相对强度之比(" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ")来表示石墨烯的层数，比值越大，石墨烯的层数越少，比值大于1为单层石墨烯" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "blockXref", "data": { "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "15", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R15", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "15" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "-" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "17", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R17", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "17" } ] } } ], "rid": [ "R15", "R16", "R17" ], "text": "15-17", "type": "bibr" } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "激光作用在PDMS表面可以肉眼观察到明显的黑线形成，当激光能量超过前驱体材料的能量阈值时就可使之转化为石墨烯，且判断依据为拉曼光谱中2D峰的出现" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "18", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R18", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "18" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。由于激光为高斯分布，所以激光作用在PDMS表面所拉黑线的形貌在20×物镜的光学显微镜下如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示，在图中可以看到其中间有一条明显的黑线，以这条黑线的中心为对称轴，依次向边缘对不同部位进行了拉曼表征，归一化后如" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "所示。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中红色曲线为测试部位1处的拉曼光谱，可以观察到3个明显的特征峰，分别是位于1 350 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的D峰、1 580 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的G峰、2 702 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处的2D峰，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.43," }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.94，表明该部分为有较少缺陷的少层(" }, { "name": "text", "data": "<" }, { "name": "text", "data": "5)石墨烯。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中的蓝色曲线为测试部位2处的拉曼光谱，可以看到有明显的D峰、G峰和2D峰出现，分别位于1 353,1 580,2 700 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.71," }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2D" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "/" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "I" } ] }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "G" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "=0.94。其D峰强度明显大于1处中间测试部位，说明越靠近黑线边缘的位置，缺陷越大。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中绿色曲线为测试部位3处的拉曼光谱，与1、2处相比，其D峰强度大于G峰，且2D峰明显减小，表明该部分缺陷较高，石墨化程度不高。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图2(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F2", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中粉色曲线为测试部位4处的拉曼光谱，可以看到其D峰和G峰非常强，且有微弱2D峰出现，说明该部分已开始碳化，且刚刚开始石墨化。再往外，所测部位的拉曼光谱就没有明显的突出峰，说明该部分的激光能量还不足以使前驱体PDMS材料开始碳化。综上所述，532 nm激光作用在PDMS表面所拉整个线的情况为:中间黑色物质是有较少缺陷的少层石墨烯，从中间向外所制备的样品层数越厚，缺陷越多，包含了石墨烯、石墨化、碳化、未反应4种状态。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F2", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)光学显微镜下黑色线条的形貌(20×物镜下，红色方框为测试部位);(b)不同部位的拉曼光谱(归一化)。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)Shape of the black line under the optical microscope(under the 20× objective lens, the red box is the test part). (b)Raman spectra of different parts(normalized)." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919130&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919139&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919135&type=" } ] } } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.2" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GQDs荧光特性表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3b" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "石墨烯量子点具有非常好的荧光特性，所制备的样品溶液在可见光下呈无色，在365 nm紫外激光照射下，发出明亮的蓝色荧光(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "中插图)。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "为GQDs溶液的紫外-吸收光谱，从图中可以看到，GQDs溶液在203 nm和233 nm处有较强的吸收峰，代表芳香环中C" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919144&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919150&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919147&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "C键的π-π" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "*" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "跃迁，表明GQDs的石墨烯结构。265 nm处有个微弱的肩峰，表示C" }, { "name": "inlineformula", "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919153&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919158&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919156&type=" } } } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "O 键的n-π" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "*" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "跃迁" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "19", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R19", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "19" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "为365 nm紫外激发光下GQDs溶液的荧光发射峰，峰值在449 nm处，表明样品溶液具有很好的荧光特性。为了探究GQDs的稳定性，对所制备的GQDs进行了为期12 d的荧光测试，每隔两天测试一次。从12 d GQDs溶液荧光稳定性测试结果(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图3(c)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F3", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3(c)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ")可以看出，12 d内，GQDs溶液的荧光强度有微弱的下降，但保持稳定趋势，表明所制备的GQDs溶液具有非常良好稳定的荧光特性。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F3", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)GQDs的紫外-吸收光谱；(b)GQDs的荧光光谱；(c)在365 nm紫外光照射下的GQDs溶液的光稳定性测试。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)UV-absorption spectrum of GQDs. (b)Fluorescence spectrum of GQDs. (c)Photostability test of GQDs solution under 365 nm UV light." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919160&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919164&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919162&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GQDs的荧光量子产率以硫酸奎宁为标准参考，通过公式(1)计算得到。已知硫酸奎宁溶解于0.1 mol·L" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "的H" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "2" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "SO" }, { "name": "sub", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "中，量子产率为0.54，量子产率计算公式如下" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "20", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R20", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "20" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": ":" } ] }, { "name": "dispformula", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(1)" } ], "data": [ { "name": "math", "data": { "graphicsData": { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919171&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919173&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919182&type=" } } } ], "id": "DF1" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "其中，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Q" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为荧光量子产率，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "k" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为样品的荧光积分面积，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "A" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为样品的吸光度值，" }, { "name": "italic", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "n" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "为溶剂的折射率，下标r指标准参考物。为了避免再吸收效应，硫酸奎宁溶液和待测样品的吸光度值要严格控制在小于0.1范围内。经计算，所制备的GQDs的荧光量子产率约为6.3%。" } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "3.3" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GQDs的TEM表征和拉曼光谱表征" } ], "level": "2", "id": "s3c" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4(a)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4(a)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "为所制备GQDs的TEM图像，从图中可以看出，量子点形状偏圆状，且均匀分散。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4(b)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4(b)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "为高分辨TEM图像，测得晶格间距为0.24 nm，与石墨烯的(1120)晶面相吻合" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "[" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "21", "type": "bibr", "rid": "R21", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "21" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "]" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "。" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图4(c)", "type": "fig", "rid": "F4", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4(c)" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": "为GQDs的粒径分布图，可以看出，GQDs的尺寸分布较为均匀，粒径尺寸范围在4~9 nm之间，平均粒径大小约为6.67 nm。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F4", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)GQDs的TEM图像；(b)GQDs的HRTEM图像；(c)GQDs的粒径分布。" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "(a)TEM image of GQDs. (b)HRTEM image of GQDs. (c)Particle size distribution of GQDs." } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919190&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919199&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919194&type=" } ] } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "又对所制备的GQDs进行了拉曼光谱表征，从拉曼光谱(" }, { "name": "xref", "data": { "text": "图5", "type": "fig", "rid": "F5", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ] } }, { "name": "text", "data": ")中可以观察到典型的石墨烯拉曼特征峰D峰、G峰和微弱的2D峰，分别位于1 343,1 590,2 714 cm" }, { "name": "sup", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "-1" } ] }, { "name": "text", "data": "处。D峰与G峰的相对强度之比为0.9且G峰为独立的尖峰，表明合成的GQDs有缺陷且有较好的结晶度，其微弱的2D峰也表明具有石墨烯结构。" } ] }, { "name": "fig", "data": { "id": "F5", "caption": [ { "lang": "zh", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "图5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "GQDs的拉曼光谱" } ] }, { "lang": "en", "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Fig. 5" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "Raman spectrum of GQDs" } ] } ], "subcaption": [], "note": [], "graphics": [ { "print": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919202&type=", "small": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919212&type=", "big": "http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=22919203&type=" } ] } } ] } ] }, { "name": "sec", "data": [ { "name": "sectitle", "data": { "label": [ { "name": "text", "data": "4" } ], "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "结论" } ], "level": "1", "id": "s4" } }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文提出了一种新的GQDs制备方法。首先使用532 nm激光在PDMS表面诱导制备出了有缺陷的少层石墨烯，该方法无需其他试剂，普通环境下就可进行，且前驱体材料可重复使用，具有简单、低成本、低污染的优势。然后再以所制备的石墨烯为前驱体材料，采用水热法成功制备出了分散均匀、尺寸大小约为6.67 nm、发稳定明亮蓝色荧光的石墨烯量子点溶液，经计算所得GQDs的荧光量子产率约为6.3%。本文制备GQDs的方法具有简单、低成本、低污染的优势，为GQDs的制备提供了一种新途径。" } ] }, { "name": "p", "data": [ { "name": "text", "data": "本文专家审稿意见及作者回复内容的下载地址:http://cjl.lightpublishing.cn/thesisDetails#10.37188/CJL.20210251." } ] } ] } ], "footnote": [], "reflist": { "title": [ { "name": "text", "data": "参考文献:" } ], "data": [ { "id": "R1", "label": "[1]", "citation": [ { "lang": "en", "text": [ { "name": "text", "data": "ZHANG A T" }, { "name": "text", "data": ", " }, { "name": "text", "data": "CHEN T" }, { "name": "text", "data": ", " }, { "name": "text", "data": "SONG S W" }, { "name": "text", "data": ", " }, { "name": "text", "data": "et al" }, { "name": "text", "data": ". 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