This study employed a thulium-doped fluorotellurite glass fiber as the gain medium and utilized dual-wavelength lasers at 1 400 nm and 1 570 nm as the pump sources to establish a theoretical model of a 2.3 μm fiber laser. Through numerical simulations， the effects of the gain fiber length， fiber loss， and pump power on the performance parameters of the 2.3 μm laser were systematically investigated. The simulation results showed that when the length of the thulium-doped fluorotellurite glass fiber was 2.3 m， the pump power at 1 400 nm was 30 W， and the pump power at 1 570 nm was 2.4 W， the output power of the 2.3 μm laser reached 14.7 W， with a corresponding conversion efficiency of 45.37%. This research provides theoretical guidance for the development of high-power 2.3 μm thulium-doped fiber lasers.

2.3 μm fiber laser;numerical simulation;Tm³⁺ doped;fluorotellurite glass