Research Progress of Active Layer and Electrode Layer of Translucent Perovskite Solar Cells

Peng LI; Chao YU; Wen-long JIANG; Peng WANG; Yu DUAN

doi:10.37188/CJL.20210400

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research Progress of Active Layer and Electrode Layer of Translucent Perovskite Solar Cells

Luminescence Industry and Technology Frontier | 更新时间：2022-04-07

- Research Progress of Active Layer and Electrode Layer of Translucent Perovskite Solar Cells
  增强出版
- Chinese Journal of Luminescence Vol. 43, Issue 3, Pages: 404-420(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.长春电子科技学院　电子工程学院，吉林　长春　130114
  2.吉林大学电子科学与工程学院　集成光电子学国家重点联合实验室，吉林　长春　130012
  3.空军航空大学，吉林　长春　130012
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974054;61675088);The International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jilin Province(20190701023GH);The Scientifific and Technological Developing Scheme of Jilin Province(20200401045GX;20190302011G)
- DOI：10.37188/CJL.20210400
  CLC： O482.31;TM914.4
- Received：21 December 2021，
  
  Revised：02 January 2022，
  
  Published：2022-03
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Peng LI, Chao YU, Wen-long JIANG, et al. Research Progress of Active Layer and Electrode Layer of Translucent Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Chinese journal of luminescence, 2022, 43(3): 404-420.
DOI：

Peng LI, Chao YU, Wen-long JIANG, et al. Research Progress of Active Layer and Electrode Layer of Translucent Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Chinese journal of luminescence, 2022, 43(3): 404-420. DOI： 10.37188/CJL.20210400.

摘要

半透明钙钛矿太阳能电池具备集采光及发电于一身的优点，在新能源汽车、建筑集成光伏系统等领域具有巨大的应用前景。光伏系统主要位于车顶或屋顶或开放区域，以实现最大程度地暴露在阳光下，半透明太阳能电池可以集成到车体或建筑物的侧面，达到最大限度地提高空间容量，扩大能源产量。但是，半透明钙钛矿太阳能电池如何在保证光电转换效率的同时具备良好的透光率，一直是科学界面临的难题，设计新型器件结构、开发吸光层和透明电极材料等问题亟待解决。本文围绕高性能、半透明钙钛矿太阳能电池总结了器件结构设计、材料选择和制备工艺方面最新的研究进展，并讨论了目前研究中所面临的问题和未来的发展方向。

Abstract

Translucent perovskite solar cells have the advantages of integrating lighting and power generation

and have huge applications in the fields of new energy vehicles and building integrated photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic systems are mainly located on the top or roof or area of the car to achieve maximum light in the sun. The translucent solar cells are integrated into the car body or space at a height that can nutritionally increase the capacity and increase energy production. How-ever

how to ensure the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the translucent solar cells and have a good light transmittance has always been a defect in the light transmission of the scientific community. The design of new device structures

light-absorbing layers and transparent coatings have yet to be resolved. In terms of structure design

material selection and preparation technology

the latest research progress is summarized

and the development direction of the current research and the future development direction are discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

WANG H R , ZHAO Y P , WANG Z Y , et al . Hermetic seal for perovskite solar cells: an improved plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition encapsulation [J]. Nano Energy , 2020 , 69 : 104375-1-8 .

GREEN M A . Commercial progress and challenges for photovoltaics [J]. Nat. Energy , 2016 , 1 ( 1 ): 15015-1-4 .

ALLA S A , BIANCO V , TAGLIAFICO L A , et al . An innovative approach to local solar energy planning in Riva Trigoso,Italy [J]. J. Build. Eng. , 2020 , 27 : 100968 .

国家统计局 . 中华人民共和国2020年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 [EB/OL]. 2021-02-28 [ 2021-11-29 ]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/202102/t20210227_1814154.html http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/202102/t20210227_1814154.html .

National Bureau of Satistics . Statistical communique of the People's Republic of China on national economic and social development in 2020 [EB/OL]. 2021-02-28 [ 2021-11-29 ]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/202102/t20210227_1814154.html http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/202102/t20210227_1814154.html . (in Chinese)

于超 , 陈琛 , 吴丹 , 等 . 喷墨打印钙钛矿光电器件的研究进展 [J]. 液晶与显示 , 2021 , 36 ( 1 ): 158 - 175 .

YU C , CHEN C , WU D , et al . Research progress of inkjet printed perovskite optoelectronic devices [J]. Chin. J. Liq. Cryst. Disp. , 2021 , 36 ( 1 ): 158 - 175 . (in Chinese)

MIN H , LEE D Y , KIM J , et al . Perovskite solar cells with atomically coherent interlayers on SnO 2 electrodes [J]. Nature , 2021 , 598 ( 7881 ): 444 - 450 .

ONO L K , JUAREZ-PEREZ E J , QI Y B . Progress on perovskite materials and solar cells with mixed cations and halide anions [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2017 , 9 ( 36 ): 30197 - 30246 .

LEE M M , TEUSCHER J , MIYASAKA T , et al . Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-superstructured organometal halide perovskites [J]. Science , 2012 , 338 ( 6107 ): 643 - 647 .

KIM H S , LEE C R , IM J H , et al . Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with efficiency exceeding 9% [J]. Sci. Rep. , 2012 , 2 ( 1 ): 591-1-7 .

MUJAHID M , CHEN C , ZHANG J , et al . Recent advances in semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. InfoMat , 2021 , 3 ( 1 ): 101 - 124 .

HAN S , DENG Y Y , HAN W B , et al . Recent advances of semitransparent organic solar cells [J]. Solar Energy , 2021 , 225 : 97 - 107 .

PARK H H . Transparent electrode techniques for semitransparent and tandem perovskite solar cells [J]. Electron. Mater. Lett. , 2021 , 17 ( 1 ): 18 - 32 .

RAHMANY S , ETGAR L . Semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. ACS Energy Lett. , 2020 , 5 ( 5 ): 1519 - 1531 .

姜欣 , 陈琛 , 于超 , 等 . 应用于光伏型智能窗的半透明钙钛矿太阳能电池：透明度与效率间的对立统一 [J]. 发光学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 2 ): 264 - 277 .

JIANG X , CHEN C , YU C , et al . Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells for photovoltaic smart windows:unity of opposites between transparency and efficiency [J]. Chin. J. Lumin. , 2021 , 42 ( 2 ): 264 - 277 . (in Chinese)

CHEN K S , SALINAS J F , YIP H L , et al . Semi-transparent polymer solar cells with 6% PCE,25% average visible transmittance and a color rendering index close to 100 for power generating window applications [J]. Energy Environ. Sci. , 2012 , 5 ( 11 ): 9551 - 9557 .

YOON J H , SONG J , LEE S J . Practical application of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system using transparent amorphous silicon thin-film PV module [J]. Solar Energy , 2011 , 85 ( 5 ): 723 - 733 .

DEBIJE M . Better luminescent solar panels in prospect [J]. Nature , 2015 , 519 ( 7543 ): 298 - 299 .

CANNAVALE A , EPERON G E , COSSARI P , et al . Perovskite photovoltachromic cells for building integration [J]. Energy Environ. Sci. , 2015 , 8 ( 5 ): 1578 - 1584 .

SHI B , DUAN L , ZHAO Y , et al . Semitransparent perovskite solar cells:from materials and devices to applications [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2020 , 32 ( 3 ): 1806474 .

KWON H C , MOON J . Recent advances in high-performance semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Curr. Opin. Electrochem. , 2018 , 11 : 114 - 121 .

HECHT D S , HU L B , IRVIN G . Emerging transparent electrodes based on thin films of carbon nanotubes,graphene,and metallic nanostructures [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2011 , 23 ( 13 ): 1482 - 1513 .

ROLDÁN-CARMONA C , MALINKIEWICZ O , BETANCUR R , et al . High efficiency single-junction semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Energy Environ. Sci. , 2014 , 7 ( 9 ): 2968 - 2973 .

BUSH K A , BAILIE C D , CHEN Y , et al . Thermal and environmental stability of semi-transparent perovskite solar cells for tandems enabled by a solution-processed nanoparticle buffer layer and sputtered ITO electrode [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2016 , 28 ( 20 ): 3937 - 3943 .

WEI M Z , WANG H R , WANG J T , et al . Flexible transparent electrodes for organic light-emitting diodes simply fabricated with AuCl 3 -modied grapheme [J]. Org. Electron. , 2018 , 63 : 71 - 77 .

WANG H , LI K , TAO Y , et al . Smooth ZnO∶Al-AgNWs composite electrode for flexible organic light-emitting device [J]. Nanoscale Res. Lett. , 2017 , 12 ( 1 ): 77-1-7 .

SHI L , CUI Y , GAO Y , et al . High performance ultrathin MoO 3 /Ag transparent electrode and its application in semitransparent organic solar cells [J]. Nanomaterials , 2018 , 8 ( 7 ): 473 .

ZHANG Y W , CHENG P P , TAN W Y , et al . Balance the thickness,transparency and stability of semi-transparent perovskite solar cells by solvent engineering and using a bifunctional additive [J]. Appl. Surf. Sci. , 2021 , 537 : 147908-1-8 .

BAG S , DURSTOCK M F . Efficient semi-transparent planar perovskite solar cells using a ‘molecular glue’ [J]. Nano Energy , 2016 , 30 : 542 - 548 .

EPERON G E , BURLAKOV V M , GORIELY A , et al . Neutral color semitransparent microstructured perovskite solar cells [J]. ACS Nano , 2014 , 8 ( 1 ): 591 - 598 .

EPERON G E , BRYANT D , TROUGHTON J , et al . Efficient,semitransparent neutral-colored solar cells based on microstructured formamidinium lead trihalide perovskite [J]. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2015 , 6 ( 1 ): 129 - 138 .

ZHANG L J , HÖRANTNER M T , ZHANG W , et al . Near-neutral-colored semitransparent perovskite films using a combination of colloidal self-assembly and plasma etching [J]. Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells , 2017 , 160 : 193 - 202 .

XIAO S , CHEN H N , JIANG F Y , et al . Hierarchical dual-scaffolds enhance charge separation and collection for high efficiency semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Adv. Mater. Interfaces , 2016 , 3 ( 17 ): 1600484-1-7 .

WANG Y S , MAHMOUDI T , YANG H Y , et al . Fully-ambient-processed mesoscopic semitransparent perovskite solar cells by islands-structure-MAPbI 3- x Cl x -NiO composite and Al 2 O 3 /NiO interface engineering [J]. Nano Energy , 2018 , 49 : 59 - 66 .

SUN K , LI P C , XIA Y J , et al . Transparent conductive oxide-free perovskite solar cells with PEDOT∶PSS as transparent electrode [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2015 , 7 ( 28 ): 15314 - 15320 .

LEE D J , HEO D K , YUN C H , et al . Solution-processed semitransparent inverted organic solar cells from a transparent conductive polymer electrode [J]. ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol. , 2019 , 8 ( 2 ): Q32 - Q37 .

PARK H , LEE J H , LEE S , et al . Retarding ion exchange between conducting polymers and ionic liquids for printable top electrodes in semitransparent organic solar cells [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2020 , 12 ( 2 ): 2276 - 2284 .

LI H , GAO Y J , YUAN S H , et al . Improvement in the figure of merit of ITO-metal-ITO sandwiched films on poly substrate by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering [J]. Coatings , 2021 , 11 ( 2 ): 144 .

FU F , FEURER T , JÄGER T , et al . Low-temperature-processed efficient semi-transparent planar perovskite solar cells for bifacial and tandem applications [J]. Nat. Commun. , 2015 , 6 : 8932-1-9 .

JI S G . Combined MoO x Buffer Layer with Metal Oxide Nanoparticle for Improved Stability and Performance of Semi-transparent Perovskite Solar Cell [D]. Ulsan : Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology,Graduate School of UNIST , 2019 .

EOM T , KIM S , AGBENYEKE R E , et al . Copper oxide buffer layers by pulsed-chemical vapor deposition for semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Adv. Mater. Interfaces , 2021 , 8 ( 1 ): 2001482 .

WANG H R , WANG Z Y , XU X C , et al . A novel nucleation inducer for ultrathin au anodes in high efficiency and flexible organic optoelectronic devices [J]. Adv. Opt. Mater. , 2020 , 8 ( 4 ): 1901320-1-8 .

GASPERA E D , PENG Y , HOU Q C , et al . Ultra-thin high efficiency semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Nano Energy , 2015 , 13 : 249 - 257 .

ZHAO J , BRINKMANN K O , HU T , et al . Self-encapsulating thermostable and air-resilient semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2017 , 7 ( 14 ): 1602599-1-8 .

LI H , CHEN C , JIN J J , et al . Near-infrared and ultraviolet to visible photon conversion for full spectrum response perovskite solar cells [J]. Nano Energy , 2018 , 50 : 699 - 709 .

DAI X Z , ZHANG Y , SHEN H P , et al . Working from both sides:composite metallic semitransparent top electrode for high performance perovskite solar cells [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2016 , 8 ( 7 ): 4523 - 4531 .

TAI Q D , YAN F . Emerging semitransparent solar cells:materials and device design [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2017 , 29 ( 34 ): 1700192-1-37 .

LEE K T , GUO L J , PARK H J . Neutral-and multi-colored semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Molecules , 2016 , 21 ( 4 ): 475-1-21 .

LI Z , BOIX P P , XING G C , et al . Carbon nanotubes as an efficient hole collector for high voltage methylammonium lead bromide perovskite solar cells [J]. Nanoscale , 2016 , 8 ( 12 ): 6352 - 6360 .

JEON I , SEO S , SATO Y , et al . Perovskite solar cells using carbon nanotubes both as cathode and as anode [J]. J. Phys. Chem. C , 2017 , 121 ( 46 ): 25743 - 25749 .

BAE I G , PARK B . All-self-metered solution-coating process in ambient air for the fabrication of efficient,large-area,and semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. Sustainable Energy Fuels , 2020 , 4 ( 6 ): 3115 - 3128 .

LI Z , KULKARNI S A , BOIX P P , et al . Laminated carbon nanotube networks for metal electrode-free efficient perovskite solar cells [J]. ACS Nano , 2014 , 8 ( 7 ): 6797 - 6804 .

LI F R , XU Y , CHEN W , et al . Nanotube enhanced carbon grids as top electrodes for fully printable mesoscopic semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. J. Mater. Chem. A , 2017 , 5 ( 21 ): 10374 - 10379 .

MUCHUWENI E , MARTINCIGH B S , NYAMORI V O . Perovskite solar cells:current trends in graphene-based materials for transparent conductive electrodes,active layers,charge transport layers,and encapsulation layers [J]. Adv. Energy Sustain. Res. , 2021 , 2 ( 9 ): 2100050-1-19 .

LIU Z W , XIE Y F , ZHAO J , et al . Rapid preparation of conductive transparent films via solution printing of graphene precursor [J]. Thin Solid Films , 2018 , 657 : 24 - 31 .

HEO J H , SHIN D H , SONG D H , et al . Super-flexible bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-amide doped graphene transparent conductive electrodes for photo-stable perovskite solar cells [J]. J. Mater. Chem. A , 2018 , 6 ( 18 ): 8251 - 8258 .

BU L L , LIU Z H , ZHANG M , et al . Semitransparent fully air processed perovskite solar cells [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2015 , 7 ( 32 ): 17776 - 17781 .

HU X T , MENG X C , ZHANG L , et al . A mechanically robust conducting polymer network electrode for efficient flexible perovskite solar cells [J]. Joule , 2019 , 3 ( 9 ): 2205 - 2218 .

JIANG Y Y , LUO B W , JIANG F Y , et al . Efficient colorful perovskite solar cells using a top polymer electrode simultaneously as spectrally selective antireflection coating [J]. Nano Lett. , 2016 , 16 ( 12 ): 7829 - 7835 .

ZHANG Y K , WU Z W , LI P , et al . Fully solution-processed TCO-free semitransparent perovskite solar cells for tandem and flexible applications [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2018 , 8 ( 1 ): 1701569-1-10 .

ISLAM M B , YANAGIDA M , SHIRAI Y , et al . Highly stable semi-transparent MAPbI 3 perovskite solar cells with operational output for 4 000 h [J]. Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells , 2019 , 195 : 323 - 329 .

EPERON G E , LEIJTENS T , BUSH K A , et al . Perovskite-perovskite tandem photovoltaics with optimized band gaps [J]. Science , 2016 , 354 ( 6314 ): 861 - 865 .

HEO J H , JANG M H , LEE M H , et al . Efficiency enhancement of semi-transparent sandwich type CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite solar cells with island morphology perovskite film by introduction of polystyrene passivation layer [J]. J. Mater. Chem. A , 2016 , 4 ( 42 ): 16324 - 16329 .

NOH Y J , KIM J G , KIM S S , et al . Efficient semi-transparent perovskite solar cells with a novel indium zinc tin oxide top electrode grown by linear facing target sputtering [J]. J. Power Sources , 2019 , 437 : 226894-1-5 .

ZUO L J , SHI X L , FU W F , et al . Highly efficient semitransparent solar cells with selective absorption and tandem architecture [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2019 , 31 ( 36 ): 1901683-1-9 .

TONG J H , SONG Z N , KIM D H , et al . Carrier lifetimes of > 1 μs in Sn-Pb perovskites enable efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells [J]. Science , 2019 , 364 ( 6439 ): 475 - 479 .

WERNER J , BARRAUD L , WALTER A , et al . Efficient near-infrared-transparent perovskite solar cells enabling direct comparison of 4-terminal and monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem cells [J]. ACS Energy Lett. , 2016 , 1 ( 2 ): 474 - 480 .

MCMEEKIN D P , SADOUGHI G , REHMAN W , et al . A mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskite absorber for tandem solar cells [J]. Science , 2016 , 351 ( 6269 ): 151 - 155 .

FU F , FEURER T , WEISS T P , et al . High-efficiency inverted semi-transparent planar perovskite solar cells in substrate configuration [J]. Nature Energy , 2016 , 2 ( 1 ): 16190-1-9 .

CHEN B , BAI Y , YU Z S , et al . Efficient semitransparent perovskite solar cells for 23.0%-efficiency perovskite/silicon four-terminal tandem cells [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2016 , 6 ( 19 ): 1601128-1-7 .

ZHAO D W , YU Y , WANG C L , et al . Low-bandgap mixed tin-lead iodide perovskite absorbers with long carrier lifetimes for all-perovskite tandem solar cells [J]. Nat. Energy , 2017 , 2 ( 4 ): 17018-1-7 .

JUNG J W , CHUEH C C , JEN A K Y . High-performance semitransparent perovskite solar cells with 10% power conversion efficiency and 25% average visible transmittance based on transparent CuSCN as the hole-transporting material [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2015 , 5 ( 17 ): 1500486-1-7 .

KIM H , KIM H S , HA J , et al . Empowering semi-transparent solar cells with thermal-mirror functionality [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2016 , 6 ( 14 ): 1502466-1-9 .

XUE Q F , BAI Y , LIU M Y , et al . Dual interfacial modifications enable high performance semitransparent perovskite solar cells with large open circuit voltage and fill factor [J]. Adv. Energy Mater. , 2017 , 7 ( 9 ): 1602333-1-9 .

XIE X X , WU C C , SUN S R , et al . Semitransparent perovskite solar cells with dielectric/metal/dielectric top electrodes [J]. Energy Technol. , 2020 , 8 ( 4 ): 1900868-1-7 .

YOU P , LIU Z K , TAI Q D , et al . Efficient semitransparent perovskite solar cells with graphene electrodes [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2015 , 27 ( 24 ): 3632 - 3638 .

HANMANDLU C , CHEN C Y , BOOPATHI K M , et al . Bifacial perovskite solar cells featuring semitransparent electrodes [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2017 , 9 ( 38 ): 32635 - 32642 .

CHOI D H , SEOK H J , KIM D H , et al . Thermally-evaporated C 60 /Ag/C 60 multilayer electrodes for semi-transparent perovskite photovoltaics and thin film heaters [J]. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. , 2020 , 21 ( 1 ): 435 - 449 .

HEO J H , HAN J , SHIN D H , et al . Highly stable semi-transparent CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 sandwich type perovskite solar sub-module with neutral color [J]. Mater. Today Energy , 2017 , 5 : 280 - 286 .

QUIROZ C O R , LEVCHUK I , BRONNBAUER C , et al . Pushing efficiency limits for semitransparent perovskite solar cells [J]. J. Mater. Chem. A , 2015 , 3 ( 47 ): 24071 - 24081 .

CHEN B X , RAO H S , CHEN H Y , et al . Ordered macroporous CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite semitransparent film for high-performance solar cells [J]. J. Mater. Chem. A , 2016 , 4 ( 40 ): 15662 - 15669 .

REHMAN W , MILOT R L , EPERON G E , et al . Charge-carrier dynamics and mobilities in formamidinium lead mixed-halide perovskites [J]. Adv. Mater. , 2015 , 27 ( 48 ): 7938 - 7944 .

GUO F , AZIMI H , HOU Y , et al . High-performance semitransparent perovskite solar cells with solution-processed silver nanowires as top electrodes [J]. Nanoscale , 2015 , 7 ( 5 ): 1642 - 1649 .

KHOA N H , TANAKA Y , GOH W P , et al . A solution processed Ag-nanowires/C60 composite top electrode for efficient and translucent perovskite solar cells [J]. Solar Energy , 2020 , 196 : 582 - 588 .

CHANG C Y , LEE K T , HUANG W K , et al . High-performance,air-stable,low-temperature processed semitransparent perovskite solar cells enabled by atomic layer deposition [J]. Chem. Mater. , 2015 , 27 ( 14 ): 5122 - 5130 .

JEON I , YOON J , AHN N , et al . Carbon nanotubes versus graphene as flexible transparent electrodes in inverted perovskite solar cells [J]. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2017 , 8 ( 21 ): 5395 - 5401 .

Views

1028

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Research Progress on Photogating Effect in Regulating Response Characteristics of Photodetectors

Advances in High-energy Irradiation Stability and Damage Mechanisms of Perovskite Materials

Regulation of Perovskite Crystallization Process and Its Mechanism Based on Green Anti-solvent Engineering

Review of Advances in Large-area Perovskite Solar Cell Thin-film Fabrication Techniques

Related Author

Peng LI

Chao YU

Wen-Long JIANG

Peng WANG

Yu DUAN

LIU Hao

SONG Hongwei

CHEN Cong

Related Institution

Changchun College of Eletronic Technology

State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics， College of Electronic Science and Engineering， Jilin University

Aviation University Air Force Changchun

School of Material Science and Engineering， Hebei University of Technology

State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics， College of Electronic Science and Engineering， Jilin University

AI问答

Address：No.3888 Dong Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, China Postal code：130033
Tel：0431-86176862 Email：fgxbt@126.com
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 吉ICP备11002662号-17 京公网安备11010802024621
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰