最新刊期
      卷 45 ， 期 11 ， 2024

        Cover Story

      • “在照明和显示领域，有机发光二极管技术取得新突破。研究人员通过优化材料和器件结构，制备出高效率、低滚降的白光OLEDs，最高显色指数达90，最大外量子效率达8.76%，为开发新型OLEDs提供指导。”
        LI Xiaoxia,TIAN Tiantian,YANG Ruihao,XU Huixia,MIAO Yanqin,WANG Hua
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1747-1757(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240226
        摘要：Organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） are attracting attention in recent years as a competitive technology in the field of lighting and display technology. To realize ultra-simple， efficient and low roll-off white OLEDs， the selection of organic emissive layer materials is crucial. The “hot exciton” channel of hybrid local and charge transfer （HLCT） materials ensure that high-lying triplet state excitons quickly transfer to singlet state by reverse intersystem crossing （RISC）， making that the exciton utilization rate reaches theoretical 100%. And the rapid RISC can effectively suppress triplet excitons quenching， further contribute to small efficiency roll-off. Herein， by charge balance strategy， we first prepared highly efficient blue OLEDs based on blue HLCT material of pCzAnN by optimizing device structure. On the basis of above， two-color and three-color white OLEDs were fabricated by incomplete energy transfer strategy based on pCzAnN as the sensitized host of traditional fluorescent material. The resulting white OLEDs achieve the high color rendering index of 90 and maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.76%， and such device also exhibits small efficiency roll-off and excellent spectra stability. This study provides a guidance for developing simple， highly efficient， small efficiency roll-off white OLEDs in the future.  
        关键词：organic light emitting diode;white light;hybrid local and charge transfer;efficiency roll-off   
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        Expert Perspectives

      • “最新研究揭示硫化锌基场致发光材料在智能可穿戴设备和视觉交互传感领域的应用潜力与挑战。”
        CHANG Boya,GUO Suwen,ZHENG Yan,LI Kerui,LI Yaogang,ZHANG Qinghong,WANG Hongzhi,HOU Chengyi
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1758-1766(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240190
        摘要：In recent years， field luminescence （EL） technology has gained significant attention in the development of smart wearable devices and visual interaction sensing systems. Zinc sulfide （ZnS）-based field-emitting devices have emerged as key components in various application scenarios and visual interaction platforms due to their superior luminescence performance， high stability， and durability. This paper systematically reviews the properties of ZnS-based field-emission materials， with a comprehensive discussion of their luminescence mechanisms， device designs， and research applications. Particular attention is devoted to the latest advancements in ZnS-based field-emission fibers， highlighting their potential and challenges for future development.  
        关键词：field emitting fibers;flexible;display;smart wearable   
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        Invited Review

      • “In the field of optoelectronic devices, researchers have made significant progress in the study of quasi-two-dimensional perovskites. Expert xx explored the structure-dependent behavior of Q-2D perovskites, which provides solutions to enhance the performance of optoelectronic devices like solar cells and LEDs.”
        DONG Wei,LI Jing,YIN Wenxu,ZHANG Xiaoyu,ZHENG Weitao
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1767-1781(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240220
        摘要：While three-dimensional perovskites have high defect tolerance and an adjustable bandgap， their charges tend to be free rather than forming excitons， making them unsuitable for use in efficient light-emitting diodes （LEDs）. Rather， quasi-two-dimensional （Q-2D） perovskites offer high photoluminescence quantum yield along with the advantages of bulk perovskites， making them ideal for high-performance LEDs. In Q-2D perovskites， the structure （which includes factors like crystal orientation， phase distribution， and layer thickness） directly influences how excitons and charge carriers behave within the material. Growth control techniques， such as varying the synthesis conditions or employing methods， allow for fine-tuning the structural characteristics of these materials， which in turn affect exciton dynamics and charge transport. This review starts with a description of the basic properties of Q-2D perovskites， examines crystal growth in solution， explains how structure affects energy transfer behavior， and concludes with future directions for Q-2D perovskite LEDs. By understanding and optimizing the structure-dependent behavior， researchers can better control exciton dynamics and charge transport， which are crucial for enhancing the performance of optoelectronic devices like solar cells and LEDs.  
        关键词：quasi-two-dimensional perovskites;light-emitting diodes;growth control;energy transfer   
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        Views on Basic Knowledge of Luminescence

      • “在长余辉材料研究领域，专家总结了热释光测试的关键作用，并介绍了改进的估算方法，为材料研究提供新方向。”
        WEN Zaisheng,ZHANG Shiyou,BAI Xin,SONG Zhen,LIU Quanlin
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1782-1793(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240208
        摘要：Thermoluminescence measurement is the most important test item in the study of persistent luminescence materials. When the material is excited by high-energy rays， electrons are trapped in the trap， and these electrons are released under thermal excitation and then combined with the luminescent center， resulting in persistent luminescence. In recent years， researchers have carried out a lot of research on persistent luminescence materials in the fields of biological imaging， radiation dose detection and anti-counterfeiting. Thermal energy plays a key role in the decay of persistent luminescence. This paper will introduce the energy band model and thermoluminescence “first”， “second”， and “general” kinetic equations， and summarize several commonly used trap depth estimation methods， as well as our recently proposed simpler and more accurate trap depth estimation methods.  
        关键词：thermoluminescence;persistent luminescence   
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        Synthesis and Properties of Materials

      • “最新研究发现，铱（Ⅲ）配合物是最具潜力的OLED发光材料，为开发高效稳定的蓝光OLED提供参考。”
        WU Shaohua,LU Guangzhao,ZHONG Xiangyong,XIE Qifei,YU Sheng,QI Yanyu,HAN Huabo,ZHOU Liang
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1794-1810(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240167
        摘要：In recent years， the rapid development of organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） stems from the commercial application of phosphorescent materials， which have a 3-fold increase in theoretical internal quantum efficiency compared to fluorescent materials. Iridium（Ⅲ） complexes are the most promising OLED luminescent materials due to their large atomic number， large d orbital splitting and stable properties. Compared with red and green light-emitting materials， the development of efficient and stable blue light-emitting materials is still a problem restricting the development of OLED display technology. In this paper， the blue iridium complexes are classified according to their coordination structures， and the luminescence properties and device properties of each blue iridium complex are analyzed. As a result， this comprehensive analysis provides researchers and industry professionals with a valuable resource for the development of blue OLEDs with high color purity， high efficiency and long lifetime.  
        关键词：electroluminescence;organic light-emitting diode;phosphorescence;Blue emission;iridium complex   
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      • “最新研究报道，通过设计三联吡啶配体及其3d-4f配合物，实现了单分子白光发射，为发光材料研究提供新思路。”
        ZHANG Zhao,ZHANG Jiaxing,WANG Yang,CHANG Hui
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1811-1818(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240218
        摘要：The tripyridine mono， bis and triphenyl bridged-β-dione ligands （SL3， DL3 and TL3） and their 3d-4f complexes （SL3-Zn-EU， DL3-Zn-EU and TL3-Zn-EU） were designed and prepared. It is found that SL3-Zn-Eu and DL3-Zn-Eu can emit characteristic red light of rare earth ion Eu3+ under ultraviolet excitation， and the chroma coordinates of both are （0.67， 0.33）， but SL3-Zn-Eu has higher luminous intensity and quantum efficiency， mainly because the closer distance between 3d and 4f centers is favorable for 3d-4f energy transfer. However， the distance between the 3d and 4f centers in the TL3-Zn-Eu structure is longer， and the conjugate planes of the bridled benzene in the ligand distort with the increase of the number of bridled benzene rings， resulting in the blocked energy transfer of 3d→4f. The characteristic red light of Eu3+ and the residual green light of TL3-Zn can be detected from the fluorescence spectrum， and the luminous color falls in the white region with chrominance coordinates of （0.30， 0.29）. In conclusion， the 3d-4f complex designed in this paper can change the molecular conjugacy and the distance between 3d and 4f with the increase of the number of bridging benzene， thus adjusting the energy regulation efficiency.  
        关键词：beta-dione;terpyridyl;rare earth characteristic luminescence;energy transfer;white light emitting material   
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      • “最新报道，科研团队开发出新型有机红光材料，为高效红光电致发光器件和全彩显示技术发展提供新思路。”
        ZHU Jieji,YANG Guoxi,TONG Qingxiao
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1819-1827(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240207
        摘要：The development of new organic red emitters is of great importance for OLEDs and full-color displays. Two D-A-A´ type red emitters， named TPA-BT-S and TPA-BT-D， were designed and synthesized with triphenylamine as the electron donor （D）， benzothiadiazole and 2，6-diphenyl-3，5-dicyanopyridine as the electron acceptors （A）. In non-doped devices， the electroluminescent wavelengths of the two emitters are 618 nm and 610 nm， respectively， which are in the standard red light region. The maximum power efficiencies of the devices are 11.9 lm·W-1 and 12.0 lm·W-1， respectively；with maximum external quantum efficiencies of 6.36% and 5.32%， respectively. The exciton utilization of TPA-BT-S in the device reaches 33.7%. Those results demonstrate that emitters with hybrid local and charge-transfer states characteristic and D-A-A´ structure will exhibit high efficiency. Those provides a reference for the development of high-efficiency red emitters.  
        关键词：benzothiadiazole;red emitter;HLCT;OLED   
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      • “记者报道，新型宽带近红外荧光粉转换型发光二极管在夜视照明等领域取得突破，为设计高效近红外发射荧光粉提供新思路。”
        HE Fanquan,SONG Enhai,ZHANG Qinyuan
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1828-1838(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240209
        摘要：Broadband near-infrared phosphors converted light-emitting diode （pc-LED） is a novel solid-state light source， which has received extensive attention in the fields of night vision， food testing， biological imaging， et al. Herein， a fluoride phosphor NaHF2∶Cr3+ peaking at 761 nm with a full width at half maximum （FWHM） of ~112 nm is prepared via a facile hydrothermal method， exhibiting a high internal quantum efficiency （IQE） and external quantum efficiency （EQE） of 72.20% and 29.6%， respectively. Density functional theory （DFT） calculations and crystal structural analysis reveal that Cr3+ ions occupy the interstitial sites in NaHF2 to form a highly distorted octahedral ［CrF6］ environment， which is beneficial to relax part of the parity forbidden transition and realize highly efficient luminescence. Combining the phosphor NaHF2∶Cr3+ and blue InGaN chip， a pc-LED with a maximum NIR output power of 426.74 mW@300 mA is demonstrated， which has promise in night vision. This work also provides new insights into the design of high efficiency near-infrared emission of Cr3+ activated phosphors.  
        关键词：Phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes;near-infrared;NaHF2∶Cr3+;night vision   
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      • “在成像和检测领域，MgAlxGa2-xO4∶Ni2+荧光材料覆盖NIR-Ⅱ区，提升发光强度9倍，为近红外光谱技术应用提供新方案。”
        YANG Yichen,LYU Wei,KANG Xiaojiao
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1839-1848(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240194
        摘要：Near-infrared （NIR）-Ⅱ phosphors converted light-emitting diodes （NIR pc-LEDs） are ideal NIR sources for versatile applications. There is an urgent requirement to explore the NIR-Ⅱ luminescent materials. Herein， we have successfully synthesized MgAlxGa2-xO4 phosphor materials via a high-temperature solid-state method. The Ni2+ activated MgAlxGa2-xO4 exhibits an excitation wavelength of 390 nm and an emission peak at 1 300 nm， covering the NIR-Ⅱ region. This ultra-broadband emission is due to Ni²⁺ in a weak crystal field environment， which caused by spatially asymmetric distortions from high-charge polarization around the ［（Al/Ga）O6］ octahedral centers. A simple cation modulation strategy （Al/Ga） is proposed to successfully largely enhance the NIR-emission intensity 9 times as much as before. An optimized Al/Ga ratio in MgAlxGa2-xO4 system and the corresponding thermal stability were studied. Further， a NIR pc-LED is fabricated by employing MgAl1.5Ga0.5O4∶Ni2+ coating on a 395 nm LED chip， showcasing its promising application prospects in NIR pc-LED.  
        关键词：phosphor;Ni2+ doped;cation substitution;NIR pc-LED   
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      • “最新研究报道，采用交替注入工艺制备环保型量子点，优化后量子点发光性能显著提升，应用于QLED器件，亮度和效率均表现出色。”
        LI Zilong,QIN Xuanming,HUANG Yuanjin,ZHAO Jialong,CAO Sheng,ZHENG Jinju
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1849-1859(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240195
        摘要：A series of AgInxGa1-xS2/AgGaS2 （AIGS/AGS） quantum dots （QDs） with varying shell thicknesses were synthesized by employing a technique that involves multiple rounds of alternate shell precursor injection. Using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） techniques， the morphology and crystal structure of the quantum dots were characterized in detail. Further， by employing absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy， the impact of the AGS shell thickness on the luminescent properties of AIGS/AGS quantum dots was systematically analyzed. The experimental results indicate that appropriately increasing the AGS shell thickness enhances the band-edge emission of QDs， suppresses defect emission， and improves PL stability. Notably， the AIGS/AGS QDs with an optimal AGS shell thickness of 5 layers exhibit a pure green emission at 532 nm， a full width at half maximum （FWHM） of 33 nm， and a PL quantum yield （QY） of 45%. In term of light-emitting diode （LED） applications， the device achieves a maximum brightness of 1 518 cd/m² and an external quantum efficiency （EQE） of 0.26%， demonstrating excellent potential for practical applications.  
        关键词：Eco-friendly quantum dots;AIGS/AGS quantum dots;Shell thickness;optical properties;Band-edge Emiss   
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      • “最新研究揭示，通过甲脒离子掺杂，全无机钙钛矿CsPbBr3发光性能显著增强，为白光发光二极管设计提供新思路。”
        LIU Yuxin,BIAN Ang
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1860-1870(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240139
        摘要：Perovskite semiconductor materials， due to their excellent luminescent properties， tunable band gaps， ease of fabrication， and low cost， are widely regarded as having great potential for application in next-generation light-emitting diodes and semiconductor display devices. Inorganic perovskite quantum dots， represented by CsPbBr3， have attracted significant attention for their unique luminescent properties and have become a primary research focus. However， their luminescent performance and environmental stability still have certain limitations. This paper systematically studies the optimization of optical properties and stability of all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr₃ through an organic cation doping strategy combined with steady-state and transient spectroscopic techniques. The research results show that FA+ doping significantly enhances the luminescent performance of CsPbBr3， with the strongest photoluminescence intensity observed when the FA+ proportion is 20%. Through temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis， the exciton binding energy of Cs0.8FA0.2PbBr3 was determined to be 47.1 meV. FA+ doping reduces the longitudinal optical phonon energy of CsPbBr3， which helps lower the non-radiative transition rate and improves the photoluminescence quantum yield. Transient spectroscopy analysis indicates that， after the incorporation of FA⁺ into CsPbBr₃， the intraband hot exciton relaxation and non-radiative recombination are slowed down， resulting in an increase in the average photoluminescence lifetime from 13.68 ns to 19.56 ns， and an extension of exciton lifetime from 774.1 ps to 1 319.2 ps. LEDs based on the synthesized Cs0.8FA0.2PbBr3 quantum dots exhibit stable emission and ideal white light， with chromaticity coordinates of （0.3784， 0.3163）. The research results confirm the feasibility of doping FA⁺ in regulating the optical properties of CsPbBr₃ quantum dots and provide valuable guidance for the design and application of white light-emitting diodes.  
        关键词：organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite;formamidine ion doping;photoluminescence spectroscopy;transient spectroscopy;white-light LEDs   
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        Device Fabrication and Physics

      • “据最新报道，掺铽氟化物晶体激光器在科学研究和工业领域具有广阔应用前景，专家分析了其发展历程并展望了发展前景。”
        LIU Ziqi,XU Xuesen,JIANG Yanmei,GUO Yongrui
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1871-1882(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240206
        摘要：Terbium-doped fluoride crystal lasers have broad application prospects in the fields of scientific research and industry due to their ability to directly generate laser output covering the visible wavelength band of 500-700 nm， and their advantages of compact structure and high conversion efficiency compared with the traditional frequency conversion visible light lasers. Currently， the key to the development of terbium-doped fluoride crystal visible lasers is to scale up the output power of the laser. In this paper， we firstly introduce terbium-doped fluoride crystal matrix， crystal structure， and spectral properties， and then focus on the development of terbium-doped fluoride crystal visible lasers based on frequency-doubled optically pumped semiconductor lasers （2ω-OPSLs） and visible laser diode （LD）-pumped lasers for continuous， pulsed， and deep-ultraviolet laser outputs. Finally， the current problems of terbium-doped fluoride crystal visible lasers are analyzed， and the development prospects of these lasers are analyzed.  
        关键词：terbium-doped fluoride crystal;visible light laser;continuous laser;pulsed laser;deep-ultraviolet laser   
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      • “最新研究利用COMSOL multiphysics软件对基于Ga2O3/VO2的异质结光电器件进行了二维物理仿真，探索了器件在光电探测器方面的应用，为进一步优化Ga2O3/VO2光电二极管实验研究和应用有所裨益。”
        FENG Yunsong,ZHOU Changqi,WANG Siyu,LU Yuan,JIN Wei,SHANG Yuanxin,LI Yafan,CHEN Youcai
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1883-1888(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240211
        摘要：In this paper， two-dimensional physical modeling and simulation of Ga2O3/VO2 heterojunction optoelectronic devices were carried out using COMSOL multiphysics software. The doping curve， energy level diagram， electric field distribution and potential distribution of Ga2O3/VO2 heterojunction optoelectronic devices based on VO2 phase transition regulation are analyzed and reported. The application of the device in photodetector is explored. The peak response rate is 0.068 A/W and the rejection ratio （R250 nm/R450 nm） reaches 105 orders under 1 V bias and 10 μW illumination conditions. The simulation data are helpful for further optimization of experimental research and application of Ga2O3/VO2 photodiodes.  
        关键词：Ga2O3/VO2 heterojunction;COMSOL;VO2 phase transition;energy level structure;simulation   
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        Luminescence Applications and Interdisciplinary Fields

      • “据最新研究报道，科研团队开发了一种近红外荧光成像介导的协同治疗体系，有效改善了肿瘤治疗效果，并为多功能诊疗一体化纳米平台的构建提供了新思路。”
        LUO Jiamin,ZHANG Yaru,TAN Meiling,TIAN Xiumei,HOU Zhiyao
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1889-1903(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240202
        摘要：Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases globally. Traditional treatment modalities like chemotherapy， radiotherapy， and surgery often fall short due to their limitations. Photothermal therapy （PTT）， which utilizes the photothermal conversion effect of photothermal therapy agents （PTAs） to convert near-infrared energy into heat for cancer cell destruction， typically requires high temperatures that can damage adjacent normal tissues/organs. Mild photothermal therapy （mPTT） with a lower treatment temperature range （38-43 ℃） is crucial for advancing PTT in tumor clinical treatment. However， even a minor temperature increase can induce heat stress in cancer cells and upregulate the expression of heat shock proteins （HSPs）， affecting mPTT’s efficacy. To enhance mPTT’s therapeutic effect， in this study， a near-infrared （NIR） fluorescence imaging-mediated and kinetic effect-induced NIR-responsive mPTT synergistic therapeutic system was designed using dendritic mesoporous silica-coated rare earth fluorescent nanocrystal nanocomposites （DCNP@DMSN） as the matrix material， modified with MnFe2O4 nano-enzymes on the surface and loaded with indocyanine green （ICG） in the pore channels. DDMFI displays tumor microenvironment-responsive chemical kinetic effects and NIR-activated photodynamic effects. The generated reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides can downregulate the expression of heat stress-induced HSP70 from low-temperature photothermal treatment， enabling kinetic effect-induced mPTT. In a 4T1 breast cancer model， it shows promising anti-tumor performance. Additionally， the platform has near-infrared second region fluorescence imaging functionality for in vivo tumor localization. Collectively， this approach holds great significance for the development of multifunctional integrated nano-platforms.  
        关键词：photothermal therapy;photodynamic therapy;nanozyme;near infrared imaging;heat shock protein   
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        Luminescence Industry and Technology Frontier

      • “在荧光粉领域，专家总结了Mn4+激活氟化物荧光粉水解劣化的评价方法，为深入理解其劣化机制、开发耐水解劣化性更优的氟化物荧光粉提供解决方案。”
        ZHANG Wenrui,LIU Yusen,WANG Yu,ZHANG Liying,JI Haipeng
        Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 1904-1912(2024) DOI: 10.37188/CJL.20240214
        摘要：Hydrolytic degradation is one of the main obstacles limiting the widespread application of Mn4+-activated fluoride red phosphors. Accurate characterization of the hydrolytic degradation behavior of Mn4+-activated fluoride phosphors is crucial for a deeper understanding of their degradation mechanisms and for developing fluoride phosphors with superior hydrolytic resistance. This review summarizes the methods for evaluating the hydrolytic degradation of Mn4+-activated fluoride phosphors， which are categorized into characterization of luminescence intensity/quantum efficiency （testing the luminescence intensity and quantum efficiency before and after treatment such as immersing in water， treating under 85 ℃/85% relative humidity condition， treating in boiling water， or treating in hydrothermal condition）， characterization of Mn valance on the particle surface （diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy）， and characterization of the dissolution properties of the phosphor （pH testing and conductivity testing of the solution after hydrolysis）. By presenting specific examples， this review introduces the characteristics of various evaluation methods， analyzes their advantages and disadvantages of each method， and finally provides a perspective on how to scientifically evaluate the hydrolytic degradation behavior of fluoride phosphors.  
        关键词：Mn4+;fluoride;hydrolytic degradation;phosphor   
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